Deep-seated gravitational slope deformations (DSGSDs) show a wide range of geomorphological characteristics and kinematic behaviours. In many cases, deforming rock masses move on a continuous surface ...or a thick basal shear zone (BSZ) overlying the stable bedrock. The nature of this boundary is a significant issue in scientific debates since examples of BSZs have been observed or inferred in some DSGSDs worldwide. In the central Apennines, although several cases of DSGSDs have been described in recent decades, no evidence of BSZs has been documented thus far.
This work presents the first case of a BSZ found in the region at the bottom of a large-scale gravitational deformation that affects the Mesozoic-Cenozoic carbonate ridge overhanging the Luco dei Marsi village (Abruzzi region). The BSZ consists of several metres-thick, cataclastic breccia developed within middle-Upper Cretaceous biodetritic limestone. The breccia level is exposed for approximately 200 m with a subhorizontal geometry and shows severe rock damage and weathering.
The DSGSD hosting the BSZ affects an NNW-SSE-oriented and wide Miocene anticline whose eastern limb is dismembered by Pliocene-Quaternary normal faults delimiting the edge of a large Quaternary intermontane basin (the Fucino Basin). Field survey, aerial photointerpretation, and remote sensing (DInSAR technique) analyses outline an active gravity-driven process. This is characterized by several kinds of geomorphological features, including downhill- and uphill-facing scarps, ridge-top depressions, gravitational grabens and trenches in the upper and middle parts of the ridge, and bulging at the toe of the slope. These features, which can be distinguished from tectonic elements due to their shape and extension, are an indication of a high degree of internal deformation and a compound sagging geometry for the Luco dei Marsi DSGSD.
The short-term activity of the process was revealed by DInSAR time series covering almost thirty years of satellite datasets, including ERS1/2, ENVISAT, COSMO-SkyMed, and SENTINEL 1 constellations. Strain rates on the order of a few mm/yr were inferred, with a marked difference between different sectors of the DSGSD area. The long-term (y > 102) lifespan of the DSGSD was framed into a multiple-step conceptual model summarizing the Early Pleistocene-Holocene geological evolution of the area. The model results outline the control exercised by extensional tectonics on DSGSD development, as progressive displacements along normal faults in the latest Pleistocene were the cause of lateral unconfinement at the toe of the slope.
This work further contributes to the increasing knowledge on DSGSDs in the central Apennines and the understanding of the relationship between deformation features induced by slope morphogenesis, such as the BSZ, and Quaternary tectonics within the mountain belt.
•An unknown case of DSGSD found in the central Apennines is presented.•For the first time a basal shear zone was observed in the mountain belt.•DInsar datasets elaboration proved the present state of activity of the DSGSD.•Slope deformation was originated by Quaternary normal faulting along the footslope.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP
Sözce oluşturan/konuşan/yazar ve sözceye maruz kalan/dinleyen/okur arasında ortak bilgi birikiminin olması iletişimin sağlığı ve devamlılığı için gereklidir. Bu bilgiler kimi zaman sözce içinde ...açıkça söylenirken çoğu zaman açıkça söylenmemektedir. Sözce oluşturulurken göndericinin ve alıcının bildiği örtük bilgiye önvarsayım denir. Önvarsayım “konuşmacının sözcesinde açıkça dile getirmediği fakat sözcedeki sözlüksel ve sözdizimsel yapıya bağlı olarak ortaya çıkan, dinleyenin de kesin olarak bildiğini kabul ettiği bütün bilgiler” şeklinde tanımlanabilir. Önvarsayımlar genellikle tetikleyicilerine göre sınıflandırılır. Önvarsayım tetikleyicisi sözce içinde önvarsayım durumuna kaynaklık eden her bir söz birimi veya yapıdır. Bu çalışmada, Türk milletinin millî marşı ve Türk milleti için önemli bir yere sahip İstiklâl Marşı’ndaki önvarsayımlar ve bu önvarsayımların tetikleyicileri ele alınmıştır. Çalışmanın amacı, Millî Mücadele zamanından günümüze içinde bir milletin ortak hafızasını barındıran bu metnin önvarsayımlarını ve önvarsayım tetikleyicilerini belirleyerek şiirin önvarsayımlar aracılığıyla verdiği mesajlar yanında, tarihsel ve kültürel kodları taşıyıcılığı üzerinde durmaktır. Çalışmada İstiklâl Marşı’nın tamamı incelenmiştir. Çalışma, nitel araştırma yöntemlerine göre yürütülmüştür. Araştırmanın verileri doküman incelemesi yöntemiyle toplanmış, elde edilen veriler betimsel analiz yöntemiyle analiz edilmiştir. İstiklâl Marşı’nda varoluşsal (69), sözlüksel (50), yapısal (6), olgusal olmayan (3) ve karşı olgusal (2) önvarsayım tespit edilmiştir. Önvarsayımların ortaya çıkmasında dış gönderim (2), art gönderim (10) ve ön gönderimden (1) yararlanıldığı görülmüştür. Varoluşsal önvarsayımdan sonra en sık rastlanan önvarsayım türü olan sözlüksel önvarsayımın ortaya çıkmasında uzlaşımsal önvarsayım tetikleyicisi (24) en sık gözlenen tetikleyicidir. Uzlaşımsal önvarsayım tetikleyicilerinin sağladığı önvarsayımlarda önvarsayımın tespit edilmesi, sözcenin ya da metnin ait olduğu toplumun tüm yönlerine hâkim olmayı gerektirmektedir. Bu tetikleyicinin ortaya çıkardığı önvarsayımlar ayrı bir çalışmanın konusu olabilir.
Medical adhesives are essential to secure wound care dressings and medical devices to the skin, to bind wound edges, track vital signs, or even provide local drug delivery. Despite several options in ...the market, most medical adhesives are composed of acrylate, hydrocolloid, and silicone, materials that are associated with the development of Medical Adhesive-Related Skin Injury (MARSI). Moreover, these injuries reduce skin integrity, causing pain, delaying wound healing, and increasing the risk of infection, consequently extending the treatment time, and impairing the quality of life and health of the patients. To prevent MARSI, a new generation of adhesives is being investigated based on the use of natural biomaterials (bio-adhesives) and/or on alterations of the adhesion mechanism that mimic the adhesion that occurs in nature, such as adhesion by hydrogen bonds and van der Waals interactions (nature-inspired adhesives). This review focuses on the advanced medical adhesives, both available and under development, to prevent the MARSI problem and to treat consequent health problems, such as skin infection and late skin regeneration.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP
Analyses of three oriented rock samples collected in the footwall of a major normal fault in Central Italy provide insights into textural properties of a lithified carbonate fault core. Data from ...lithified fault rocks are very rare and we document here the grain size distribution in a fault core at an unprecedented scale range, which complements already existing observations obtained from sieve, sedimentation and/or laser diffraction methods in loose deposits. X-ray powder diffraction analysis shows that the samples, which are located at a mutual distance of few tens of meters, are exclusively made of calcite. Mesoscopic samples and polished thin sections oriented normal to the fault plane have been analysed with high resolution scanner (HRS), transmission optical microscopy (TOM) and scanning electron microscopy in back-scattered mode (BS-SEM). Textural features of tectonised calcite crystals have been quantified using image analysis on digitalised photographs at magnifications from 1:1 to 9000:1, documenting size dimensions of grains from cm to sub-μm. The obtained D values have average values of 1.65 in 2D, overlapping with those independently obtained by box-counting methods in the core of the same fault by previous authors. Textures of calcite clasts in tectonised and lithified rocks can be appropriately quantified by the analytical protocols proposed here. This work represents the first multi-scale image analysis, from sub- μm to cm sizes, of the core portion of a normal fault that cut into carbonate rocks. Our study provides a template for similar investigations to be carried on other faults that will help to better understand the relations between fault textures and deformation processes.
•Rock surface cut normal to fault planes can be the key feature to compare different faulted samples.•Textures of tectonised calcite clasts can be statistically measured applying 2D imaging methods.•Quantitative textures of tectonised calcite clasts by TOM and SEM are virtually identical.•Grain-size distributions and log D vs log N plots can be attained using the analytical protocols.•The D-values obtained are in agreement with those obtained by the box counting methods.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP
Türkiye Cumhuriyeti'nin kuruluşu, ulusal tarihindeki önemli bir dönüm noktasıdır ve 100. yıl dönümü, Türk milletinin bağımsızlık, özgürlük ve çağdaşlık yolculuğunun zirvesini temsil etmektedir. Bu ...araştırma, Türkiye Cumhuriyeti'nin 100. yıl dönümü için bestelenen marşlar ve şarkıların genel bir incelemesini sunmayı amaçlamaktadır. Veriler, YouTube platformunda bulunan marşların ve şarkıların metinleri, besteleri ve icralarını içeren dokümanlar üzerinden toplanmış ve nitel bir araştırma yöntemi kullanılarak içerik analizi yapılmıştır. Eserlerin yükleme tarihlerine göre incelenmesi, özellikle 2023 yılının Ekim ayında dikkate değer bir artışın olduğunu göstermiştir. Çalışmada, eserlerin genellikle 2 ila 4 dakika arasında olduğu ve minör tonalitenin baskın olduğu tespit edilmiştir, özellikle la minör ve re minör tonlarının sıkça kullanıldığı belirlenmiştir. Ayrıca, eserlerin çoğunlukla 4/4'lük ölçüde olduğu gözlemlenmiştir, bu da eserlerin genel müzikal yapısına işaret etmektedir. Bu analiz, Türkiye'nin kültürel mirasının anlaşılması için önemli bir adım niteliği taşımaktadır. Marş ve şarkıların incelenen özellikleri, müzikal yapı, tonalite tercihleri ve ölçü birimleri üzerinden detaylı bir bakış sunarak, Türkiye'nin müzikal zenginliğini ve kültürel kimliğini anlamak adına gelecek araştırmalara rehberlik etme potansiyeline sahiptir.
Language students apply different strategies to learn a second language (L2), especially when they want to attain proficiency in reading. The aim of the present study was to revisit the validity of ...the Metacognitive Awareness of Reading Strategies Inventory (MARSI-R) among Saudi students using a new statistical method of confirmatory composite analysis (CCA). Past studies modeled MARSI-R as a common factor and applied confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) to test its validity. However, studies struggled to provide support for the validity of the MASRI-R with each suggesting different model. Instead, we treat the inventory as a composite, meaning that the items in MARSI-R form and define the inventory and not the other way around. We use partial least squared structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) to allow the composite model to be estimated. The results indicated that the constructs of MARSI-R are better operationalized as composites not common factors as supported through CCA exclusively. After confirming the nature of the inventory, we evaluated the extent to which MARSI-R is related to reading proficiency through the mediational mechanism of motivational intensity (i.e., learning effort). Descriptive statistics illustrated that problem-solving strategies are the most used strategy and that females used the strategies more frequently than their male counterparts. Most importantly, the structural model showed that metacognitive reading strategies only exert an indirect effect on reading proficiency, suggesting that the effect of strategies is mediated by motivational intensity (i.e., learning effort). Thus, motivational intensity seems to be mediator in the relationship between metacognitive reading strategies and reading proficiency. Finally, methodological and educational implications are provided.
İstiklâl Marşı’mızda Değerler TAY, Bayram; NALÇACI, Ahmet
Değerler Eğitimi Dergisi,
12/2020, Volume:
18, Issue:
40
Journal Article
Peer reviewed
Open access
Milli Mücadele, bir milletin topyekûn hareket ederek neleri yapılabileceğinin en somut göstergesidir. Bu sürecin önemli parçalarından birini İstiklâl Marşı’nın yazılması oluşturmaktadır. İstiklâl ...Marşı, Mehmet Akif Ersoy tarafından yazılmış ve 12 Mart 1921’de resmen Milli Marşımız olarak kabul edilmiştir. İstiklâl Marşı hem yazıldığı dönemin özelliklerini hem de Türk Milletinin özelliklerini içeren özel bir metindir. Bundan dolayı İstiklâl Marşı çeşitli açılardan akademik çalışmalara kaynaklık etmiştir. Bu çalışmada ise İstiklâl Marşı, Türk milletinin sahip olduğu değerler açısından ele alınmış ve çalışmada İstiklâl Marşı’nda yer alan değerlerin belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Bu amaç çerçevesinde araştırmada nitel araştırma modeli benimsenmiştir. Mehmet Akif Ersoy’un kaleme aldığı İstiklâl Marşı içerdiği değerler bakımından ele alınmış ve anlamaya çalışılmıştır. Bu bağlamda çalışmada doküman çözümleme tekniğinden yararlanılarak İstiklâl Marşı bir doküman olarak değerlendirilmiş ve araştırmada kullanılmıştır. Araştırmanın verilerinin analizinde MAXQDA 12 programından yararlanılmıştır. Doküman incelemesine göre İstiklâl Marşı’mızda başta bayrak sevgisi, bağımsızlık ve inanç olmak üzere cesaret, vatanseverlik, sorumluluk, şehitlik, özgürlük, milliyetçilik ve duyarlılık değerlerinin yer aldığı tespit edilmiştir. İstiklâl Marşı’nın her kıtasında değerlerin yer aldığı, hemen hemen her bir mısrasında da ya bir değerin yer aldığı ya da bir değerin betimlendiği anlaşılmıştır. Çünkü İstiklâl Marşı’nın her bir kıtasında en az iki değer ifade edilirken toplamda 66 yerde değerin geçtiği tespit edilmiştir. Bu özelliklerden hareketle İstiklâl Marşı’mızın sosyal bilgiler dersi başta olmak üzere diğer derslerde de değer eğitimi konularında kullanılması önerilebilir.
Turkish War of Independence is the most concrete and absolute indicator of what a nation can achieve when it acting collectively. Writing the Turkish National Anthem is an important part of this process. The Turkish National Anthem was penned by Mehmet Akif Ersoy and then became the national anthem on 12th March, 1921. It is a unique and special poem reflecting the peculiar properties of both the Turkish Nation and that period. As a result, the Turkish National Anthem has been studied by academicians from different aspects. This study aims to identify the values of the Turkish Nation in the light of the values addressed in the Turkish National Anthem. For this purpose, qualitative research model has been used in this study. The Turkish National Anthem, which was written by Mehmet Akif Ersoy, is studied to have a better insight into it with respect to the values addressed. In this context, the Turkish National Anthem is regarded as a document and studied accordingly with the document analysis technique. MAXQDA 12 software is used to analyze the data of the study. According to results of the document analysis, the values identified in the Turkish National Anthem are primarily love of flag, independence and belief, as well as courage, patriotism, responsibility, martyrization, freedom, nationalism and sensitivity. It is seen that in there some values are contained in each quatrain of it, and also almost in each line there is a refrence or depiction of value. In each quatrain, at least two values are touched on, totally 66 places in the entire anthem where values are mentioned. Relying on these aspects, the Turkish National Anthem can be recommended to be used in social studies lesson as well as in other lessons to teach the values.
Medical adhesive-related skin injuries (MARSI) are common in hospitalised neonates.
To (i) identify adhesives and removal techniques, (ii) develop and distribute neonatal MARSI resources, and (iii) ...evaluate the resources.
A participatory action research cycle was conducted from 2017 to 2019 to identify practices and recommendations, establish MARSI elements, develop and evaluate resources with Australian Neonatal Nurses.
Twenty-three different adhesives, six peer-reviewed publications and 18 product information sources were reviewed. A poster with adhesive base and top layers, application and removal recommendations outlined, and 10 video tutorials were produced. Survey responses from 223 nurses revealed the definition of MARSI and risks were poorly known. Resource awareness was limited despite widespread promotion but were reported as useful.
To address neonatal MARSI, nursing clinicians need to understand adhesive base layers. Quick reference resources are now available but further evaluation is needed on MARSI and evidence utilisation in neonatal practice.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP
The research investigated the influence of metacognitive awareness on receptive skills in higher education students. Moreover, participants’ level of metacognitive awareness was also taken into ...account. The research utilized a survey in the form of Metacognitive Awareness Listening Questionnaire (MALQ) and Metacognitive Awareness Reading Strategy Inventory (MARSI) and test of listening and reading comprehension to collect the data and multiple regression to analyze it. The participants were 59 English educational students in the first semester of a public university in Yogyakarta. The finding shows there is a significant influence of metacognitive awareness on receptive skills. However, there is the only significant influence of metacognitive awareness on reading skills. In contrast, there is no significant influence of metacognitive awareness on listening skills. Most of the students are categorized at a high level of metacognitive awareness in listening and reading. However, they have relatively poor scores in the D and E categories for both listening and reading comprehension tests. The only skill which has a significant influence on metacognitive awareness is reading skills. Therefore, the findings show that there is no significant influence of metacognitive awareness on listening skills. However, there is a significant influence of metacognitive awareness on reading skills. Further research needs to be conducted to reveal the different influences between reading and listening skills related to metacognitive awareness, as found in the research.
Medical adhesives are used to secure wound care dressings and other critical devices to the skin. While high peel-strength adhesives provide more secure skin attachment, they are difficult to remove ...from the skin and are correlated with medical adhesive-related skin injuries (MARSI), including skin tears, and an increased risk of infection. Lower-adhesion medical tapes may be applied to avoid MARSI, leading to dressing or device dislodgement and further medical complications.
This paper reports on the clinical testing of a new, high-adhesion medical tape, ThermoTape (University of Washington, US), designed for low skin trauma upon release. ThermoTape was benchmarked with Tegaderm (3M, US) and Kind Removal Tape (KRT) (3M, US). All three tapes were applied to both the left and right forearm of healthy volunteers and were removed 24 hours later-the right arm without applying heat and the left arm by applying a heat pack for 30 seconds before removal. Tape wear, self-reported pain (0-10 scale) and skin redness 15 minutes after removal were recorded.
This was a 53-subject comparative, single-blind clinical trial. There were clinically and statistically significant results supporting reduced pain during removal of ThermoTape with warming, with an average 58% decrease in pain, paired with a statistically significant 45% reduction in skin redness (p<0.01 for both values). In contrast, there were statistically insignificant differences in pain and redness for removal of Tegaderm and KRT with warming. ThermoTape after warming, in comparison with Tegaderm without warming, produced a reduced pain score of >1 on the 0-10 Wong-Baker/Face pain scale, which was statistically significant (p<0.01).
These results provide compelling evidence that warming ThermoTape prior to removal can reduce pain and injury when compared with standard medical tapes. This could allow for stronger attachment of wound care dressings and critical medical devices while reducing cases of MARSI.
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