Presenting state-of-the-art research advancements, Porous Media: Applications in Biological Systems and Biotechnology explores innovative approaches to effectively apply existing porous media ...technologies to biomedical applications. In each peer-reviewed chapter, world-class scientists and engineers collaborate to address significant problems and d
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•The potential of modified polymethyl methacrylate to capture carbon dioxide was investigated.•Modified polymethyl methacrylate containing a triphenyltin moiety has the largest ...surface area.•The modified polymethyl methacrylate efficiently captured carbon dioxide.
This study evaluates the potential of modified polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) materials, which incorporate organotin moieties pendant on the polymeric chains, as media for carbon dioxide storage. The PMMA containing a triphenyltin moiety has the largest specific surface area (SBET=11.618 m2/g) in comparison to the polymers containing tributyl (5.287 m2/g) and trimethyl (4.881 m2/g) residues. The PMMA with the triphenyltin moiety proved to be the most efficient material in capturing carbon dioxide (34.8 cm3/cm, 6.8 wt%), which is attributed to its relatively high surface area and pore volume and diameter compared to the others.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP
A porous medium is composed of a solid matrix and its geometrical complement: the pore space. This pore space can be occupied by one or more fluids. The understanding of transport phenomena in porous ...media is a challenging intellectual task. This book provides a detailed analysis of the aspects required for the understanding of many experimental techniques in the field of porous media transport phenomena. It is aimed at students or engineers who may not be looking specifically to become theoreticians in porous media, but wish to integrate knowledge of porous media with their previous scientific culture, or who may have encountered them when dealing with a technological problem. While avoiding the details of the more mathematical and abstract developments of the theories of macroscopization, the author gives as accurate and rigorous an idea as possible of the methods used to establish the major laws of macroscopic behavior in porous media. He also illustrates the constitutive laws and equations by demonstrating some of their classical applications. Priority is to put forward the constitutive laws in concrete circumstances without going into technical detail. This second volume in the three-volume series focuses on transport and transfer from homogeneous phases to porous media, and isothermal transport in the pore space.
Slippery when wetted Nosonovsky, Michael
Nature (London),
09/2011, Volume:
477, Issue:
7365
Journal Article
Peer reviewed
... by choosing lubricants that are immiscible with both water and oils, the authors prepared SLIPS that have highly promising omniphobic properties. ... this is what happens with the SLIPS - when ...the porous material in SLIPS is damaged by wear or impact, a combination of effects (chemical potential, concentration and pressure gradients) facilitates the lubricant's transport to the surface, restoring the materials' self-lubricating and self-cleaning properties.
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DOBA, IJS, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
Estimating singular pressure losses for multi-stage obstacles in pressurized hydraulic ducts is a challenging task. An experimental study was conducted in a closed-loop hydrodynamic tunnel to ...characterize the pressure losses of a system consisting of a porous fibrous foam placed in front of a bar rack. The pressure losses of different foam–rack configurations were measured over a range of inlet velocities in order to highlight the mutual influence of their characteristics on the flow. The interdependence between the two stages has been evidenced by both the experimental results and additional numerical simulations using RANS (Reynolds-Averaged Navier–Stokes Equations) simulations with a k-ω SST turbulent closure model. The pressure losses were first modeled using two approaches based on the assumption of either independence or full dependence between the stages. The respective advantages and limitations of these approaches led to an improved analytical formula that considers the transition of the flow from the porous foam to the bar rack. By taking into account an empirical transition factor, the proposed model improves the head loss prediction for all tested configurations, with an average relative error between the formula and experimental results less than that of the two simpler approaches. This study improves our understanding of global pressure losses in multi-stage systems that include a porous foam or other filtering or clogging media in front of bar racks.
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IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, UL, UM, UPUK
Development of highly active and stable electrocatalysts for overall water splitting is important for future renewable energy systems. In this study, porous Mn-doped FeP/Co
(PO
)
(PMFCP) nanosheets ...on carbon cloth are utilized as a highly efficient 3 D self-supported binder-free integrated electrode for the oxygen evolution and hydrogen evolution reactions (OER and HER) over a wide pH range. Specifically, overpotentials of 27, 117, 85 mV are required for the PMFCP nanosheets to attain 10 mA cm
for HER in 0.5 m H
SO
, 1.0 m phosphatebuffered saline (PBS), and 1.0 m KOH, respectively. In addition to the excellent performance for HER electrocatalysis, PMFCP nanosheets were also efficient electrocatalysts for the OER. Thus, the PMFCP nanosheets can serve as anodes and cathodes for overall water splitting (OWS). The OWS working voltages to attain 10 mA cm
are found to be 1.75, 1.82, and 1.61 V in acid, neutral, and alkaline electrolytes, respectively. Chronopotentiometric tests show that the PMFCP electrode can maintain its excellent pH-universal OWS activity for more than 30 000 s. This work also provides new insights into developing high-performance electrocatalysts for water splitting over a wide pH range. The improvement in electrochemical performance by introduction of Mn dopant and nano-holes offers new opportunities in the development of effective electrodes for other energy-related applications.
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BFBNIB, FZAB, GIS, IJS, KILJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, SAZU, SBCE, SBMB, UL, UM, UPUK
In this paper, two dimensional Ti3C2Tx MXene nanosheets and one-dimensional Ni nanochains are successfully assembled into three dimensional porous MXene/Ni composite microspheres by ultrasonic spray. ...Their unique micro nano structure and well-designed three-dimensional porous interconnection network can significantly improve the stacking of Ti3C2Tx MXene nanosheets and the agglomeration of magnetic Ni nanochains. By changing the content of Ni nanochains，we can obtain MXene/Ni composite microspheres with different magnetic content. Due to the difference in conductivity between Ti3C2Tx MXene and Ni, as well as the newly generated hetero interface and abundant surface groups, MXene/Ni composite microspheres show good impedance matching and excellent electromagnetic wave absorption performance. The minimum reflection loss (RLmin) is −52.7 dB@12.8 GHz, and the corresponding matching thickness is only 1.9 mm. The preparation of MXene/Ni composite microspheres provides a simple and effective method for designing other MXene-based composite materials.
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•3D porous MXene/Ni composite microspheres are first formed by simple and rapid ultrasonic spray technology.•MXene/Ni have large specific surface area and abundant pores.•The content of Ni nanochains in MXene/Ni is verified.•The RLmin of MXene/Ni is −52.7 dB@12.8 GHz with a thickness of 1.9 mm.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP
Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) are a new class of porous crystalline materials constructed from organic ligands and metal ions/clusters. Owing to their unique advantages, they have attracted more ...and more attention in recent years and numerous studies have revealed their great potential in various applications. Many important applications of MOFs inevitably involve harsh alkaline operational environments. To achieve high performance and long cycling life in these applications, high stability of MOFs against bases is necessary. Therefore, the construction of base-stable MOFs has become a critical research direction in the MOF field. This review gives a historic summary of the development of base-stable MOFs in the last few years. The key factors that can determine the robustness of MOFs under basic conditions are analyzed. We also demonstrate the exciting achievements that have been made by utilizing base-stable MOFs in different applications. In the end, we discuss major challenges for the further development of base-stable MOFs. Some possible methods to address these problems are presented.
This review focuses on the construction and the application of base-stable MOFs.
