Südkärnten/Južna Koroška vollzog in den ungefähr letzten 100 Jahren einen ethnischen und sprachlichen Wandel. Die slowenische Sprache ist in der Kulturlandschaft zwar nach wie vor präsent, doch hat ...sie in weiten Teilen die Rolle einer vielverstandenen und vielgesprochen Umgangssprache eingebüßt. Der sich verändernde Stellenwert der slowenischen Sprache wird in diesem Beitrag anhand der Südkärntner Erinnerungskultur unter besonderer Berücksichtigung der Erinnerungszeichen des Totengedenkens untersucht (Friedhöfe und Grabsteine sowie Kriegerdenkmäler). Diese Erinnerungskultur, die auch als Sepulkralkultur bezeichnet werden kann, ist v.a. von den Gewalterfahrungen des 20. Jahrhunderts und der schwindenden Bedeutung der slowenischen Sprache geprägt.
Introduction
. The article examines the trajectory of the life of a representative of the officer corps of the Russian Imperial Army, military engineer Vladimir Apollonovich Antonov. This choice is ...explained by the fact that recently the issues of studying the biographies of representatives of Russian emigration have become very relevant.
Materials and methods
. The authors of the article conducted a microhistoric study of the fate of one of these representatives, which demonstrated both typical and special episodes from his life. The basis of the work was the data of Address calendars and Commemorative books of the Vyatka and Tambov provinces, materials of the State Archive of the Tambov region and the Russian State Military Historical Archive.
Results.
As a result of studying various sources, it was possible to compile a description of our hero's youthful years during his studies in Tambov. Consider the nuances associated with obtaining a military education, starting service, acquiring the first combat experience and completing training at the military academy. Having studied the documents of the period of the First World War, the authors were able to trace the combat path of Vladimir Apollonovich, who was awarded several awards. During the "troubled" period of the Civil War, it was possible to find out the fact of his participation in the ranks of the white movement and emigration. The apotheosis of the research was the fate of V.A. Antonov abroad, where he was able to realize his vocation and enter the history of the city of Kumanovo. In addition, the result of the work was the clarification of some inaccuracies and errors made earlier in the works of some researchers.
Conclusion
. Conducting such studies allows us to give an objective assessment of the multifaceted fate of the Russian military emigration, which represented an impressive layer of our compatriots who found themselves in the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes.
The Historical Uncanny explores how certain memories become inscribed into the heritage of a country or region while others are suppressed or forgotten. In response to the erasure of historical ...memories that discomfit a public's self-understanding, this book proposes the historical uncanny as that which resists reification precisely because it cannot be assimilated to dominant discourses of commemoration. Focusing on the problems of representation and reception, the book explores memorials for two marginalized aspects of Holocaust: the Nazi euthanasia program directed against the mentally ill and disabled and the Fascist persecution of Slovenes, Croats, and Jews in and around Trieste. Reading these memorials together with literary and artistic texts, Knittel redefines "sites of memory" as assemblages of cultural artifacts and discourses that accumulate over time; they emerge as a physical and a cultural space that is continually redefined, rewritten, and re-presented. In bringing perspectives from disability studies and postcolonialism to the question of memory, Knittel unsettles our understanding of the Holocaust and its place in the culture of contemporary Europe.
The paper discusses the role of the Slovene umbrella organizations SKGZ and SSO in the field of political participation of Slovenes in Italy. From a theoretical point of vhew the authors highlight ...important aspects of the role of umbrella organizations as a view of political participation of national minorities. Moreover, based on the results of an empirical study on representation in organizations of the Slovene community in Italy, they analyse major dilemmas of their functioning related to representation, decision-making processes (in the organization) and leadership and introduce a discussion on possible solutions.
Based on published and unpublished archival sources of Yugoslav and Soviet origin, as well as relevant memoirs and historiography, the article examines the course of negotiations between the Yugoslav ...and Soviet diplomatic representatives in 1918-1924 on mutual recognition and establishment of regular diplomatic relations. The circumstances under which the negotiations began, the reasons that prompted both sides to them, the influence of the interested powers and the Yugoslav Little Entente allies are analyzed. The diplomatic steps taken by the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes immediately after the end of the First World War and aimed at normalizing relations with the largest and most important Slavic country coincided with the efforts of the revolutionary authorities of Russia to break out of isolation and take their place in the international community. Although mutual interests dictated the rapid and effective normalization, a number of factors caused the failure of negotiations. There were fears in Yugoslavia that mutual recognition would lead to a strengthening of the role of Communists in society and that Bolshevik propaganda would undermine the foundations of the existing state system. In addition, the tacit and often direct support of various separatist political groups in Yugoslavia by the Bolsheviks was particularly suspicious. Despite a number of significant political factors and support for rapprochement with the Soviets of a significant part of society, the most influential figures of the Radical Party led by Nikola Pashich, as well as King Alexander Karageorgievich, reacted negatively to this idea.
Zakonodaja avstrijske monarhije je pridobitev državljanstva določala v Občem državljanskem zakoniku iz leta 1811. Po mnenju številnih zgodovinarjev je bila tako zakonodaja kot sama praksa ...naturalizacije v avstrijskega državljana zelo inkluzivna oziroma vključujoča. Nastanek nove države Kraljevine Srbov, Hrvatov in Slovencev je zaradi širših vseevropskih procesov spremenil to zakonodajo. V koncept reguliranja državljanstva so začele vstopati povsem nove kategorije kot rasa, nacionalna pripadnost itd. V zadnjem delu razprave bodo tako predstavljene različne odločitve in logike izbire nekaterih akterjev.
Following contemporary approaches and current trends in historiography, the book in 18 papersdeals with the history of Slovene and neighbouring territories in the Middle Ages, and Slovene ...historiography related to the period. It makes the medieval history of this part of Europe accessible to the widest range of researchers.
In this paper, author discusses and analyzes the normative regulation of the position of city officials and civil servants, their legal status and the payment system in the Osijek city administration ...in the period from the proclamation of the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes in 1918 to the promulgation of the 1934 Municipalities Act. In covering the topic, the author primarily used the relevant legislation and the archival material available at the State Archives in Osijek. Considering the position of city officials and civil servants in the city of Osijek between the two world wars in relation to their position during the Austro-Hungarian Empire, the normative analysis shows that city officials and civil servants were part of the occupational classification system in the interwar period. The city employees were ranked according to types of occupations and the level of professional qualifications required to perform them. Until then, the salaries of city employees were regulated by Austro-Hungarian laws, according to which there were wage classes, and city municipalities had some kind of financial autonomy in determining the amount of salaries of city employees. A significant novelty in the inter-war period was the established system of dividing payments into basic and position wages, including bonuses. The salaries of city employees were made equal to those of state servants. It resulted in introducing an evaluation system which was directly related to the exercise of individual rights and determining the responsibilities of city employees. The Statutes related to the evaluation system included the possibility of promotion and demotion (to a higher or a lower payment class), termination of service, and loss of pension. Consequently, it may be concluded that the main purpose of the evaluation system was to institute the standards for rewards or penalties.
During the reign of Maria Theresia and her son Emperor Joseph II, Trieste was completely rebuilt and became an attractive freetax port of the Habsburg Empire. From the beginning of the eighteenth ...century to the first decade of the twentieth century, the population of Trieste increased from 5,000 to 230,000 inhabitants with an incredible number of migrants coming from Central Europe and the Mediterranean coastal areas. The multiethnic middle class obtained a series of privileges never granted before to the nobility, and its status is recognisable through the passion for chamber music and symphonies of Wiener Klassik, played both in private and public concerts. With the help of Czech intellectuals and musicians, during the 1860s the native Slovenes established a group of societies in which Romantic music and national anthems or Lieder were played. This trend culminated in the foundation of the Narodni dom (National House) and the Glasbena matica (Slovene Music Society). At the same time, the Italian nationalists maintained partial control of the Opera house, and the German minority reacted with the Schillerverein, in which Julius Heller spent his energies in spreading the music of Romantic and late-Romantic authors. Despite the political clash, the three groups gave significant impulse to instrumental music, which has marked the culture of Trieste.
