本文以期刊Knowledge Organization（知識組織）1993年至2008年論文215篇為研究對象，依據Classification System for Knowledge Organization ...Literature（知識組織文獻分類系統）歸類其內容，分析16年間論文主題分佈。論文最多的五個主題依次是：理論基礎與一般問題、分類系統與索引典的結構與建構、語言與術語知識表達、國際分類系統與索引典、分類與索引方法論。本研究發現知識組織研究，已完成研究階段任務者為國際分類與索引典及字彙對映與互通性兩個主題，持續進行研究的包括理論基礎、分類與索引典結構、語言與知識表達等，而處於初始階段的研究包括應用分類與索引及知識組織環境研究。
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We introduce a lexical-based inference approach for identifying subtype (or is_{-}a relation) inconsistencies in biomedical terminologies. Given a terminology, we first represent the name of each ...concept in the terminology as a sequence of words. We then generate hierarchically-linked and-unlinked pairs of concepts, such that the two concepts in a pair have the same number of words, and contain at least one word in common and a fixed number n of different words (n = 1,2,3,4,5). The linked and unlinked concept-pairs further infer corresponding linked and unlinked term-pairs, respectively. If a linked concept-pair and an unlinked concept-pair infer the same term-pair, we consider this as a potential subtype inconsistency, which may indicate a missing subtype relation or an incorrect subtype relation. We applied this approach to Gene Ontology (GO), National Cancer Institute thesaurus (NCIt) and SNOMED CT. A total of 4,841 potential subtype inconsistencies were found in GO, 2,677 in NCIt, and 53,782 in SNOMED CT. Domain experts evaluated a random sample of 211 potential inconsistencies in GO, and verified that 124 of them are valid (\mathrm {i}.\mathrm {e}., a precision of 58.77% for detecting subtype inconsistencies in GO). We also performed a preliminary study on the extent to which external knowledge in the Unified Medical Language System (UMLS) can provide supporting evidence for validating the detected potential inconsistencies: 0.54% (=26/4841) for GO, 11.43% (=306/2677) for NCIt, and 3.61% (=1940/53782) for SNOMED CT. Results indicate that our lexical-based inference approach is a promising way to identify subtype inconsistencies and facilitates the quality improvement of biomedical terminologies.
The study discusses the effectiveness of applying the model of teaching special vocabulary to students of higher educational institutions through digital resources. An indicator of the effectiveness ...of teaching a foreign language is the formation of foreign language communicative competence among students. The relevance of the research problem is determined by the need to find effective ways of teaching professional vocabulary in a foreign language to students of higher educational institutions. The model of teaching special vocabulary using digital resources, proposed by the authors, for students of the undergraduate program 29.03.04 "Decorative material working techniques" in the context of studying the discipline "Foreign language" has been tested.
Contrasting Internet of Things and Wireless Sensor Network from a Conceptual Overview Manrique, Johana A.; Rueda-Rueda, Johan S.; Portocarrero, Jesus M. T.
2016 IEEE International Conference on Internet of Things (iThings) and IEEE Green Computing and Communications (GreenCom) and IEEE Cyber, Physical and Social Computing (CPSCom) and IEEE Smart Data (SmartData),
2016-Dec.
Conference Proceeding
The number of Internet-connected everyday objects grows thanks to the Internet of Things (IoT). The trend with this new paradigm where smart embedded devices, people, and systems are connected, is ...that over the next few years we could see a shift in the notion of what it means to be "on the Internet". In this context, Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) technology is an essential component of IoT because it consists of a collection of sensor nodes connected through wireless channels, capable of providing digital interfaces to the real-world things. Moreover, as it occurs in IoT, specific WSN applications can be applied to a wide variety of domains like health, agriculture, logistics, wearable computing and others. However, recent works considered as WSN applications are being called as IoT applications without distinguishing the new features that characterize this denomination. Hence, in this paper we propose to contrast IoT and WSN from a conceptual overview, aiming to find out the relationship between them and to highlight their differences in terms of (i) the thesaurus proposed by IEEE, ACM and UNESCO, (ii) by performing a chronological review of the concepts since these terms appeared, (iii) the definition issued by reference organizations and researchers, and (iv) the main application requirements addressed by reference architectures proposed for both fields of study.
In his 1705 Thesaurus the English antiquarian George Hickes published lengthy criticisms of the approach to forged
documents advocated by Jean Mabillon in his seminal De re diplomatica . Mabillon ...argued against rash rejection of
swathes of documents, and emphasized the mixture of genuine and false material in many archives; Hickes alleged
that Mabillon's position would allow even rank forgeries to be defended as genuine. The disagreement between
Hickes and Mabillon casts light on the particular intellectual and religious orientations of the two scholars, but more
broadly on the fault-lines across which debate took place within the Republic of Letters.
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The amount of archaeological literature is growing rapidly. Until recently, these data were only accessible through metadata search. We implemented a text retrieval engine for a large archaeological ...text collection (\(\sim 658\) Million words). In archaeological IR, domain-specific entities such as locations, time periods, and artefacts, play a central role. This motivated the development of a named entity recognition (NER) model to annotate the full collection with archaeological named entities. In this paper, we present ArcheoBERTje, a BERT model pre-trained on Dutch archaeological texts. We compare the model's quality and output on a Named Entity Recognition task to a generic multilingual model and a generic Dutch model. We also investigate ensemble methods for combining multiple BERT models, and combining the best BERT model with a domain thesaurus using Conditional Random Fields (CRF). We find that ArcheoBERTje outperforms both the multilingual and Dutch model significantly with a smaller standard deviation between runs, reaching an average F1 score of 0.735. The model also outperforms ensemble methods combining the three models. Combining ArcheoBERTje predictions and explicit domain knowledge from the thesaurus did not increase the F1 score. We quantitatively and qualitatively analyse the differences between the vocabulary and output of the BERT models on the full collection and provide some valuable insights in the effect of fine-tuning for specific domains. Our results indicate that for a highly specific text domain such as archaeology, further pre-training on domain-specific data increases the model's quality on NER by a much larger margin than shown for other domains in the literature, and that domain-specific pre-training makes the addition of domain knowledge from a thesaurus unnecessary.
Terminology and multilingualism have been one of the main focuses of the Athena Project. Linked Heritage as a legacy of this project also deals with terminology and bring theory to practice applying ...the recommendations given in the Athena Project. Linked Heritage as a direct follow-up of these recommendations on terminology and multilingualism is currently working on the development of a Terminology Management Platform (TMP). This platform will allow any cultural institution to register, SKOSify and manage its terminology in a collaborative way. This Terminology Management Platform will provide a network of multilingual and cross-domain terminologies. Publisher's Text.
With the development of electronic information technology and the popularity of intelligent mobile devices, more and more mobile terminal Apps have been developed including many English learning ...Apps. This paper aims to design a multi-functional English learning App based on artificial intelligence. The App can use the database comparison technology to generate targeted knowledge points annotation, and has many other functions, such as intelligent selection according to the thesaurus, independent dubbing of videos, remembering words by watching news, and reminding users to review according to the forgetting curve. In this way, users' needs can be met to the maximum extent and English learning interest can be improved. The advantage of this App is that, with the help of artificial intelligence technology, it can obtain users' usage habits and recommend appropriate learning materials to users with different English levels according to their individual needs. It strives to make the software design more humanized, intelligent and easy to use in order to provide effective help for the user's English learning.
