Too often, Supreme Court opinions raise more questions than they answer. Those of us who painstakingly parse the Justices' writings for insights often lament the explanations not offered. It would be ...so helpful if the Court's opinions were more like law review articles, exhaustively articulating all the alternative lines of reasoning, surveying the counterarguments, justifying the superiority of the analytical path chosen, and perhaps throwing in a literature review as a bonus (thus giving bragging rights to the law professors whose work was cited). Sometimes we get those opinions, and then we criticize the shortfalls of their reasoning as well, and we complain about how longwinded the Justices have become. Response to Mila Sohoni, The Supreme Court, 2021 Term — Comment: The Major Questions Quartet, 136 HARV. L. REV. 262, 267–90 (2022)
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DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, PRFLJ, SAZU, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
A four-month survey was carried out to study the incidence and intensity of Ixodidae on cattle, goats, and sheep brought to the slaughterhouse in the municipality of Tadjenanet, in north-eastern ...Algeria. Of the 448 animals examined, 67 (14.95 %) were infected by one or more ticks. Two hundred sixty-two ticks were collected, and nine species grouped under two genera were inventoried: Rhipicephalus spp. (79.77%) and Hyalomma spp. (20.23%). The tick species collected included Hyalomma anatolicum, Hyalomma excavatum, Hyalomma impeltatum, Hyalomma lusitanicum, Hyalomma marginatum, Hyalomma scupence, Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) annulatus, Rhipicephalus bursa, and Rhipicephalus sanguineus. This is the first time that Hyalomma impeltatum have been reported in the Mila region. The most abundant species was Rhipicephalus bursa (40.84%). The present study provides primary data on the status of ticks in domestic ruminants in the province of Mila
Separating geochemical anomalies from background values is crucial for the processing of geochemical data. In the present study, a workflow for identifying geochemical anomalies was constructed by ...using the direct sampling algorithm of multi-point geostatistics, the maximum entropy model, and local singularity analysis. The smoothing effect and the uncertainty of the unsampled point value in the traditional interpolation method were taken into consideration in this workflow. Based on the statistic of singular exponential distribution of each element with equal probability, the geochemical anomaly probability distribution of each element was obtained (Ag、Cd、Cu、Pb、Zn). Based on the five anomaly probability distributions, the maximum entropy model was used to establish a comprehensive perspective of geochemical anomaly uncertainty evaluation. The validity of the method was verified by analyzing geochemical data of stream sediment samples from the Mila Mountain region in Tibet. The results showed that the prospectivity map of copper deposits generated by the maximum entropy model can effectively link the probability of multivariate geochemical anomalies with the known positions of copper deposits and greatly increase the precision of the potential exploration areas for copper deposits.
•Geochemical anomalies identified by direct sampling algorithm and maximum entropy model.•Direct sampling algorithm tackles smoothing effect and uncertainty of missing points.•Maximum entropy model effective in fusing multiple geochemical anomalies information.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP
Purpose
It has been argued in the literature that structural changes in the financial markets, such as integration, have the potential to cause herding behavior or correlated behavioral patterns in ...traders. The purpose of this study is to investigate whether there is any financial herding behavior in the Latin American Integrated Market (MILA), a transnational stock market composed of Chile, Peru, Colombia and Mexico stock exchanges and whether there is any ARCH or GARCH effect in the herding behavior models.
Design/methodology/approach
This study uses the modified return dispersion approach on daily index return data. The sample period is from January 03, 2002 to May 07, 2019. The data are obtained from the MILA database. To count time-varying volatilities in herding models, the authors run ARCH family regression with GARCH (1,1) settings. Hwang and Salmon (2004) model is used as a robustness test.
Findings
The authors found strong herding behavior under the general market conditions and moderate and partial herding behavior under some specified markets circumstances, such as bull and bear markets and high-low volatility states. Moreover, the pre-MILA period exhibits more herding behavior than the post-MILA period. The empirical results show that most of the ARCH and GARCH effects are statistically significant, implying that the past information of stock returns and market volatility significantly affect the volatility of following periods, which can also explain the formation of herding tendency among investors. Finally, the results of the robustness tests (Hwang and Salmon, 2004) confirm herding in all periods, except full sample period for Mexico and post-MILA period for Mexico and Colombia.
Research limitations/implications
This study investigates the herding behavior in the MILA market in terms of market return, volatility and timing. A limitation of the paper is that the authors have not included other factors on the formation of herding behavior, such as macroeconomic factors, effects of regional or international markets and policy influences. The authors will explore the issue in the extension of the paper.
Practical implications
As MILA is the first virtual integration of stock exchanges without merging, the study provides useful findings and draws good inferences of herding behavior in the MILA market in terms of market return, volatility and timing which are useful for academics, investors and policymakers in their investment and decision makings.
Social implications
The paper provides useful findings and draws good inferences of herding behavior in the MILA market in terms of market return, volatility and timing which are not only useful in practical implications, but also in social implications.
Originality/value
This study contributes to the herding literature by examining four different hypotheses in respect of the unique case of transnational stock exchange without fusions or corporate mergers, where each market maintains its independence and regulatory autonomy. The authors also contribute to the literature by including both ARCH and GARCH effects in the herding behavioral models along the Hwang and Salmon (2004) approach.
Importar fertilizantes para elaborar las mezclas apropiadas con destino a la agricultura colombiana, es el negocio de la multinacional Yara, que lleva 20 años en Colombia a través de su planta en ...Cartagena. La compañía acaba de ser autorizada para realizar una inversión de 21 millones de dólares, que se suma a otro proyecto que 26 millones de dólares que está en ejecución. Portafolio habló sobre el tema con Álvaro González, gerente de Producción en Yara Cartagena y con Federico de Vries, director de Proyectos y de Cadena de Logística y Suministros de la misma compañía, en Latinoamérica, quienes coinciden en señalar que el plan de inversiones se justifica en el alto potencial que tiene el país en materia de desarrollo agropecuario. Los recursos se invertirán en ampliación de la planta y las bodegas, así como en el puerto Buenavista, ubicado cerca a las instalaciones de la empresa, sobre el mar Caribe. "Nuestros productos están dirigidos a los cultivos más importantes del país, tales como café, palma, pastos, banano, arroz, flores y muchos otros más. Se trata de abonos granulados, no foliares", afirma Federico de Vries. "Esta inversión obedece a un proyecto de largo plazo, que inició con la adquisición del Grupo FDE el año pasado, por un 420 millones de dólares, sostiene Álvaro Gonzalez, gerente de producción.
První kniha Kosmovy Kroniky Čechů vykazuje výraznou anomálii. Kosmas porušil kontinuální chronologickou kompozici první knihy a při líčení počátků christianizace Čech ve 2. polovině 9. století vložil ...mezi data knížete Bořivoje I. a jeho ženy Ludmily rozsáhlou epizodu o smrti luckého knížete Vlastislava. Je možné, že nejstarší český kronikář nepřímo – ale vědomě – upozornil na pravý původ kněžny a pozdější světice Ludmily, o kterém se dodnes vedou spory.
Sand flies (Diptera: Psychodidae) transmit several Leishmania (Kinetoplastida: Trypanosomatidae) species, which cause leishmaniasis, a significant public health concern in Algeria. We compared sand ...fly species abundance and composition among different biotopes (urban, peri-urban, rural areas), bioclimatic zones (humid, sub-humid, semi-arid), and elevation ranges. We also used the additive partitioning of beta diversity to test whether the variation in sand fly composition among biotopes, bioclimatic zones, and elevation ranges is due to species turnover or community subsetting. In total, 7,478 specimens were captured; of which, 7,162 (51.5% males vs. 48.5% females) belong to eight species: Phlebotomus perniciosus Newstead, 1911 (77.4% of the total captured specimens), Phlebotomus perfiliewi Parrot, 1930 (14.6%), Phlebotomus longicuspis Nitzulescu, 1911 (5.9%), Phlebotomus papatasi Scopoli, 1786 (<1%), Phlebotomus sergenti Parrot, 1917 (<1%) and Phlebotomus chadlii Rioux, Juminer et Gibily 1966 (<1%), Sergentomyia minuta Adler et Theodor, 1927 (1%), and Sergentomyia fallax Parrot, 1921 (<1%). Sand fly total abundance showed negative correlations with altitude and was significantly higher in rural areas. Sandfly community composition was significantly different between rural and urban/peri-urban areas. The additive partitioning of beta diversity showed that 71.4% of the compositional dissimilarity among elevation ranges and bioclimates was due to sand fly species turnover, and 28.6% resulted from nestedness. However, the variation in sand fly composition among different biotopes was mainly due to community nestedness. Findings from this study help define the risk of Leishmania transmission and develop methods for vector control in Mila province and Algeria as a whole.
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