Zadnjeg desetljeća XVIII. stoljeća u Vukovaru se ponovo pojavila kuga, nakon pedesetogodišnjeg izbivanja. Kako u to vrijeme još nije bio poznat uzročnik tako su bile nepoznate i učinkovite metode ...liječenja. Unatoč tome, Vukovar je imao relativno mali broj okuženih i umrlih u odnosu na druga mjesta u Srijemu. Cilj rada je, na temelju dostupnih izvora i literature, predstaviti kronologiju događanja u Vukovaru, od pojave patogenog agensa do konačnog oslobađanja ovog srijemskog trgovišta od kuge. Zahvaljujući sačuvanoj arhivskoj građi moguće je preispitati ukupan broj umrlih i utvrditi stopu smrtnosti u Vukovaru. Na temelju nekoliko izvora kreiran je objedinjeni popis umrlih osoba tijekom epidemije tzv. Srijemske kuge u Vukovaru.
In the last decade of the 18th century, after being absent for fifty years, the plague appeared again in Vukovar. At the time the pathogen was unknown, as were methods of effective treatment. Nonetheless, Vukovar exhibited a rather low number of infected persons and deaths in comparison to other places in Syrmia. On the basis of preserved archival materials, it is possible to investigate the overall number of deaths and the mortality rate in Vukovar. Furthermore, this paper provides an explanation for the low number of deaths during the epidemic in Vukovar in 1795/96. Insight into accessible literature allowed the chronology of the epidemic to be established, from the appearance of the pathogenic agent in the settlement until this Syrmian market town was finally cleared of the plague. Through the analysis of a number sources, a consolidated list of deaths caused by the Syrmian plague in Vukovar has been created.
CROATIAN DISPUTES OVER THE MEMORY OF VUKOVAR The Battle of Vukovar is one of the main accords of the Croatian war 1991- 1995. As a result of the 87-day siege, most of the buildings were destroyed. To ...this day, different narratives about those events and contrary concepts of commemorating the victims clash in Croatia. Nationalists want it to remain a symbol of martyrdom, while liberal circles call for making it a center of dialogue and tolerance. Unfortunately, so far the first of these options is winning, and poor, under-invested Vukovar is constantly depopulating.
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Spatial and temporal characterization of soil properties in agro-ecosystems is crucial for monitoring the evolution of soil functions and for understanding the main influential processes. Moreover, ...the objective mapping of soil properties in agro-ecosystems is urgently needed for regional planning purposes and the proper choice of land management practices. In this work, the geostatistical analysis of a dataset of soil properties, derived from 2411 soil samples collected in Vukovar-Srijem County (Croatia), highlighted the multiple benefits of a spatial-statistical approach. The main aim of this paper is to jointly examine short-range (i.e., within-field) and regional spatial variability of several soil chemical properties: soil pH, organic matter (OM), plant available phosphorus (AP) and potassium (AK). The available sampling network, characterized by a set of 2411 (0–30cm depth) irregularly and field-clustered soil samples, allowed to derivate of two typologies of soil nutrient maps by means of ordinary block kriging: within-field high-resolution maps (block size 250m) and regional low-resolution maps (block size 2000m). Soil pH and OM had lower variability compared to AP and AK. The OM content and pH ranged from 1.24% to 5.25% and from 3.69 to 7.84, respectively. Almost 94% of all samples had an OM content below 3%, indicating the need for future adoption of environmentally friendly soil management in this county. The mean values of AP and AK were 173mgkg−1 and 238mgkg−1, respectively, indicating a moderate supply of these nutrients. Geostatistical analysis revealed that the best-fit models were spherical for pH and AP, with moderate spatial dependency, and exponential for OM and AK, with strong spatial dependency. The within-field high-resolution soil property maps can be used as guidance for site-specific fertilization and liming. In addition, the regional maps derived for larger interpolation support provide quantitative information for regional planning and environmental monitoring and protection purposes. Consequently, the multi-resolution mapping of soil properties and the analysis of their spatial variability highlighted possible connections with influential factors and processes, including the relationships with different soil types. Finally, quantification of the spatial variability of soil properties by means of variogram models constitutes a basis for optimizing soil sample spacing for mapping purposes in the studied region.
•Short-range and regional spatial variability of soil chemical properties was investigated.•The investigated soil properties (pH, OM, AP and AK) are characterized by different spatial patterns.•The spatial patterns of soil properties suggest the likely influence of antrophic processes.•Occurrence of highly acidic areas are mayor restricting factor for crop production.•Low OM content indicates the need for environmental sustainable management strategies.
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Based on the chamber census of 1728 and Frast’s maps of the noble manor of Vukovar from 1733, the authors have reached conclusions on the socio-economic situation of the newly created Vukovar estate ...using quantitative methods. The analysis of the Chamber census from 1728 shows the state of economy on the future manor (farming, livestock breeding, and viticulture). Significant differences have been observed in the economic development of different settlement categories (city, marketplace, village). At the current level of research, it has not been possible to conclude whether these differences were caused by the urbanization of Vukovar, which became the seat of the noble manor, and later also of the newly created Syrmian County, or by some other process. The Chamber census allows us to determine the amount of tax burden, as well as the manorial income on the basis of which the Palace Chamber determined the value of the future manor and the amount that the new owner had to pay into the treasury of the Palace Chamber for the ownership right of the female line of the Küffstein family.
Kultura sjećanja shvaćena kao tumačenje značenja i važnosti pojedinih prošlih događaja i razdoblja za život različitih društvenih grupa zadobila je veliku važnost u suvremenom svijetu te pobudila ...velik znanstveni interes. U ovom radu postavljaju se pitanja na koji su način predstavnici Katoličke crkve u Hrvatskoj pristupali i oblikovali kulturu sjećanja na Vukovarsku bitku, na koji način su se odnosili prema žrtvama rata ali i izražavali stavove o društvu, državi i međuetničkim odnosima. Istraživanje je provedeno metodom kvalitativne analize sadržaja pri čemu su analizirani stavovi prema značenju te bitke predstavnika Katoličke crkve preneseni u tiskanom izdanju novina Glas Koncila. Na temelju provedenog istraživanja izvode se tri zaključka, a to su, kao prvo, da predstavnici Crkve drže izuzetno važnim održavanje sjećanja na bitku i to osobito na pamćenje žrtava. Drugi zaključak je da se inzistira na jednoj istini koju treba pamtiti i koja se ne smije relativizirati. Treći je zaključak da usprkos svemu lošem što se u Vukovaru dogodilo, treba izvući poruku dobra iz toga strašnog povijesnog događaja te kroz tu poruku ustrajati na održavanju solidarnosti važnih društvenih zajednica, a to su domovina i obitelj.
In 1991, Snežana Žabić lost her homeland and most of her family’s book and record collection during the Yugoslav Wars that had been sparked by Slobodan Milošević’s relentless pursuit of power. She ...became a teenage refugee, forced to flee Croatia and the atrocities of war that had leveled her hometown of Vukovar. She and her family remained refugees in Serbia until NATO bombed Belgrade in 1999. After witnessing the first nights of NATO’s bombing, Žabić took flight again. She moved from country to country, city to city, finally settling in Chicago. She realized — reluctantly, because she didn’t want to relive the past — that she had to write about what had happened, what she had left behind, and what she had lost. Broken Records is the story of this loss, told with unflinching honesty, free of sentimentality or sensationalism. For the very first time, we learn how it felt to be first a regular teenager during the breakup of Yugoslavia and the ensuing wars, and then a 30-something adult, perennially troubled by one’s uprooted existence. Broken Records is not a neat narrative but a bit of everything — part bildungsroman, part memoir, part political poetry, part personal pop culture compendium. And while Žabić represents a Yugoslav diasporan subject, her book also belongs to an international generation whose formative years straddle the Cold War and the global reconfiguration of wealth and power, whose lives were spent shifting from the vinyl/analog era to the cyber/digital era. This generation knows that when they were told about history ending, they were told a lie..
This paper seeks to answer to what extent the city of Vukovar is divided and in which way this division is geographically imagined and embedded in everyday life. Since each case of divided cities is ...driven by different factors and consists of different manifestations, case study design is the most appropriate one for researching micro-divisions in this post-conflict area. The case study of Vukovar is interesting because war legacy influenced new local policies and politics; open border issues affect bilateral relations on State level; and micro-regional frictions show deep identity-based divisions. Regardless of the lack of physical obstacles in the urban structure of the city, the research presents multilevel divisions that are visible in a form of imagined boundaries. Although Vukovar is an ethnically divided city we presume that division(s) lacks any strong geographical (or territorial) aspect. That is why the method of mental mapping on a random based sample of local population is used to compare imagined divisions in everyday life with administrative, ethnical and political ones.
Abstract
Recently opened memorial museums and exhibitions in Croatia museumize the “Homeland War” of 1991 to 1995. This article examines the four major institutions, the Museum of the Homeland War in ...Karlovac as well as three sites in Vukovar: The Memorial Center for the Homeland War, the Memorial Hospital and the Ovčara Memorial Home. This first systematic site analysis compares 1) the overall narratives; 2) how enemy images from World War II are reactivated to demonize “the other”; 3) how women are represented in these war exhibitions; and 4) the topics that are left out. I argue that while there is still no national museum that includes war developments in all of the country, the two big institutions, the Museum in Karlovac and the Center in Vukovar, focus on the “defenders,” as the Croatian fighters are called – while in Karlovac strikingly marginalizing and at the Center completely omitting civilians. War here means (male) soldiers and weapons, while the other two institutions portray individual victims without discussing their biographies. In all sites, Serbs are depicted with reference to World War II: as Chetniks, running “concentration camps” who committed either “urbicide and culturocide” or a “holocaust” against Croats.
Bioeconomy is becoming a more interesting field for investments in the Republic of Croatia, especially in its small regions and local administrative units. Vukovar-Srijem county is one such unit in ...eastern Croatia with noticeable potential for development in a circular, carbon-neutral, and sustainable bioeconomy. Due to the nature potential represented by one of the largest forest reservoirs in Europe-Spačva basin, forestry is one of the most important county branches. Aiming to provide more inputs on the wood biomass management, the study on the biomass flow of Vukovar-Srijem county was conducted in 2020 by collecting data from local stakeholders and official reports. The study results have shown that Vukovar-Srijem county has the potential to increase the efficiency level of biomass use, but specific actions on the value-chain strengthening, finalisation of wood products, and innovative ecosystem establishment are still needed. The results highlight the predominant use of sawdust for heating purposes in the VSC region, suggesting potential for optimizing its utilization towards a circular, carbon-neutral, and sustainable bioeconomy, thus offering novel insights for future research and initiatives aiming to maximize economic and environmental benefits from wood biomass residues.
Human skeletal remains from Bijelo Brdo-Venice Street and
Vukovar-Lijeva Bara have previously been anthropologically
analysed and published, but in this paper cranial traumas are
studied for the ...first time. The sample consists of 84 adult skulls
curated in the Natural History Museum and the Archaeological
Museum in Zagreb. Results showed a high frequency of cranial
trauma (19.0 %) recorded in 16 out of 84 well-preserved skulls.
Although males exhibit twice as many traumas as females (24.4 %
vs. 12.8 %) the difference is not statistically significant. Trauma is
present most frequently on the left side of the skull, and there
is perimortem trauma in both sites, as well as in both sexes; this
indicates the existence of interpersonal violence in these populations..
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