Infection with Mycoplasma bovis has been identified as a growing threat in dairy industries worldwide and there is an urgent need for an inexpensive and accurate herd-level screening tool to identify ...herds that have been exposed to M. bovis. This study aimed to evaluate the use of the MilA ELISA for testing bulk tank milk (BTM) samples for antibodies against M. bovis and estimate a suitable cut-off and diagnostic sensitivity (DSe) and specificity (DSp) for this assay. An optimal cut-off was then applied for investigating the geographical and seasonal distribution of infection with M. bovis in Australia. A total of 5554 BTM samples from 2683 dairy herds were collected during March, August and December 2017. BTM samples were tested in the MilA ELISA and a cut-off of 29 antibody units (AU) was estimated to be optimal using Bayesian latent class analysis which makes no assumption about the true disease status of herds under investigation. At this cut-off, the DSe and DSp were estimated to be 96.6% (95% highest probability density HPD interval: 87.0, 99.8) and 94.2% (95% HPD: 89.9, 97.4), respectively. The diagnostic specifications were found to vary markedly with stage of the production cycle, suggesting that targeted sampling was needed to maximize accuracy. We also found distinct differences in the apparent prevalence of M. bovis in different dairying regions, as well as seasonal variation. The highest apparent prevalence of M. bovis was observed in samples collected in March and an overall drop in the proportion of positive herds was seen from March to December. Overall, this study provides insights into the dynamics of BTM antibodies against M. bovis in Australian dairy herds and how the MilA ELISA can be applied for bulk tank milk testing.
•Characteristics of the MilA ELISA were evaluated.•Apparent prevalence of M. bovis infection varied in different sampling months and different geographic regions in Australia.•Study has enhanced our understanding of the prevalence of infection with M. bovis in Australian dairy herds.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP
Los empresarios evalúan la gestión de sus negocios y toman decisiones utilizando indicadores financieros. Los cuales pueden sufrir variaciones debido a cambios normativos. El International Accounting ...Standards Board cambió el tratamiento contable de los arrendamientos emitiendo la NIIF 16, la cual se empezó a aplicar el 2019. El objetivo de este estudio realizado en empresas retailers, constructoras e inmobiliarias y mineras, cotizadas en el Mercado Integrado Latinoamericano (MILA), es evaluar cual ha sido el efecto de la NIIF 16 en los indicadores financieros de rentabilidad y endeudamiento. En este sentido, el contenido de los estados financieros del año 2022, los cuales se encuentran publicados en los portales web oficiales de las entidades supervisoras del mercado financiero de cada país que conforma el MILA, fue analizado. En total, se utilizó la información de cincuenta y nueve empresas para mediante una prueba de correlación evaluar la relación entre el efecto de la NIIF 16 en la rentabilidad y el endeudamiento. Los resultados evidencian que existe una relación directamente proporcional entre el efecto de la aplicación de la NIIF 16 sobre la rentabilidad y el endeudamiento. Este estudio expande la literatura de los efectos que la NIIF 16 tiene sobre los indicadores financieros.
The population of Mila is increasing and local authorities are looking for new lands to develop the town and provide housing. However, the soil of these lands is unstable and requires detailed ...studies to serve as a foundation. This work presents the geotechnical and the geophysical characteristics of the Marechau soils, which forms the southeast extension of the Mila town. To provide an idea about the soil condition, to choose the type of adequate constructions and to make decision for building it, we adopted a geotechnical approach, where we analysed the soils by carrying out core drilling tests, dynamic penetration tests and the laboratory tests. We also, employed the geophysical approach in determining the electrical resistivity so as to map the depth of bedrock roof. Furthermore, we conducted a comprehensive hydrogeological study, monitoring precipitation and the piezometric level of the aquifer over a period of 200 days, and determined the flow direction. The core drilling test results indicate a clayey soil with limestone blocks. The dynamic penetration test show two categories of soil. The laboratory tests show that the materials analysed are very plastic, over-consolidated and medium to very compressible. They have a medium to high swelling potential and medium amount of aggressiveness to concrete. Besides, the tomography results also showed a single layer land (clay) with massive rocks embedded in it. The piezometric monitoring reveals the presence of two aquifer systems. The first is superficial and the second is deep. They don’t recharge directly after the rain falls and the groundwater flows in the direction of the slope. All the results indicate that solutions must be found for soil movements in the area under study before urbanization takes place. The combination of these results with the location, land morphology, tectonic activity, and seismotectonic aspects suggest that the area presents a high risk, and its urbanization requires rigorous and mandatory precautionary measures.
Mixed carbonate-siliciclastic rocks were particularly widespread during the Furongian (late Cambrian), a critical time interval marked by biotic turnovers, extinction events and carbon cycle ...perturbations. In this context, the Zagros Basin (SW Iran) is a key area for the study of this time interval due to the well-exposed mixed carbonate-siliciclastic successions. Nevertheless, these are still poorly constrained from a sedimentological point of view. The current study aims to contribute to the palaeoenvironmental reconstruction of the Zagros Basin during the Furongian through high-resolution facies and microfacies analysis of the Tang-e-Ilbeyk section. The latter includes, in ascending order, the upper Mila C Member and Ilbeyk Formation. The facies and microfacies analysis recognized six facies associations, representing different settings of a mixed carbonate-siliciclastic ramp at the north-eastern Gondwanan margin. The vertical stacking pattern of these facies associations revealed five medium-scale Transgressive-Regressive cycles, superimposed by larger-scale sequences. In particular, during the latest Miaolingian (formerly late middle Cambrian) to early Furongian, a climate change from arid to humid conditions caused a major regressive event with the progradation of clastic shorelines and the following pollution and drowning of the Mila C Member's carbonate factory. The latter was replaced by a storm-dominated siliciclastic shelf (Ilbeyk Formation) that, throughout middle/late Furongian, experienced a large-scale transgressive event, culminating with a maximum flooding interval. A significant forced regression occurred in the latest Furongian when shallow water conditions were re-established (uppermost Ilbeyk Formation). The palaeoenvironmental reconstruction of this study allowed correlation with other coeval depositional events at regional (Arabian plate) and global (Laurentia and Baltica) scales, contributing to new constraints for the lower Palaeozoic evolution of north-eastern Gondwana.
•Sedimentological characterization of the late Cambrian Tang-e-Ilbeyk section•Facies and microfacies of the Mila C Member and Ilbeyk Formation•Depositional system referred to a mixed carbonate-siliciclastic ramp•The role of palaeoclimate in the drowning of Mila C carbonate factory
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP
Aims
The aim of this study was to assess a phage‐displayed MilA protein of Myc. bovis in an indirect ELISA for the detection of Myc. bovis antibodies in milk samples.
Methods and Results
The desired ...sequence of milA gene was synthesized and cloned into pCANTAB‐F12 phagemid vector. The expression of the MilA on the phage surface was confirmed by Western blotting. The recombinant phage was used in the development of an indirect ELISA to detect Myc. bovis antibodies in milk samples. There was a significant agreement between the results of phage‐based ELISA and recombinant GST‐MilA ELISA for the detection of Myc. bovis antibodies in milk samples.
Conclusions
The inexpensive and convenient phage‐based ELISA can be used instead of recombinant protein/peptide ELISA as an initial screening of Myc. bovis‐associated mastitis.
Significance and Impact of Study
Mastitis associated with Myc. bovis is a continuous and serious problem in the dairy industry. Sero‐monitoring of Myc. bovis infection cases are one of the key factors for surveillance of the infections in dairy farms. Despite the existence of some commercially serological assays for Myc. bovis antibodies, they have some limitations regarding their sensitivity and availability. The development of accurate diagnosis tools could contribute to control programmes of Myc. bovis‐associated mastitis in the dairy herds.
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BFBNIB, FZAB, GIS, IJS, KILJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, SBCE, SBMB, UL, UM, UPUK
Ovaj rad propituje pojavu enformela u hrvatskoj umjetnosti kroz rakurse rodnih teorija i problematizira razloge zbog kojih je prisutnost umjetnica vrlo mala ili gotovo zanemariva unutar enformelne ...apstrakcije. Umjetnost visokog modernizma je općenito u svijetu i u Hrvatskoj pretežito viđena kao „muška” ili maskulina umjetnost. Vrlo mali broj žena se na našim prostorima bavio apstraktnom umjetnošću u vrijeme pojave enformela, a još manji broj priklanjao radikalnijim materičkim istraživanjima i destrukciji forme, stoga postoji i relativno oskudan korpus radova hrvatskih likovnih umjetnica unutar enformelne poetike. Istraživanje nastoji (re)valorizirati doprinos likovnih umjetnica hrvatskom enformelu krajem 50-ih i početkom 60-ih godina 20. stoljeća. Pored djela Biserke Baretić, koja je jedna od rijetkih poznatih i priznatih hrvatskih slikarica enformelne orijentacije, među nekolicinom autorica ističe se Mila Kumbatović sa svojim strukturalnim slikama, a u radu se obrađuju i dva gotovo nepoznata enformelna djela vinkovačke likarice Đurđene Zaluški Haramije iz 1961. godine, kao i eksperimentalni radovi kiparice Vere Fischer nastali u razdoblju od 1958. do 1960. godine.
The creation and performance of contemporary opera in the 21st century reflect the main ideas of contemporary
humanistic trend of thought. Contemporary opera is increasingly deepening in ...international cooperation, cross-
cultural artistic expression, global exploration of local social issues, and artists' social participation. Today is a
new humanistic era for contemporary opera and other art forms. The artistic and humanistic languages of different
nationalities and cultures communicate and dialogue on more diverse artistic platforms. Therefore, the creation of
realistic opera which reflects the diversity of Chinese humanistic values and the real development of Chinese
society is particularly important today. The creation and performance of contemporary opera in Hong Kong is also
a representative of the development of Chinese opera with remarkable regional characteristics. Taking ‘Mila’’, an
opera commissioned by the Asia Society Hong Kong Center, as an example, this article analyzes the realistic
librettural themes, the music composition of contemporary scenes, and the dramatic presentation of life materials
in the work, so as to discover Hong Kong's social sound landscape on the contemporary opera stage.
Metformin toxicity is a rare but serious condition that carries with it a high rate of morbidity and mortality.
This review highlights the pearls and pitfalls of metformin toxicity, including ...diagnosis, initial resuscitation, and management in the emergency department (ED) based on current evidence.
Metformin is a common medication used for treatment of diabetes mellitus. Metformin toxicity is a spectrum of conditions that may be differentiated into three subgroups: metformin-associated lactic acidosis (MALA), metformin-induced lactic acidosis (MILA), and metformin-unrelated lactic acidosis (MULA). MILA is a condition found predominantly in patients chronically taking metformin or those with large acute overdoses. Conversely, MULA occurs in patients on metformin but with a critical illness stemming from a separate cause. MALA is rare but the most severe form, with mortality rates that reach 50%. Differentiating these entities is difficult in the ED setting without obtaining metformin levels. Patients with metformin toxicity present with nonspecific gastrointestinal symptoms and vital sign abnormalities. Laboratory analysis will reveal a high lactate with anion gap metabolic acidosis. Patients presenting with elevated lactate levels in the setting of metformin use should be considered at risk for the most severe form, MALA. Patients with MALA require aggressive treatment with intravenous fluids, treatment of any concomitant condition, and early consideration of hemodialysis, along with specialist consultation such as nephrology and toxicology.
An understanding of metformin toxicity can assist emergency clinicians in diagnosing and managing this potentially deadly disease.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP
