Über uns der Ideenhimmel, in uns das Bewusstsein und dazwischen: die Religion als Bestandteil der soziokulturellen Wirklichkeit. Volkhard Krech entfaltet in seinem soziologischen Grundriss der ...religiösen Evolution das Verständnis von Religion als Kommunikation, die zwischen den Menschen entsteht und stattfindet.In seiner Analyse zur Ausdifferenzierung des Religiösen, die Bezug auf die Evolutionstheorie, Systemtheorie und eine semiotisch informierte Kommunikationstheorie nimmt, bewegt er sich in der Zirkularität von Gegenwart und Geschichte. Dabei macht er Religion als Sinnform zur Bearbeitung unbestimmbarer Kontingenz begreifbar.
O pluralismo, em Peter Berger, é um conceito associado ao fenômeno social, modernidade, escolha individual, diversidade de religiões e nas religiões. Nossa tese é que o pluralismo problematizado dá ...lugar a possibilidades e limites para um estudo crítico da dupla pertença religiosa que inclua as abordagens teórica e empírica. O objetivo geral consistirá no exame epistemológico do pluralismo. Os objetivos específicos serão: 1 compreender o conceito de pluralismo em Berger; 2 e delimitar possibilidades e limites da visão bergeriana de pluralismo, para o estudo crítico da dupla pertença. Na metodologia do texto, a primeira parte tratará do pluralismo em Berger, enquanto a segunda consistirá em possibilidades e limites da abordagem de Berger do pluralismo, para a pesquisa crítica da dupla pertença. Chegamos a dois resultados: a é possível, desde a sociologia da religião de Berger, uma abordagem empírica da dupla pertença que opere com hipóteses deduzidas da análise crítica do pluralismo a serem confirmadas ou refutadas em campo; e b à luz da sociologia bergeriana, o estudo científico da prática de duplo pertencimento se limitaria à abordagem empírica. A conclusão é que, em Ciência da Religião, o estudo crítico da pertença a duas religiões conciliaria as abordagens empírica e teórica.
In the article the problem of diglossia in the Christmas carol of Hutsuls based on theinteraction of Christian and heathen elements is discussed. The sources of the study arethe texts of the ...Christmas carol which were recorded in the village of Kryvorivnia (Verkhovynadistrict, Ivano-Frankivsk region). These texts are analyzed in a diachronic section:the phenomena of Christianization and dual-faith and their implementation in the Christmascarol tradition of Hutsuls are considered. Based on the content and formal analysis of thetext of the Christmas carol, the main motifs and images are singled out. It is emphasizedthat in these motifs and images of diglossia features are realized.The article outlines the main ideological principles, embodied in Christmas carols, andanalyzes the main thematic features of the calendar ritual folklore of a winter cycle. Thediff erentiation of terminology, content and formal features of church carols and carols wasalso conducted. Based on the results of the content analysis of the text content of thecarolytic tradition, its main functions are determined. The conclusions state that the modernChristmas carol tradition of Hutsuls reveals a syncretic completion, which combinesChristian and pagan elements, and diglossia features most often appear on the contentlevel. Descriptive and comparative methods, as well as elements of discourse analysis,were used for the study.
Many scholars and citizens alike have counted on civic groups to create broad ties that bind society. Some hope that faith-based civic groups will spread their reach as government retreats. Yet few ...studies ask how, if at all, civic groups reach out to their wider community. Can religious groups--long central in civic America--create broad, empowering social ties in an unequal, diverse society?
Eating together unites people and has a significant impact on their physical, social, and emotional development. This book looks at practices and traditions of sharing food prevalent among major ...religious communities in India, including Hinduism, Buddhism, Jainism, Sikhism, Christianity, and Islam. Food insecurity is one of the major problems every country in the world is facing today because of increasing population, climate change, agrarian distress, wars and conflicts, and the COVID-19 pandemic. Including case studies from across India, this book examines the necessity and effectiveness of food-sharing practices in temples, mosques, and gurudwaras, among others. Emphasising the importance of these practices for the social and physical well-being of the most vulnerable sections of society, it showcases how traditional religious practices of food sharing have contributed to tackling hunger, especially during the COVID-19 pandemic. The volume also offers long-term solutions to address underlying issues which cause hunger and food insecurity. One of the first to study food sharing and alms-giving practices in India, this book will be an essential read for scholars and researchers of sociology, anthropology, food studies, religion, security studies, political economy, public policy, and South Asian history and culture.
The thought of Ahl al-ḥadīth, which emerged as a reaction movement in a period when the pressure of different cultures on Islamic-Arab culture increased, crystallized in the mihna process. The ...outcome of the mihna process in favor of the Ahl al-ḥadīth has elevated the thought of the Ahl al-ḥadīth to a decisive position on Islamic thought. In order to understand the Islamic thought and scientific tradition in a healthy way, the thought of Ahl al-ḥadīth should be handled from different perspectives. Generally, the method of examining the issues of Ahl al-ḥadīth is to compile the narrations related to the subject from the narration heritage and to express their own thoughts through narration texts. One of the exceptions to this is Dārimī. He defended the thoughts of Ahl al-ḥadīth in a theological style in his works. Therefore, he has important contributions to the systematization of the Ahl al-ḥadīth thought. In this study, the views of Dârimî, who is one of the important representatives of Ahl al-ḥadīth thought, on the Qur'an and its interpretation are discussed. With this study, it is aimed to reveal the approach of the Ahl al-ḥadīth about the Qur'an and its interpretation, in particular Dārimī. Discuss in his views from different aspects will contribute to the understanding of the Ahl al-ḥadīth thought with all its dimensions. Literature review, document analysis and description method were used in the study. Dārimī's works that have survived to the present day were scanned and the data obtained were analyzed and transferred to the study. The main problem that Darimi deals with regarding the Qur'an is the issue of the creation of the Qur'an. According to him, the Qur'an was not created because it is a word from God. He used the Qur'an, the Sunnah, the views of the Ṣaḥābah and the Tābiʻīn as a source in his tafsīr. According to him, tafsīr is a matter of narration. Because narrations give the meaning of text. It is a deviation to go beyond the meaning that the narrations describe and to move away from the literal meaning. Dārimī often emphasizes the context in understanding the Qur'an and determining the meaning of the word, and argues that the meaning emerges in the context. Therefore, he is based on the literal meaning obtained from the context of the text and the general use of language.
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The aim of this study was to determine if religiosity, involving dimensions such as ideology, intellect, experience, private and public practice, is related to fear of death and to test if it has a ...role in predicting its dimensions, which are fear of death and dying of self, and fear of death and dying of others. The predictive values of the control variables (gender, age) were also tested. The data was collected using the Collett-Lester Fear of Death Scale – Revised (CLFODS-R; Lester & Abdel-Khalek, 2003) and The Centrality of Religiosity Scale (CRS-15; Huber & Huber, 2012) on a sample of 735 participants, both male (N=214) and female (N=521), aged 18-70 (M=35.62, SD=11.23). When it comes to predicting fear of death using the hierarchical regression analysis, gender and age were included in the first step in every model, while religiosity dimensions were included in the second step of all the analyses. All the models were statistically significant. The results of the hierarchical regression analysis showed that significant predictors of fear of death of self in the first step (R2=.065, F(2,732)=25.611, p=.000) were age (β=-.155, p=.000) and gender (β=.226, p=.000), and in the second (R2=.087, F(7,727)=9.914, p=.000) gender (β=.213, p=.000), age (β=-.134, p=.000), and religious experience (β=.171, p=.011). Gender was the only significant predictor of fear of dying of self in the first (β=.234, p=.000; R 2=.056, F(2,732)=21.774, p=.000), and in the second step ((β=.237, p=.000; R 2=.061, F(7,727)=6.786, p=.000). Significant predictors of fear of death of others in the first step (R2=.087, F(2,732)=34.956, p=.000) were gender (β=.293, p=.000) and age (β=- .097, p=.006), and in the second (R2=.112, F(7,727)=13.118, p=.000) gender (β=.266, p=.000), age (β=-.094, p=.011), intellect (β=-.144, p=.001), and experience (β=.147, p=.027). A significant predictor of fear of dying of others in the first step (R2=.081, F(2,732)=32.077, p=.000) was gender (β=.283, p=.000). In the second step (R2=.100, F(7,727)=11.574, p=.000) significant predictors were gender (β=.256, p=.000), intellect (β=-.147, p=.001), and experience (β=.152, p=.023). There are differences regarding the level of fear of death when groups of non-religious, moderately, and highly religious respondents are compared, where moderately religious respondents expressed higher fear of death of self than non-religious ones (F(2,732)=16.149, p=.000), while highly religious respondents expressed the lowest fear of dying of self when compared to moderately and non-religious respondents (F(2,732)=8.044, p=.000). Based on the results obtained it could be said that religiosity, more precisely its components intellect and experience, gender and age are significant predictors of fear of death. Further research is advised.
This volume compiles reflection and guidance from experienced researchers on constructive pathways and pitfalls to avoid in designing and executing multidisciplinary research on religions, beliefs, ...and religious behaviour.
