This study examines quantitatively the linkages among self-concordance, conditional goal setting, self-esteem, and subjective well-being. The study also considers the moderating effect of conditional ...goal setting on the relationship between self-concordance and self-esteem; as well as taking into account the mediating role of self-esteem in the association between self-concordance and subjective well-being. A total number of 158 responses were gathered from an online survey by administering a standardized questionnaire. The finding shows that conditional goal setting has a positive moderating impact, whereas self-esteem positively mediates the linkage between self-concordance and subjective well-being. It is clear that self-concordance, conditional goal setting, self-esteem, and subjective well-being are integral parts of any human resource management system.
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In Australia, despite social support increasingly being reported as playing an important role in influencing health outcomes of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islanders, measures of social support have ...not yet been validated for Aboriginal people. The current study aimed to evaluate the validity and reliability of the Social Support Scale in an Aboriginal and/or Torres Strait Islander population. The Social Support Scale (SSS) is a 4-item psychological instrument that was designed to evaluate four social support functions, instrumental, informational, emotional and appraisal support. Data included participants from two different samples: (1) Teeth Talk Study (n = 317), an oral-health randomized controlled trial (RCT) conducted with Aboriginal adults; and (2) the South Australian Aboriginal Birth Cohort Study (n = 367), a prospective longitudinal birth cohort study in which pregnant Aboriginal women were interviewed at baseline. The SSS psychometric properties were examined with Graphical Loglinear Rasch Models (GLLRM). The overall fit to a GLLRM was established (X.sup.2 (96).sub.sample1 = 52.7, p = 0.06; X.sup.2 (25).sub.sample2 = 22.2, p = 0.62) after accounting for local dependence between items 3 and 4. Item 2 displayed differential item functioning by employment status in Sample 1. Regarding dimensionality, the SSS was unidimensional in both samples (gamma.sub.obs1 = 0.80; gamma.sub.exp1 = 0.78, p = 0.65; gamma.sub.obs2 = 0.75, gamma.sub.exp2 = 0.77, p = 0.16). The instrument also displayed good reliability (R.sub.sample1 = 0.82, R.sub.sample2 = 0.84). Despite a few identified limitations (such as poor targeting), the findings indicated that the SSS is a promising instrument to provide culturally-valid and reliable measurement of social support among Aboriginal and/or Torres Strait Islander adults. Future studies should further investigate the instrument psychometric properties in other Aboriginal samples and the development and inclusion of culturally-sensitive items are also recommended.
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This book provides a concise, accessible, and up-to-date introduction to psychological research for musicians, performers, music educators, and studio teachers. Designed to address the needs and ...priorities of the performing musician rather than the research community, it reviews the relevant psychological research findings in relation to situations and issues faced by musicians, and draws out practical implications for the practice of teaching and performance. Rather than a list of dos and don'ts, the book equips musicians with an understanding of the basic psychological principles that underlie music performance, enabling each reader to apply the content flexibly to the task at hand. Following a brief review of the scientific method as a way of thinking about the issues and problems in music, the text addresses the nature–nurture problem, identification and assessment of musical aptitude, musical development, adult skill maintenance, technical and expressive skills, practice, interpretation and expressivity, sight-reading, memorization, creativity, and composition, performance anxiety, critical listening, and teaching and learning. While there is a large body of empirical research regarding music, most musicians lack the scientific training to interpret these studies. This text bridges this gap by relating these skills to the musician's experiences, addressing their needs directly with non-technical language and practical application. It includes multiple illustrations, brief music examples, cases, questions, and suggestions for further reading.
The COVID-19 pandemic has affected university students globally. Our study investigated mental health indicators among higher degree by research (HDR) students at a regional university in Queensland, ...Australia. A total of 231 HDR students (female = 137, male = 94) completed the Brunel Mood Scale to assess the constructs of Tension, Depression, Anger, Vigor, Fatigue, and Confusion. A subset of 11 students participated in three focus groups to explore their experiences. Results showed that reported mood among HDR students was generally more negative than population norms, although more positive than moods reported previously during the pandemic. A total of 52 participants (22.5%) reported mood profiles that indicated elevated risk of mental ill-health. Mood profiles varied significantly by gender, age, study mode (full-time/part-time), location (on-campus/online), and citizenship (domestic/international). Quantitative data were supported by focus group findings, which identified mental health and wellbeing as key themes of concern to HDR students. Our findings indicate that support mechanisms to safeguard the mental health and wellbeing of HDR students should be a priority for universities.
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Witnessing Witnessing focuses critical attention on those who receive the testimony of Holocaust survivors. Questioning the notion that traumatic experience is intrinsically unspeakable and that the ...Holocaust thus lies in a quasi-sacred realm beyond history, the book asks whether much current theory does not have the effect of silencing the voices of real historical victims. It thereby challenges widely accepted theoretical views about the representation of trauma in general and the Holocaust in particular as set forth by Giorgio Agamben, Cathy Caruth, Berel Lang, and Dori Laub. It also reconsiders, in the work of Theodor Adorno and Emmanuel Levinas, reflections on ethics and aesthetics after Auschwitz as these pertain to the reception of testimony. Referring at length to videotaped testimony and to texts by Charlotte Delbo, Primo Levi, and Jorge Semprun, the book aims to make these voices heard. In doing so, it clarifies the problems that anyone receiving testimony may encounter and emphasizes the degree to which listening to survivors depends on listening to ourselves and to one another. Witnessing Witnessing seeks to show how, in the situation of address in which Holocaust survivors call upon us, we discover our own tacit assumptions about the nature of community and the very manner in which we practice it.
Background: Acceptability of COVID-19 vaccine by healthcare workers (HCWs) can affect its acceptability by the general population. Aim: To assess COVD-19 vaccine acceptability among HCWs in Sana'a, ...Yemen. Methods: We conducted a multicentre cross-sectional study among 391 HCWs in Sana'a, Yemen, from January to March 2022. We used a self-administered questionnaire to collect data on the demographics, profession, academic qualifications, and experience of HCWs, as well as their COVID-19 vaccine acceptability or hesitancy. We used univariate and multivariable logistic regression to analyse the association between the independent variables and vaccine hesitancy (P < 0.05). Results: Of the 391 HCWs, only 194 (49.6%) were willing to accept the COVID-19 vaccine. The most frequent reasons for vaccine hesitancy were fear of adverse reactions (77.7%), concerns about unknown effects of the vaccine in the future (73.1%), and uncertainty about the safety of new vaccines (69.5%). Female gender and working in the public sector were independent predictors of vaccine hesitancy among the HCWs. Conclusion: Nearly half of the HCWs in Sana'a, Yemen, were willing to accept the COVID-19 vaccine. Female gender and working in the public health sector were independent predictors of vaccine hesitancy. We recommend further studies to compare COVID-19 acceptability among HCWs in the public and private sectors in Yemen. Keywords: COVID-19, vaccine, acceptability, hesitancy, healthcare workers, safety, adverse reaction, Yemen Contexte : L'acceptabilite des vaccins contre la COVID-19 par les agents de sante peut avoir une incidence sur son acceptabilite par la population generale. Objectifs : Evaluer l'acceptabilite des vaccins contre la COVID-19 par les agents de sante a Sanaa (Yemen). Methodes : Nous avons mene une etude transversale multicentrique aupres de 391 agents de sante a Sanaa, entre janvier et mars 2022. Nous avons utilise un questionnaire auto-administre afin de recueillir des donnees sur la demographie, la profession, les qualifications universitaires et l'experience des agents de sante, ainsi que sur leur acceptabilite et leur reticence face a la vaccination contre la COVID-19. Nous avons utilise la regression logistique univariee et multivariable pour analyser l'association entre les variables independantes et la reticence face a la vaccination (p < 0,05). Resultats : Sur les 391 agents de sante, seuls 194 (49,6 %) etaient disposes a accepter la vaccination contre la COVID-19. Les raisons les plus frequemment invoquees pour expliquer la reticence face a la vaccination etaient la crainte de reactions indesirables (77,7 %), l'inquietude quant aux effets inconnus des vaccins ulterieurement (73,1 %) et l'incertitude quant a l'innocuite des nouveaux vaccins (69,5 %). Le sexe feminin et le fait de travailler dans le secteur public etaient des facteurs predictifs independants de la reticence face a la vaccination chez les agents de sante. Conclusion: Pres de la moitie des agents de sante de Sanaa (Yemen) etaient prets a accepter les vaccins contre la COVID-19. Le sexe feminin et le fait de travailler dans le secteur de la sante publique etaient des facteurs predictifs independants de la reticence face a la vaccination. Il est recommande de mener des etudes complementaires visant a comparer l'acceptabilite des vaccins contre la COVID-19 par les agents de sante dans les secteurs public et prive au Yemen. phrase omitted
Women, gender minorities and their children are at heightened risk of intimate partner violence (IPV) following stressful life events (SLE). The increase in IPV during the global pandemic of the ...Novel Coronavirus (COVID-19) is recent evidence. Studies have linked IPV to poor health, resulting in lower mental, physical, sexual, and reproductive health outcomes. IPV has also been shown as a barrier to labour force participation, leading to negative socioeconomic outcomes (i.e., low or no employment). Formal and informal supports help individuals who experience IPV, but it is unclear if and how these are being accessed during SLEs such as environmental disasters, pandemics, and economic recessions. Accessibility to programs is an issue in normal times because of stigma, social norms, and lack of knowledge; this has been further amplified by situations where individuals who experience violence are isolated physically and emotionally, as well as face controlling behaviours by their perpetrators of violence. This scoping review will be used to conduct a comprehensive review of literature and address the research question: What is known in published literature about access to services by individuals who experience IPV during stressful life events in high-income countries? The following electronic databases will be searched for relevant publications: MEDILINE (OVID), Embase (OVID), PsychINfo (OVID), CINAHL (EBSCO), Global Health (EBSCO), Gender Watch (ProQuest), Web of Science and Applied Social Sciences Index & Abstracts (ProQuest). Key terms and medical subject headings (MeSH) will be based on previous literature and consult with an expert librarian. The major concepts include 'stressful life events' AND intimate partner violence' AND 'access to services'. Google, Google Scholar, and the WHO website will be used to search for grey literature, books/chapters, and programme reports as well as references of relevant reviews. Studies will be screened and extracted by two reviewers and conflicts resolved through discussion or a third reviewer. Both quantitative and qualitative analysis of relevant data will outline key findings. The scoping review will provide synthesized and summarized findings on literature regarding access to informal and formal social supports by victims of IPV during SLEs (i.e., pandemics and natural/environmental disasters/emergencies, economic recessions) where possible, highlighting key barriers, facilitators and lessons learned. Findings have potential to inform programs, policies, and interventions on accessibility to necessary support and health services during disasters.
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A global priority for the behavioural sciences is to develop cost-effective, scalable interventions that could improve the academic outcomes of adolescents at a population level, but no such ...interventions have so far been evaluated in a population-generalizable sample. Here we show that a short (less than one hour), online growth mindset intervention-which teaches that intellectual abilities can be developed-improved grades among lower-achieving students and increased overall enrolment to advanced mathematics courses in a nationally representative sample of students in secondary education in the United States. Notably, the study identified school contexts that sustained the effects of the growth mindset intervention: the intervention changed grades when peer norms aligned with the messages of the intervention. Confidence in the conclusions of this study comes from independent data collection and processing, pre-registration of analyses, and corroboration of results by a blinded Bayesian analysis.
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