The present invention (Vibraharp bag, LT6937B) is a keyboard bag for a percussion keyboard instrument (vibraphone, marimba, xylophone, or the like) for the safe operation and transportation of the ...keyboard, which is the most essential and expensive component of this class instruments. Unlike known bags for a similar purpose, this bag uses special internal key tabs which, when placed on the keyboard, inserts into the gaps between adjacent keys, thus separating them and preventing them from coming into mutual contact, under various operating and transport conditions. This bag helps to protect the keyboard of the instrument from unwanted physical impact and damage, and allows for more convenient and efficient mounting and unmounting of the keyboard during assembly and disassembly of the instrument.
Šis išradimas (LT6937B) – tai perkusinio klavišinio instrumento (vibrafono, marimbos, ksilofono, ar analogiško) klaviatūros dėklas, skirtas saugiai eksploatuoti ir transportuoti klaviatūrą, kuri yra esminis ir brangiausias šios klasės instrumentų komponentas. Skirtingai nuo žinomų panašios paskirties dėklų, šio dėklo konstrukcijoje yra panaudoti specialūs vidiniai klavišų skirtukai, kurie, uždėjus dėklą ant klaviatūros, įsiterpia į tarpus tarp gretimų klavišų, taip atskirdami juos ir neleisdami jiems susiliesti tarpusavyje, įvairiomis eksploatacijos ir transportavimo aplinkybėmis. Šis dėklas padeda apsaugoti instrumento klaviatūrą nuo nepageidaujamo fizinio poveikio bei sugadinimo, ir leidžia patogiau bei efektyviau sumontuoti ir išmontuoti klaviatūrą, instrumento surinkimo ir išardymo metu.
Tonal consonance theory assigns a level of dissonance to any pair of pitches played simultaneously. This theory connects timbre with tuning and proposes that tunings must use local minima of ...dissonance. The timbre of the marimba de chonta produces a broad minimum, a sharp maximum, and some sharp minima of dissonance. Here we show that the combined effect of the traditional tunings and the musical practices of this instrument only allows the use of the broad minimum, leading to special features of this music as a transposition practice that keeps geometrical distances instead of musical intervals.
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•Simple model provides an intuitive understanding of the vibro-acoustic phenomena.•Coupling dynamics dependent on three dimensionless parameters.•Resonators catalyze the conversion of vibrational ...energy into audible sound.•Proposed model enables the design of instruments with multi-modal coupling.•Experiments validate realism of the model, both qualitatively and quantitatively.
In some mallet percussion instruments, like vibraphones and marimbas, acoustical resonators are placed under the tuned bars to enhance acoustic radiation. Despite its wide use in commercial instruments, the vibro-acoustic interaction between the tuned bars and their acoustic resonators has not been studied extensively, and previous modeling attempts often neglect important aspects of the coupling dynamics. This work presents a physical model describing the two-way vibro-acoustic interaction between a vibrating beam and an acoustic resonator. The proposed formulation leads to a system composed of a set of mechanical oscillators coupled to a set of acoustical oscillators, representing bar and resonator modes, respectively. The simplicity of the proposed model provides an intuitive understanding of the physics occurring in real instruments and show how specific design parameters will affect their behavior. The dynamics of the system are analyzed through energy balance, time-domain simulations and eigenvalue analysis, revealing a number of interesting features and highlighting three dimensionless parameters: the ratio of frequencies and quality factors, as well as a coupling “strength” coefficient, dependent on the bar-resonator distance, the placement of the resonator along the bar length, bar and resonator mode shapes, amongst others. The proposed model is also shown to be a useful tool for the design of instruments optimized for multi-modal coupling, where several resonator modes are tuned to bar frequencies. Finally, experimental results are presented to validate various aspects of the proposed model and demonstrate its capacity to emulate real instruments, both qualitatively and quantitatively.
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4.
Das hölzerne Gelächter Mathelitsch, Leopold; Verovnik, Ivo
Physik in unserer Zeit,
20/May , Volume:
52, Issue:
3
Journal Article
Open access
Zusammenfassung
Ein Spielzeug‐Xylophon ist meist das erste Instrument unserer Kindheit – wenn auch mit Metallplättchen als Klangerzeuger. Dabei bedeutet das Wort Xylophon im Griechischen „Holzklang“. ...Xylophone und Marimbas gab es bereits in der Antike. Instrumente mit Metallplättchen zeigen ein signifikant anderes Schwingungsverhalten als solche mit Holzplättchen. Deren Klang lässt sich durch Feilen an den richtigen Stellen in einem weiten Bereich abstimmen.
Ein Spielzeug‐Xylophon ist meist das erste Instrument unserer Kindheit. Xylophone und Marimbas gab es bereits in der Antike. Ihre Klangeigenschaften basieren auf einem interessanten Schwingungsverhalten.
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Observing different works referring to the percussive repertoire (whether solo, chamber music or even symphonic) we realize that, in many cases, the impossibility of changing mallets in certain ...musical stretches involving multi-percussion setups compromises the sound of certain instruments. By conducting a study on patents and trademarks regarding mallet systems that allow small suspended instruments to be played without the need to hold it and their specific mallets, it was possible to see improvements and innovative ideas for this type of performance. Morais e Stasi afirmam que Zyklus Nr.9 "tem uma relaçao direta com a disposiçao circular ... e pelo tratamento complexo que Stockhausen deu aos eventos sucessivos e aos conjuntos instrumentais inter-relacionados" (MORAIS e STASI, 2010, p.72-73). É bem verdade que Bartók foi pioneiro no uso do pedal nos tímpanos mas, regra geral, os instrumentos de percussao em sua obra sao empregados comi um modus omerandi tradicionalmente mais orquestral.
The Hydrologic Engineering Center Hydrologic Modelling System (HEC-HMS) model was applied to simulate runoff in the ten gauged and ungauged Upper Manyame subcatchments in Zimbabwe. Remote sensing and ...Geographic Information System techniques were used to determine the geometric and hydrologic parameters required for estimating model parameters. The Snyder Unit Hydrograph method was used for ungauged subcatchment simulations based on parameter transfer from gauged subcatchments. The Marimba and Mukuvisi subcatchments were considered as the gauged subcatchments based on data completeness for the simulation period (2004–2010). Before extrapolating the calibrated model setup to eight ungauged subcatchments, the feasibility of model parameter transferability was tested, using the proxy – catchment approach and evaluated using the Nash Sutcliffe (NSE) and Relative Volume Error (RVE) criterion. Results showed that the model successfully predicted gauged catchment runoff and peakflows for the calibration (Marimba NSE = 68%, RVE = 5.8%; Mukuvisi NSE = 64%, RVE = −8.9%) and validation (Marimba NSE = 61%, RVE = 8.1%; Mukuvisi NSE = 57%, RVE = 9.9%) periods. The study demonstrates the suitability of HEC-HMS for continuous runoff simulation in a complex watershed with numerous subcatchments and channel reaches. The ungauged subcatchments contribute to 51% of Upper Manyame Catchment's runoff. Ruwa and Lake Chivero subcatchments had the highest ungauged subcatchment contribution to Upper Manyame Catchment runoff (19% and 15% respectively). This work will have a significant contribution for the future development of water resources programs in Upper Manyame Catchment in particular and in other data-scarce catchments.
•HEC-HMS applied to simulate runoff in Upper Manyame sub-catchment from 2004 to 2010.•The Snyder Unit Hydrograph method, the basis of ungauged catchment simulations.•Feasibility of model parameter transferability tested using the proxy catchment approach.•HEC-HMS successfully predicted gauged subcatchment runoff and peakflows.•Ungauged catchments contribute significantly to Upper Manyame Catchment's runoff.
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This study highlights the potential benefits of applying physico-mental strategies from the Japanese martial art Ki-aikido in the general approach to teaching and playing percussion instruments. Two ...groups of percussion students played an exercise on marimba before and after either a Ki-aikido or a control instruction. Between-group Fourier analyses were robust and showed a significant effect of the Ki-aikido intervention, indicated by a change in the harmonic distribution in the instrument's timbre. By contrast, subjective ratings by marimba experts were less consistent and showed no effect of the intervention on any parameter. More research into the field is encouraged.
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8.
Music Received Abromeit, Kathleen
Notes (Music Library Association),
09/2023, Volume:
80, Issue:
1
Journal Article
Peer reviewed
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As religiões de matriz africana foram e ainda são intensamente estudadas buscando compreender sobre o seu funcionamento, as relações construídas entre os fiéis, assim como entre os fiéis e as ...entidades. Essa sociedade, enquanto sociedade não-europeia, é estudada com base nos conhecimentos eurocêntricos, o que torna possível compreender as formas de abordagem do conhecimento universal sobre o Candomblé, colocando assim, o conhecimento Europeu como nativo. Dessa forma, sigo o caminho proposto pela antropóloga Marimba Ani, para pensar a roça de Candomblé e a herança africana, a partir das epistemologias oriundas do terreiro. Utilizo a poesia do ogan Wesley Correia, os pensadores negros em diáspora e os africanos enquanto uma encruzilhada de caminhos possíveis a ser construído em diálogo com o romance “O mundo se despedaça”, de Chinua Achebe para enriquecer a discussão de visão-de-mundo e produção de sentido.
Palavras-chave: Marimba Ani; encruzilhada; nativo; conhecimento universal; Wesley Correia.
The present study examined spatial accuracy of mallet endpoints in a marimba performance context. Trained percussionists performed two- (i.e., Experiment 1) and four-mallet (i.e., Experiment 2) ...excerpts in three tempo conditions including slow, intermediate, and fast. Motion capture was utilized to gather data of upper-limb and mallet movements, as well as to compute velocities of the upper-limb joints. Mallet spatial accuracy was assessed by comparing mallet endpoints to a visual target positioned on the marimba. It was hypothesized that mallet spatial accuracy would be reduced as tempo condition increased, with effects on joint kinematics potentially revealing sensorimotor mechanisms underlying optimal sound production in marimba. Across both experiments, mallet accuracy was reduced as tempo condition increased. Interestingly, velocity variability in the elbows, wrists, and hands increased as mallet accuracy decreased. Such a pattern of effects suggested that sound production in marimba is suboptimal at fast relative to slow tempi. In addition, the velocity variability effects highlight the impact of motor planning mechanisms on sound production. Overall, the results shed new light on sensorimotor control in percussion which can be leveraged to enhance the training of percussionists.
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