Viticulture and winemaking in the Republic of Croatia has a long-standing tradition, primarily due to its natural locations, which are excellent for growing grapes and producing top-quality wine. ...Although the downward trend is present according to statistical indicators, the Republic of Croatia is a very desirable destination on the world map for tasting wines from all its regions. This is evidenced by numerous manifestations, especially related to the east of Croatia, which also include small producers, which make them more visible to every true taster of wine droplet.
Based on archival sources and relevant literature, this paper portrays political circumstances and security situation in Western Slavonia from 1989, that is, from collapse of the communist systems in ...Europe and destabilisation of Yugoslavia by the political leadership of the Socialist Republic of Serbia, up until August 1991 when the overt Greater-Serbian Aggression started in Western Slavonia. Democratic processes in Europe also seized western Yugoslav republics, Slovenia and Croatia. These republics advocated either the restructure of Yugoslavia as a confederal state, or their independence in case that the political agreement with other republics about common state system was not feasible. Conversely, Serbian political leadership’s goal, supported by pro-Serbian oriented leadership of the federal Yugoslav People’s Army, was to impose Yugoslavia as a centralized state under the domination of Serbs, as the most numerous Yugoslav nation. After this policy failed, Serbian leadership attempted to create Greater Serbia which would comprise all territories which Serbian leadership considered as historically and ethnically a Serbian territory. Among others, that also included Western Slavonia where a certain part of population were ethnic Serbs. Part of these Serbs, as well as ethnic Serbs in certain other parts of Croatia, supported by Belgrade, gradually commenced rebellion against the Croatian authorities. Insurgency was led by representatives of Serbian Democratic Party whose centre was in town Knin. In the first phase of destabilisation the emphasis was on the thesis that the Serbs were endangered in Western Slavonia, in order to radicalize as many as possible, which was successfully implemented, and finally led to terrorist actions culminating with the open aggression in Western Slavonia.
The paper deals with privatization processes in five selected countries of the communist regime and their comparative analysis. Most countries have historically encountered the need to privatize ...state-owned enterprises. A closed and inefficient economic system would reach the brink of resilience and change was necessary. Privatization was a conceptual solution. Due to diversified economic systems, internal social and political differences, as well as the complexity of the privatization process itself, the ways in which it has been implemented vary greatly from country to country. However, the aspiration has generally always meant overall economic improvement, and the implementation of rapid, formal, as painless as possible, preferably spontaneous, and transparent privatization. Still, everything took place in several stages and there was a mass, and most often coupon, privatization in one of the phases. It was concluded that each privatization process is specific, but there are still some overlaps. The main distinguishing criteria are related to the approach towards privatization (modular or inflexible) as well as centralization (Croatia, Czechoslovakia, and Poland) and decentralization (Slovenia and Hungary) of the system that implements and controls privatization. In addition, in some countries there has been a lack of public support due to numerous embezzlements, frauds and attempts to exploit positions of power at a given time, while on the other hand orderliness, legitimacy, and innovation have resulted in an in-flow of foreign capital and successful privatization supported by the public.
The Right to Political Representation for Members of National Minorities in the Republic of Croatia, 1990–2004 The goal of this article is to analyse the changes in the normative regulations ...concerning the political representation of members of national minorities in the Republic of Croatia in 1990–2004. These regulations are contrasted with their practical use. Furthermore, attention is turned to the political dimension of these issues, visible through the incessant amendments to regulations. The period from 1990 to 2004 was selected due to the fact that the first legal regulations governing this question were introduced in the Republic of Croatia in 1990, while 2004 saw the final constitution of the last bodies representing this group of citizens provided by law. Moreover, the author aims to prove that normative regulations on their own – even if favourable for minorities – are never sufficient to speak about protection of minority rights, if the good will to respect them in practice is missing. Prawo do reprezentacji politycznej dla członków mniejszości narodowych w Republice Chorwacji w latach 1990–2004 Artykuł analizuje zmiany w regulacjach normatywnych dotyczących politycznej reprezentacji członków mniejszości narodowych w Republice Chorwacji w latach 1990–2004. Okres ten został wybrany z uwagi na fakt, iż w roku 1990 wprowadzono pierwsze regulacje normujące tę kwestię, natomiast w 2004 roku ostatecznie ukonstytuowały się ostatnie ustawowo przewidziane organy reprezentujące tę grupę obywateli. Celem autorki jest skontrastowanie regulacji na poziomie normatywnym z praktyką ich przestrzegania oraz pokazanie, iż same gwarancje normatywne nigdy nie są wystarczające, aby można było mówić o rzeczywistym zapewnieniu praw obywatelom. Ponadto uwaga została zwrócona na polityzację tej problematyki, czego przejawem były niewątpliwe ciągłe zmiany przepisów.
The import of vegetables and vegetable products is high in the Republic of Croatia. Although there are excellent natural conditions for open-field production of vegetablesand greenhouse production, ...it is not nearly exploited. The importance of short supply chains is increasingly emphasized, as the crises caused by the Covid-19 pandemic have significantly affected the market flows of vegetables. The use of this kind of marketing is especially emphasized in the large Croatian cities' consumer supply. The greater use of this supply channel is limited by the small quantities of products from some producers and the solution has to be their better business links, and better use of modern tools of market communication – the internet, mail, social networks. These results are also from the Survey conducted in the second half of December 2020, with the participation of 104 persons from 57 towns and villages in Croatia.
Foreign direct investments in the Republic of Croatia has been systematically monitored since 1993. During the war years, the inflow of foreign capital, both in the form of direct and portfolio ...foreign investments, was insignificant. Significant foreign investment activity has been present since 1996. Aware of the importance that FDI (Foreign Direct Investment) can have on the recipient country, both as a factor in accelerated economic development, and as a source for financing the deficit on the current account of the balance of payments, Croatia has declaratively promoted a policy of attracting foreign capital. Although in the first few years after the war this promotion was mostly aimed at the Croatian diaspora, under the pressure of the international community, privatization began in the banking and telecommunications sector, and since the post-war years, the largest amount of foreign capital has been directed there. Thus, in the second part of the 1990s, after the normalization of the situation in the country, Croatia collected a total of nominally around USD 4.5 billion in foreign direct investment, mostly through privatization, and the largest inflow of foreign currency was realized in 1999, in the amount of 1, 2 billion USD (first round of privatization of HT). This paper analyses the factors affecting foreign direct investment and the strengths, weaknesses, threats and opportunities for encouraging the inflow of foreign direct investment into the economic framework of the Republic of Croatia and presents the competitiveness index of the structures and activities of foreign direct investment in the Republic of Croatia. In conclusion, it can be emphasized that since independence, the Republic of Croatia has been making efforts to attract as many foreign investments as possible, while achieving limited results.
In order to obtain a comprehensive insight into nautical tourism, we analysed the arrivals and overnight stays in nautical charters, as well as the number of registered vessels according to length, ...the number of ports and marinas and the number of berths. An analysis of the correlation between the observed nautical tourism variables was also conducted. The number of arrivals and overnight stays in nautical charters has been showing an upward trend. The number of yachts or, respectively, boats that are over 12 m in length has also been increasing. The number of marinas varies in the observed period, while nautical tourism ports display a constant growth. The number of berths has also been growing in comparison with the years before, with the exception of 2013 and 2017. The correlation analysis established that the growth in the number of marinas has followed the growth in the number of vessels with lengths between 12 and 15 metres, between 15 and 20 metres and those with lengths exceeding 20 metres. The number of nautical tourism ports and the number of berths have a positive and statistically significant impact on the increase in the number of vessels that are longer than 12 metres.
Through a spatial and statistical analysis, the paper aims to assess vulnerability based on the service capabilities of public fire brigades in the Republic of Croatia. An assessment of fire hazard ...impacts was developed based on historical fire data over a twenty-year period for the counties and City of Zagreb, an assessment of exposure based on critical infrastructure data for the counties and City of Zagreb, and an assessment of resilience based on the coverage zones of fire brigades within the standard intervention time (15 min) for the counties and City of Zagreb. The results of the research have various potential applications and can be used as a basis for the future planning and development of the fire protection system to serve and protect people, material and cultural goods.
S ciljem dobivanja procjene ugroženosti u radu su provedene prostorne i statističke analize temeljene na sposobnostima javnih vatrogasnih postrojbi u Republici Hrvatskoj. Dobiven je prikaz procjene opasnosti od požara po županijama/ Gradu Zagrebu upotrebom podataka o broju požara u vremenskom nizu od dvadeset godina, prikaz procjene izloženosti po županijama/ Gradu Zagrebu upotrebom podataka o kritičnoj infrastrukturi te prikaz procjene otpornosti po županijama/ Gradu Zagrebu na temelju zona pokrivanja vatrogasnih postrojbi unutar standardnog vremena za intervenciju od petnaest minuta. Rezultati istraživanja, dobiveni statističkim i prostornim analizama, imaju višestruku korist te mogu poslužiti kao osnova za buduća planiranja novih javnih vatrogasnih postrojbi, kao i za razvoj sustava vatrogastva s ciljem zaštite stanovništva, materijalnih i kulturnih dobara.
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DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
The corporate governance framework comprises of a supervisory board, which acts as a liaison between numerous investors with varying interests, influences and motives, and the management. The ...supervisory board has a crucial role to play in the corporate governance system, as they adopt strategies that are vital for the survival and growth of the business. This paper examines the role of the supervisory board in corporate governance, the factors that determine its effectiveness, and the representation of women on these boards. The paper analyzes the characteristics and performance of women on supervisory boards, the barriers they face in securing membership on these boards, the concept of the glass ceiling, and prior research on the relationship between gender diversity and the performance of supervisory boards. Based on the results of regression analysis, it is determined that there exists a weak yet positive correlation between the number of women on the supervisory board and the profits realized by large companies in the Republic of Croatia.
BACKGROUNDSuicides are among the leading causes of death in the world and pose a major public health problem. It is not yet entirely clear to what extent the 2019 coronavirus pandemic (COVID-19) ...affects suicide rates, but is likely to result in an increase in risk factors for suicidal behaviors. The research objective was to compare the suicide rate in 2019 with the suicide rate in 2020 in the Republic of Croatia. SUBJECTS AND METHODSA cross-sectional study was conducted for the period from January 2019 to December 2020. The necessary data on persons who committed suicide in the Republic of Croatia in that period were collected in cooperation with the Osijek-Baranja County Police Department. The number of suicides in that period was statistically processed according to demographic characteristics, suicide motives, days of the week and months by years. RESULTSThere was no significant difference in the total number of suicides comparing 2019 and 2020. Observed by months, significantly more suicides were committed during February 2020 compared to February 2019 (χ2-test, p=0.04). According to marital status, in 2019 compared to 2020, significantly more suicides were recorded among married persons (χ2-test, p<0.001) and among those who were unemployed (χ2-test, p<0.001). Persons with the status of veterans committed suicide significantly more often in 2019, compared to 2020 (χ2-test, p<0.001) During 2019, compared to 2020, significantly more suicides were committed by persons working in service and trade occupations (χ2-test, p=0.001). CONCLUSIONAt the beginning of the pandemic in Croatia, in February 2020, there was a significant increase in suicides compared to 2019, which may indicate that the spread of the pandemic since the end of 2019, with uncertainty and cataclysmic atmosphere, had a negative effect on mental health.
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