Background: Using an online questionnaire capturing the immediate economic and social effects of the Russia-Ukraine war. The study assesses the topics of more profound concern for university students ...and the variation of economic attitudes related to their socio-demographic variables.
Methods: Three hundred eighty-five participants, between 18 and 22 years of age, 49% female, leads us to identify significant differences by sex and economic status related to the stock crash, inflation, corruption, and poverty perceptions. However, the effect size and sampling could be improved.
Results: ANOVA confirms that the below-average economic status group feels more worried about higher inflation, while females tend to be more concerned about inflation, corruption, and poverty because of the conflict. Ordered logistic regression reveals that participants who express higher levels of concern regarding the impact of increased energy prices and poverty tend to exhibit greater overall worry.
Conclusions: Even though convenience sampling imposes constraints to extrapolate the results broadly, the research constitutes a benchmark for similar studies among Latin American and Caribbean countries since economic expectations and economic knowledge from citizens, applied in their decisions, play an essential role in national development.
•The impact of the US yield curve components on global green bond markets.•The network structure and time-varying spillovers from January 2009 to June 2022.•The level component of the yield curve is ...more influential in transmitting return- and volatility shocks.•The European, the US, and Hong Kong indices are the leading players in shock propagation.•Spillovers are dynamic and remain high during COVID-19 and the Russia-Ukraine war eruption.•The war changes net behaviors (transmitter versus receiver) of the indices.
We examine the effect of the US yield curve on the global green bond markets at the forefront of the climate change fight. For this purpose, we compute three components (level, slope, and curvature) of the US yield curve based on daily data of the treasury yields with several maturities from January 2009 to June 2022 and employ country-level S&P green bond indices. Our dynamic network analysis shows that the level component of the yield curve is more influential in transmitting return and volatility shocks to green bonds, while curvature is primarily absorptive. The European, the US, and Hong Kong green bonds are the leading players in shock propagation. Both return- and volatility spillovers are time-varying and remain high during periods of systemically important events, especially COVID-19 and the Russia-Ukraine war, supporting the Global Financial Cycle Hypothesis. The war also changes the net behaviors (transmitter versus receiver) of the components and the indices. Investors and issuers of green bonds are advised to keenly observe the shape of the US yield curve and systemic events for better decision-making regarding investment horizons and contagion risk management.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP
The article provides a comprehensive account of English words and phrases that gained media prominence during the first 10 months of the Russia-Ukraine war. Three categories of lexical units were ...identified: lexical neologisms (new coinages), such as sanctionista, war fatigue, Zelensky-washing, etc.; semantic neologisms – words and phrases that had existed prior to the war, but acquired new meanings due to it – such as deputinization, Russian exodus, etc.; units that had been used occasionally and inconsistently up to 2022, but gained new relevance in light of the war – such as ruscism, stalinization, digital iron curtain, etc. Some of the units under study were first coined in the Ukrainian or Russian languages and subsequently spread to other languages (missile terrorism, ruscism), while others are limited to English only and have no equivalents in either Ukrainian or Russian (sanctionista, archivocide). Focusing on news media and social media discourse on the Russia-Ukraine war, we trace the etymology of these words and phrases, their recurrence and context of use, as well as the pragmatic value they have in shaping public stance on the war in the West. We also take into consideration humorous occasionalisms, memes and monikers that trended on social media during this period of the war, providing a way of tension release while also contributing to Ukrainian information warfare and fundraising purposes. The study is instrumental in driving our understanding of the mechanisms of media framing of emotionally loaded and potentially dividing political issues.
We estimated the prevalence of war-related stressors (Harvard Trauma Questionnaire-R), risk of ICD-11 posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and complex posttraumatic stress disorder (CPTSD; ...International Trauma Questionnaire-R) in N = 563 Ukrainian students living in Kyiv, an active war zone between December 2022 and January 2023. Among trauma survivors (n = 381), we used multinomial logistic regression to examine whether different war-related traumatic events and cumulative trauma increased risk for ICD-11-PTSD and CPTSD after controlling for other traumatic events, age, and gender. Nine of ten Ukrainian students (91.5%) reported at least one war-related stressor, one of five (20.8%) reported four or more stressors. War-related combat situations were reported most frequently (59.5%), followed by forced separation from family members (54.5%), lack of shelter (53.3%), and murder or violent death of a family member or friend (15.6%). Rates for probable ICD-11 PTSD and CPTSD were 12.4% and 11.2%, respectively. Sexual violence and cumulative trauma exposure significantly increased the risk of CPTSD compared to other traumatic events. The high proportions of ICD-11-PTSD and CPTSD underscore the psychological burden of Ukrainian students living in an active war zone and the need for trauma-focused interventions for war-affected populations.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP
The energy crisis caused by the Russia–Ukraine war (RUW) has affected the energy supply chain. The countries most impacted by the sanctions imposed on Russia due to the invasion of Ukraine focused on ...replacing the countries they import their energy from in the short term and switching fuel, for example, from natural gas to coal in Germany. The objective of this article is to verify how the war has impacted energy trade and electricity generation in Germany and the United Kingdom (UK). The results indicate that the RUW had consequences on these countries’ energy sector, significantly affecting fuel trade and electricity generation in the immediate aftermath of the war.
•Russia's invasion of Ukraine sparked a global crisis in energy supply chains.•The Russia–Ukraine war led countries, such as Germany, to reactivate coal plants.•The UK replaced Russian fuel imports with those from other countries, like the USA.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP
The global shocks of COVID-19 and the Ukraine war on FDI inflows in European countries, particularly Eastern Europe, have been subjects of a serious debate among EU policymakers. This study assesses ...the level of impact of the two global shocks on FDI in 39 European countries (ECs) and 20 Eastern European countries (EECs) from 2020 Q1 to 2022 Q4. For the comparative analysis, a static panel regression is used. Our findings demonstrate that variations in the levels of stringency measures related to COVID-19 in individual countries are significantly associated with increased FDI inflows. This suggests that investors will increase investment in countries with stricter measures to limit crises. While variations in COVID19 total cases are associated with increased FDI inflows in Europe but with decreased FDI inflows in Eastern Europe, we find that the crisis may have created new opportunities or incentives for foreign investors in Europe compared to Eastern Europe.
Cooperative Principle is one of the pragmatics disciplines that should be known by everyone to conduct effective communication, especially diplomats. This research studied the utterances which were ...uttered by two Russian diplomats who are actively working at the Russian Embassy in Indonesia, Denis Tetyushin and Lyudmila Vorobyova in their interviews with Asumsi.co. The objectives of this research were to identify the maxims of cooperative principle which are produced by the interviewees in the Asumsi.co interviews, to figure out the types of maxims disobedience which are produced by the interviewees, and to recognise the motives behind the interviewees obeying and disobeying the maxims. This study was conducted with a qualitative approach assisted by a statistical descriptive method to see the distribution of the obedience and disobedience utterances. The result of the research revealed 47 data obey and disobey the maxim of cooperative principles. The most obeyed maxim was the maxim of manner, followed by the maxim of quantity, the maxim of quality, and there was no utterance which followed the maxim of relevance rule.
Savaşlar, toplumların yapısında büyük bozulmalar meydana getirir; bu bozulmalardan biri de tarımsal alanda ortaya çıkmaktadır. Çalışmanın odak noktası, Rusya ve Ukrayna arasındaki savaşın dünya gıda ...güvenliği üzerindeki etkileridir. Bu amaçla her iki ülkenin tahıl üretimi ve ticaretinin bölgesel ve küresel ölçekte ülkeler üzerindeki önemi değerlendirilecektir. Araştırmada durum çalışması yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Konu ile ilgili akademik yayınlardan ve FAOSTAT ve Trade Map verilerinden yararlanılmıştır. Elde edilen veriler şekil ve tablolar halinde yeniden düzenlenmiştir. Rusya-Ukrayna savaşıyla birlikte 10 milyonu aşkın kişi yerinden edilmiş, küresel ve bölgesel enerji ve gıda krizi yaşanmış, gıda güvenliği sorunları ortaya çıkmış, dünyanın en büyük ihracat bölgelerinin birinden, tarımsal üretimi ve ticareti sekteye uğratmıştır. Küresel kriz haline gelen tahıl sorununun çözümü için Türkiye’nin girişimiyle taraflar arasında 22 Temmuz 2022’de İstanbul’da “tahıl koridoru” anlaşması imzalanmıştır. Bu anlaşmayla Ukrayna'nın Karadeniz'deki üç limanından tahıl ihracatı yeniden başlamış ve dünyanın içine girdiği “gıda krizi” sorununun çözümüne yönelik önemli bir adım atılmıştır.
Wars cause great deterioration in the structure of societies; One of these deteriorations occurs in the agricultural field. The focus of this study is the effects of the war between Russia and Ukraine on world food security. For this purpose, the importance of grain production and trade of both countries on regional and global scale will be evaluated. Case study method was used in the research. Academic publications related to the research and FAOSTAT data were used. The data obtained were rearranged in figures and tables. With the Russia-Ukraine war, more than 10 million people have been displaced, global and regional energy and food crises have occurred, food security problems have emerged, and agricultural production and trade from one of the world's largest export regions has been disrupted. A "grain corridor" agreement was signed between the parties on July 22, 2022 in Istanbul, with the initiative of Türkiye, for the solution of the grain problem, which has become a global crisis. With this agreement, grain exports from Ukraine's three ports in the Black Sea resumed and an important step was taken towards solving the "food crisis" problem that the world was in.
This paper investigates the presence of asymetry in the long-run relationship between wholesale electricity prices (ep) in the day-ahead market and fossil fuel (coal, oil and gas) prices, the ...exchange rate (er) and economic policy uncertainty (epu) in India, and how the Real-Time Market introduced on 01/06/2020, and the Russia-Ukraine war have affected these relationships. Using daily data from 28/06/2008 to 30/04/2023, and both the quantile auto-regressive distributed lag and the quantile regression methods, we find asymmetric long run relationships, with pronounced and asymmetric impacts in the upper quantiles of ep. Results with the full sample suggest that increases in er and coal significantly raise ep in the upper quantiles; vol and epu have a negative long-term effect on ep. Furthermore, the Real-Time Market has reduced price distortions and brought efficiency to the day-head market. The war increases ep because of supply-chain shockwaves in the input markets. Our results suggest introducing policies aiming at reducing inefficiency to mitigate external shocks.
•We examine the asymmetric relationship between ep and coal, oil and gas prices, er and in India.•We find long-run relationships with asymmetric impacts at the top quantiles of ep.•er and coal raises ep at top quantiles; volume and epu have negative effects on ep.•The Real Money Market launched on 01/6/2020 has brought efficiency to the market.•The Russia-Ukraine war disrupts the supply-chain of input markets and raises ep.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP
