The rapid, unexpected, and large-scale expansion of the SARS-CoV-19 pandemic has led to a global health and economy crisis. However, although the crisis itself is a worldwide phenomenon, there have ...been considerable differences between respective countries in terms of SARS-CoV-19 morbidities and fatalities as well as the GDP impact. The object of this paper was to study the influence of the SARS-CoV-19 pandemic on global gross domestic product. We analyzed data relating to 176 countries in the 11-month period from February 2020 to December 2020. We employed SARS-CoV-19 morbidity and fatality rates reported by different countries as proxies for the development of the pandemic. The analysis employed in our study was based on moving median and quartiles, Kendall tau-b coefficients, and multi-segment piecewise-linear approximation with Theil–Sen trend lines. In the study, we empirically confirmed and measured the negative impact of the SARS-CoV-19 pandemic on the respective national economies. The relationship between the pandemic and the economy is not uniform and depends on the extent of the pandemic’s development. The more intense the pandemic, the more adaptive the economies of specific countries become.
La situación de emergencia sanitaria, SARS-Cov-19, declarada por la Organización Mundial de la Salud aboca a los Centros de Atención Temprana a trasformar el rol del profesional para poder continuar ...con el buen funcionamiento del servicio. Down Madrid, entidad sin ánimo de lucro, desarrolla un protocolo de trabajo ante las necesidades generadas redefiniendo las funciones prioritarias de aplicación en la teleintervención. Este estudio analiza la valoración de los profesionales respecto a la competencia percibida en la transformación del servicio, describe la satisfacción manifiesta respecto a la teleintervención durante el confinamiento y señala el cambio de rol de la familia asociado. Además, esta investigación identifica, bajo el constructo Planificación Centrada en la Familia, el verdadero empoderamiento de las familias como pilar principal del tratamiento. Los resultados permiten afirmar que el 100 % de los profesionales considera exitosa la interacción con la familia y un 83,3 % percibe un empoderamiento mayor en los familiares como agentes trasformadores del cambio. Como futuras líneas de investigación se precisa aportar mayor evidencia científica que permita afirmar que la simbiosis entre los profesionales y las familias, en el medio telemático, es una realidad.
The article assists with understanding the need to change the current accessible clinical resources; as well as gauging and sorting out the devices needed to provide
food
the uncommon requirements of ...the COVID-19 patients without trading off the smooth working of the medical services office without taking a chance with the security of the medical care experts conveying it. A primary objective of this study is to provide interim guidance for planning the medical equipment for an isolation facility in a way that satisfies the needs of patients in an exact manner. Additionally, to assist healthcare facility to follow the accreditation standards and plan the modifications necessary to ensure the safety of patients and employees. The documents reviewed for this study mainly focus on providing interim guidance, specifications, and essential devices for setting up of quarantine facilities in a COVID-19 healthcare facility. This study assists with understanding the rules to keep up with the current accessible clinical supplies and intending to procure more and usage of them at which departments to cater the extraordinary necessities of the COVID-19 patients without bargaining the smooth working of the medical care office and not taking a chance with the wellbeing of the medical care experts conveying it.
Disulfiram (DS), known as an anti-alcoholism drug, has shown a potent antiviral activity. Still, the potential clinical application of DS is limited by its low water solubility and rapid metabolism. ...Cyclodextrins (CDs) have been widely used to improve the solubility of drugs in water. In this study, five concentrations of hydroxypropyl β-cyclodextrin (HP) and sulfobutyl ether β-cyclodextrin (SBE) were used to form inclusion complexes of DS for enhanced solubility. Solutions were freeze-dried, and the interaction between DS and CD was characterized using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). In addition, the nebulization properties of the DS–CD solutions were studied. The aqueous solubility of DS increased significantly when loaded to either of both CDs. The phase solubility of both complexes was a linear function of the CD concentration (AL type). Furthermore, physicochemical characterization studies showed a potent inclusion of the drug in the CD–DS complexes. Aerosolization studies demonstrated that these formulations are suitable for inhalation. Overall, the CD inclusion complexes have great potential for the enhancement of DS solubility. However, further studies are needed to assess the efficacy of DS–CD inclusion complexes against SARS-CoV-2 via nebulization.
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Emergency departments (EDs) during the novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic are perceived as possible sources of infection. The effects of COVID-19 on patients presenting to the ...hospital with surgical complaints remain uncertain.
A single tertiary center retrospective study analysis compared the ED attendance rate and severity of patients with surgical complaints between March 2020 (COVID-19 outbreak) and pre-COVID-19 periods: February 2020 and the same 2 months in 2019 and 2018.
Overall, 6,017 patients were included. The mean daily ED visits of patients with nontrauma surgical complaints in the COVID-19 outbreak period declined by 27%-32% (
value <.01) compared with pre-COVID-19 periods. The log number of confirmed severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) cases in Israel in March 2020 was negatively correlated with the number of ED visits (Pearson's
= -0.59,
< .01). The proportion of patients requiring hospitalization increased by up to 8% during the outbreak period (
< .01), and there was a higher proportion of tachycardic patients (20% versus 15.5%,
= .01). The percentage of visits to the ED by men declined by 5% (
< .01). The ED diagnosis distribution significantly changed during COVID-19 (
= .013), with an 84% decrease in the number of patients hospitalized for diverticular disease (
< .05).
During the COVID-19 outbreak, the overall number of patients presenting at the ED with surgical complaints decreased significantly, and there was a higher admissions ratio. The extent to which the pandemic affects hospital ED attendance can help health care professionals prepare for future such events. ClinicalTrials.gov ID: NCT04338672.
Disulfiram (DS) has an excellent anti-viral activity; however, its low water-solubility and first-pass metabolism are limiting its clinical applications. Cyclodextrins (CDs) have been used as ...solubility enhancers and carriers of DS proposed for inhalation to treat SARS-CoV-19. Two types of CDs (hydroxypropyl beta-cyclodextrin and sulfobutyl ether beta-cyclodextrin) were used to form inclusion complexes with DS, and drug solubility was assessed using spectrophotometric analytical method. Formulations were freeze-dried and characterized using DSC, TGA and FTIR. Nebulization technique was used to assess the potential for generating aerosols. Both CDs improved DS solubility and demonstrated a strong DS-CD interaction. All inclusion complexes were proved to be suitable for inhalation, therefore, potentially effective therapy for further investigation against SARS-CoV-19 is shown.
Abstract
Since the COVID-19 pandemic started, millions of peoples are involved. The presentation of the disease varies from mild respiratory symptoms and multiple organ failure to coma and death. ...Neurological symptoms such as headache or seizure are also coincident with COVID-19. Thromboembolic events increase in COVID-19 patients due to hypercoagulability and inflammation, particularly in severely ill patients. Thrombosis may cause venous thrombosis, pulmonary embolism, or cerebral sinus venous thrombosis (CSVT). Cerebral sinus venous thrombosis is a rare phenomenon that is usually found in critically ill patients with bad prognoses. In the present case report, we present a 40-year-old man with COVID-19 confirmed by real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) who was admitted due to acute bilateral visual loss due to bilateral transverse sinus thrombosis. Pseudotumor cerebri disease was confirmed through high lumbar puncture. Early surgical intervention (optic nerve fenestration) was performed and, fortunately, his visual acuity improved. Cerebral sinus venous thrombosis is a rare incident in COVID-19 patients, but due to irreversible complications, an early diagnosis is fundamental. In any neurologic change in COVID-19 patients, CSVT must be considered. Also, prophylactic thrombolytic therapy should be kept in mind as the patient is admitted.
Background: Limited evidence exists regarding adverse modifications affecting cardiovascular and pulmonary function in physical active adults affected by COVID-19, especially in athletic populations. ...We aimed to describe the clinical presentation of COVID-19 in a cohort of competitive athletes, as well as spirometry and echocardiography findings and cardio-respiratory performance during exercise. Methods: Twenty-four competitive athletes with COVID-19 were recruited for this study after ending self-isolation and confirmation of negative laboratory results. All athletes underwent clinical evaluation, spirometry, echocardiography and cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET). These data were compared to a group of healthy control athletes. Results: Anosmia was the most frequent symptom present in 70.83% patients, followed by myalgia, fatigue and ageusia. The most frequent persisting symptoms were anosmia 11 (45.83%) and ageusia 8 (33.33%). Compared to controls, COVID-19 patients presented lower FEV1%: 97.5 (91.5–108) vs. 109 (106–116) p = 0.007. Peak Oxygen Uptake (VO2) in COVID-19 patients was 50.1 (47.7–51.65) vs. 49 (44.2–52.6) in controls (p = 0.618). Conclusions: Reduced exercise capacity was not identified and pulmonary and cardiovascular function are not impaired during early recovery phase in a population of physical active adults except FEV1 reduction.
Hipertensão arterial sistêmica (HAS) e diabetes mellitus (DM) são dois dos principais fatores de risco para a mortalidade por COVID-19.
Descrever a prevalência e o perfil clínico-epidemiológico de ...óbito por COVID-19 ocorridos em Pernambuco, Brasil, entre 12 de março e 14 de maio de 2020 entre pacientes que possuíam hipertensão arterial sistêmica e/ou diabetes mellitus como doenças prévias.
Estudo observacional transversal. Foram analisadas as seguintes variáveis: município de procedência, sexo, faixa etária, tempo entre o início dos sinais/sintomas e o óbito, sinais/sintomas, tipo de comorbidades e hábitos de vida. Variáveis categóricas foram descritas por meio de frequências e variáveis contínuas por meio de medidas de tendência central e de dispersão. Os testes de Mann-Whitney e Kruskal-Wallis foram utilizados.
Dos 1.276 registros incluídos no estudo, 410 apresentavam HAS e/ou DM. A prevalência de HAS foi 26,5% (n=338) e de DM foi 19,7% (n=252). Dos registros, 158 (12,4%) eram de pacientes que possuíam somente HAS, 72 (5,6%) somente DM e 180 (14,1%) apresentavam HAS e DM. Dos indivíduos com HAS, 53,3% apresentavam DM e 71,4% dos diabéticos apresentam HAS. A mediana (em dias) do tempo entre o início dos sinais/sintomas e o desfecho óbito foi 8,0 (IIQ 9,0), sem diferença significativa entre os grupos de comorbidades (p=0,633), sexo (p=0,364) e faixa etária (p=0,111). Observou-se maior prevalência de DM e HAS na população masculina (DM — 61,3% eram homens e 38,9% mulheres; HAS — 53,2% eram homens e 46,8% mulheres). Os sinais/sintomas mais frequentes foram dispneia (74,1%; n=304), tosse (72,2%; n=296), febre (68,5%; n=281) e saturação de O2<95% (66,1%; n=271). Dos hipertensos, 73,3% (n=100) apresentavam outras comorbidades/fatores de risco associados, e 54,2% (n=39) dos diabéticos apresentavam outras comorbidades/fatores de risco associados. Destacaramse as cardiopatias (19,5%; n=80), obesidade (8,3%; n=34), doença respiratória prévia (7,3%; n=30) e nefropatia (7,8%; n=32). A prevalência de tabagismo foi 8,8% (n=36) e de etilismo alcançou 3,4% (n=14).
O estudo mostrou que a prevalência de HAS foi superior à prevalência de DM nos indivíduos que foram a óbito por COVID-19. Em idosos, a prevalência foi superior à observada em indivíduos não idosos.
During the COVID-19 pandemic, Spain ranked 1st in number of infected health workers. Despite the fact that up to 75% of them were women, psychological interventions to prevent distress usually lacked ...a gender perspective and a biopsychosocial approach.
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