The duel, and the codes of honour that governed duelling,
functioned for decades in many European and Latin American
countries as a shadow legal system, regulating in practice what
legislators felt ...free to say and what journalists felt free to
write. Yet the duel was also an act of potentially deadly violence
and a challenge to the authority of statutory law. When duelling
became widespread in early twentieth-century Uruguay, legislators
facing this dilemma chose the unique and radical path of
legalization. The Pen, the Sword, and the Law explores how
the only country in the world to decriminalize duelling managed the
tension between these informal but widely accepted "gentlemanly
laws" and its own criminal code. The duel, which remained legal
until 1992, was meant to ensure civility in politics and decorum in
the press, but it often failed to achieve either. Drawing on rich
and detailed newspaper reports of duels and challenges,
parliamentary debates, legal records, private papers, and
interviews, David Parker examines the role of pistols and sabres in
shaping the everyday workings of a raucous public sphere.
Demonstrating that the duel was no simple throwback to archaic
conceptions of masculine honour and chivalry, The Pen, the
Sword, and the Law illustrates how duelling went hand in hand
with democracy and freedom of the press in one of South America's
most progressive nations.
Esta presentación da cuenta de la investigación de tesis de Maestría, del Instituto de Derechos Humanos de la Facultad de Ciencias Jurídica y Sociales (UNLP) que propone una evaluación de la ...política pública educativa, a partir de la incorporación de la Educación en Derechos Humanos (EDH) en la Ley General de Educación, N° 18.437, de diciembre 2008. Comprende a la EDH como una disciplina compleja y busca identificar fortalezas y debilidades a partir de su instauración como eje transversal. Se describen las relaciones entre la ley, el currículo y las prácticas educativas - los tres elementos que hacen a la incorporación de los derechos humanos en la educación.
We report chromium (Cr) isotope compositions and concentrations (and additional geochemical and physicochemical data) of bedrock, soils and river waters from two geographically distinct basaltic ...river catchments, the Uruguay River catchment (Uruguay) and the Glenariff River catchment (Northern Ireland, United Kingdom), to investigate the processes that control Cr mobilisation and fractionation during weathering and riverine transport to the sea. Our results show that the Cr isotope compositions of soils are a function of the modal abundance and weathering rates of Cr-bearing minerals. The accumulation of weathering resistant Cr-spinels in the soils of Northern Ireland results in soils which are enriched in Cr and have δ53Cr values within the range of local bedrock (δ53Cr value of −0.21±0.12‰, 2σ, n=4). By contrast, the more easily weathered Cr-silicates in the bedrock of Uruguay results in greater Cr loss from the soil and a depletion in the heavy isotopes of Cr (with average δ53Cr value of −0.32±0.04‰, 2σ, n=4) relative to the local bedrock (δ53Cr value of −0.22±0.08‰, 2σ, n=4). The river waters in both catchments are predominantly enriched in the heavy 53Cr isotope relative to bedrock, although the range and average river water δ53Cr values differ significantly between each. The Uruguay rivers exhibit a restricted range in δ53Cr values, with a mean of +0.08±0.06‰ (2σ, n=5) that represents a positive fractionation of +0.2‰ relative to bedrock, and is best explained by the unidirectional formation of Cr(VI) during weathering that has not been significantly modified by back-reduction to Cr(III). By contrast, the Glenariff stream and river waters (Northern Ireland) exhibit a wide range in δ53Cr values from −0.17±0.3‰ (2σ, n=4) to +1.68±0.3‰ (n=1) that appears to reflect the variable redox conditions of the catchment. In general, the values with the lowest 53Cr enrichment have higher Cr concentrations, the lowest pH, highest dissolved organic carbon (DOC), and exhibit minimal Ce anomalies that is consistent with a greater proportion of Cr(III) released from more reducing (bog influenced) stream waters. The remaining waters have lower Cr concentrations, lower DOC, and more pronounced Ce anomalies, indicating that a greater proportion of Cr(VI) underwent partial back-reduction to Cr(III) either during weathering, or during riverine transport. Overall, the DOC appears to exert a control on the dissolved Cr speciation and magnitude of isotope fractionation in these river waters. The broader implications of these observations are that the prevailing redox conditions in a river catchment strongly influence the δ53Cr value of the river water flux emptying into seawater. Observations for this study need to be considered when developing a framework for interpreting palaeo-climates from the δ53Cr values of ancient authigenic marine sediments.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZRSKP
Borrowing from the old adage, we might say that to the victor belongs the history. One of the privileges gained in colonizing the New World was the power to tell the definitive stories of the ...struggle. The heroic texts depicting the discovery of territories, early encounters with indigenous peoples, and the ultimate subjection of land and  cultures to European nation-states all but erase the vanquished. In Forgotten Conquests , Gustavo Verdesio argues that these master narratives represent only one of many possible histories and suggests a way of reading them in order to discover the colonial subjects who did not produce documents. Verdesio read the key texts relating to the struggles for possession of River Plate's northern shore -- present-day Uruguay. He probes them for traces of conflicts in meaning and the agency of Amerindians, gauchos, Africans, and women -- the subjected peoples that the texts try to silence. The narrators, speaking for their culture, assume the role of knowing subject, repressing all other voices, epistemologies, and acts of resistance. Verdesio's tasks are to listen for those that the Europeans represented as an unintelligible Other, to draw them into the foreground, and to decolonize their histories. By unpacking these texts, Verdesio shows that from the European point of view, the colonial encounter draws the New World into historical time and ushers in a new concept of knowledge. For the first time, the historian's role is to discover, to interpret eyewitness testimonies and first-hand experience, to write 'a new history of admirable things.' Even in this reconstruction of historical truth, Old World ideology drives the narratives, whose chief purpose is to justify conquest. Forgotten Conquests lays bare the discursive strategies that generated the founding texts of Latin American history and engulfed its subjected peoples in silence for 500 years.
Focusing on the cultural practices of the lower classes and specifically on the productions of the murgas, Carnival Theater is a consideration of Uruguayan society’s identity crisis and subsequent ...redefinition in the wake of the regimes of the 1970s. A revealing work of cultural criticism, the book proposes a new set of criteria for the critique of national culture._x000B_
Más que nunca Nicolás Etcheverry Estrázulas
Revista de derecho (Universidad de Montevideo (1997- ). Facultad de Derecho),
12/2019, Volume:
18, Issue:
36
Journal Article
Peer reviewed
Open access
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Whalebacks, roche moutonnées, and S-forms carved on Ediacaran granitoids near Cerro de las Cuentas, Uruguay, along with overlying diamictites, siltstones, and sandstones displaying soft-sediment ...grooved and striated surfaces in the Pennsylvanian San Gregorio Formation, record the glacial to post-glacial transition in the linked Norte, southern Paraná and Chaco-Paraná basins of Uruguay, Brazil, and Argentina respectively. Early authors reported these features resulted from subglacial abrasion and deposition as lodgement tills and glaciotectonites. Our re-examination reveals a nuanced setting with changing ice thicknesses, subglacial kinematics, and ice proximal glaciomarine dynamics associated with advance and retreat of an ice stream, or multiple advances of the Uruguayan Ice lobe, during glaciation of the Late Paleozoic Ice Age (LPIA) in these basins. The preserved landforms indicate temperate glacial conditions. Whalebacks formed under 1.6 to 2.5 km-thick ice and likely formed when the lobe extended across the Uruguayan and Rio Grande do Sul shields into the adjacent Paraná Basin. Previously unidentified m-scale roches moutonnées cut into one whaleback developed under thinner ice where reduced basal pressure allowed for the opening of air and water-filled cavities, thus facilitating quarrying on the lee side of basement bumps. S-forms provide additional evidence for the occurrence of subglacial waters, indicating that the basal ice was at or above its pressure melting point. The lower meter of the overlying strata consists of interstratified trace fossil-bearing, laminated siltstones; thin-bedded diamictites; and current-rippled sandstones. Trace fossils belonging to the Mermia ichnofacies within the basal siltstones, as well as acritarchs in the overlying siltstones, suggest that these sediments were deposited in ice-proximal subaqueous settings with contributions from meltwater discharge. Graded siltstone laminae suggest settling from suspension likely from meltwater plumes, while thin-bedded diamictites were deposited either as debris flows or as two-component sedimentation with fines settling from suspension and coarser particles introduce as iceberg-rafted dropstones. Current-rippled sandstones indicate the occurrence of underflow currents. Soft-sediment troughs, grooves, and striations cutting these sediments display curved and sinuous paths with some features oriented perpendicular, and one oriented opposite to the overall trend. They contain marginal and terminal berms typical of iceberg scour marks suggesting transit across the area by icebergs calving from a tidewater ice front located to the SE.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP
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