James Kelly Morningstar repairs the fragmentary and incomplete history of events in the Philippine Islands between the surrender of Allied forces in May 1942 and MacArthur's return in October 1944.
Der hier zu besprechende erste Band einer von der Kulturstiftung der Länder und der Stiftung Preußischer Kulturbesitz herausgegebenen neuen Reihe thematisiert ein zentrales Anliegen des ...Deutsch-Russischen Museumsdialogs: Die Reihenherausgeber Hermann Parzinger und Britta Kaiser-Schuster nennen in ihrem Vorwort als Ziele die gemeinsame Erforschung von kriegsbedingt verbrachten Kunst- und Kulturgütern in Russland und Deutschland sowie die Rekonstruktion der Sammlungsgeschichte einzelner Museen, aber auch die Geschichte einzelner Kunstwerke in der Kriegs- und Nachkriegszeit (S. 9). Berlin (Corinna Kuhr-Korolev und Ulrike Schmiegelt-Rietig) bieten, das sei vorweggenommen, eine intensive Auseinandersetzung mit deutschen wie russischen Quellen und Publikationen. Das erste Kapitel (S. 43-66), verfasst von Elena Zubkova, schildert die sowjetische Museumspolitik von 1917 bis zum Beginn des deutsch-sowjetischen Krieges. Im umfangreichsten dritten Kapitel (S. 95-292) über die Museen im Krieg schildern Corinna Kuhr-Korolev (Abschnitte III.1 bis III.5) und Ulrike Schmiegelt-Rietig (Abschnitte III.6 und III.7) die jeweilige Situation vor der deutschen Besetzung (sowjetische Evakuierungsmaßnahmen und das Schicksal der Sammlungsobjekte in der Evakuierung), die Zeit der deutschen Besetzung inklusive der Abtransporte von Kulturgütern, das Schicksal der Zivilbevölkerung und die Befreiung durch die Sowjetarmee. Leider fehlt ein Sachregister. Dieselbe Verkennung findet sich bei Gerhard (auch Gerd) Wunder: Dieser war nicht nur "Mitarbeiter in der HAG Ostland" (S. 40), sondern war zuerst 1940 in Frankreich eingesetzt, führte ab Oktober 1941 das "Sonderkommando Wunder" in der besetzten Sowjetunion, war später Leiter der HAG Ostland und wurde im Januar 1943 Leiter der Abt. Trotz dieser Kritikpunkte eröffnet der vorliegende lesenswerte erste Band die Studien zu kriegsbedingt verlagerten Kulturgütern verdienstvoll.
Full text
Available for:
BFBNIB, NMLJ, NUK, PNG, UL, UM, UPUK, ZRSKP
The historiography of the Great War has been significantly renewed in recent years, yet, despite its crucial social, economic, and cultural importance, the role that fashion played in shaping wartime ...experiences and economies has not yet been addressed. This collection fills this gap in the literature by examining the impact the Great War had on fashion, its industry, and civilians in a transnational context. With contributions from leading experts, Fashion, Society and the First World War explores wartime style and the reframing of selfhood, gender roles, and national identity through clothing and print culture.
The Spanish Civil War created a conflict for Americans who preferred that the United States remain uninvolved in foreign affairs. Despite the country's isolationist tendencies, opposition to the rise ...of fascism across Europe convinced many Americans that they had to act in support of the Spanish Republic. While much has been written about the war itself and its international volunteers, little attention has been paid to those who coordinated these relief efforts at home. American Relief Aid and the Spanish Civil War tells the story of the political campaigns to raise aid for the Spanish Republic as activists pushed the limits of isolationist thinking. Those concerned with Spain's fate held a range of political convictions (including anarchists, socialists, liberals, and communists) with very different understandings of what fascism was. Yet they all agreed that fascism's advance must be halted. With labor strikes, fund- raising parties, and ambulance tours, defenders of Spain in the United States sought to shift the political discussion away from isolation of Spain's elected government and toward active assistance for the faltering Republic. Examining the American political organizations affiliated with this relief effort and the political repression that resulted as many of Spain's supporters faced the early incarnations of McCarthyism's trials, Smith provides new understanding of American politics during the crucial years leading up to World War II. By also focusing on the impact the Spanish Civil War had on those of Spanish ethnicity in the United States, Smith shows how close to home the seemingly distant war really hit.
As a result of the work assembling the documents, memoranda, and reports that constitute the material in The Torture Papers the question of the rationale behind the Bush administration's decision to ...condone the use of coercive interrogation techniques in the interrogation of detainees suspected of terrorist connections was raised. The condoned use of torture in any society is questionable but its use by the United States, a liberal democracy that champions human rights and is a party to international conventions forbidding torture, has sparked an intense debate within America. The Torture Debate in America captures these arguments with essays from individuals in different discipines. This volume is divided into two sections with essays covering all sides of the argument from those who embrace absolute prohibition of torture to those who see it as a viable option in the war on terror and with documents complementing the essays.
Shepherd enters the debate over the wartime behavior of the Wehrmacht with a detailed study of the motivation and conduct of its anti-partisan campaign in the USSR. This book offers a nuanced ...discussion of behaviors within the German army and a compelling exploration of the war and counterinsurgency operations on the eastern front.
The American presidency has long tested the capacity of the system of checks and balances to constrain executive power, especially in times of war. While scholars have examined presidents starting ...military conflicts without congressional authorization or infringing on civil liberties in the name of national security, Stuart Streichler focuses on the conduct of hostilities. Using the treatment of war-on-terror detainees under President George W. Bush as a case study, he integrates international humanitarian law into a constitutional analysis of the repercussions of presidential war powers for human rights around the world. Putting President Bush’s actions in a wider context, Presidential Accountability in Wartime begins with a historical survey of the laws of war, with particular emphasis on the 1949 Geneva Conventions and the Nuremberg Tribunal. Streichler then reconstructs the decision-making process that led to the president’s approval of interrogation methods that violated Geneva’s mandate to treat wartime captives humanely. While taking note of various accountability options—from within the executive branch to the International Criminal Court—the book illustrates the challenge in holding presidents personally responsible for violating the laws of war through an in-depth analysis of the actions taken by Congress, the Supreme Court, and the public in response. In doing so, this book not only raises questions about whether international humanitarian law can moderate wartime presidential behavior but also about the character of the presidency and the American constitutional system of government.
This is the story of how women in France and Britain between 1915 and 1933 appropriated the cultural identity of female war veteran in order to have greater access to public life and a voice in a ...political climate in which women were rarely heard on the public stage. The 'veterans' covered by this history include former nurses, charity workers, secret service agents and members of resistance networks in occupied territory, as well as members of the British auxiliary corps. What unites these women is how they attempted to present themselves as 'female veterans' in order to gain social advantages and give themselves the right to speak about the war and its legacies. Alison S. Fell also considers the limits of the identity of war veteran for women, considering as an example the wartime and post-war experiences of the female industrial workers who led episodes of industrial action.
This book examines the justifications for, and practice of, war by the US since 1990, and examines four case studies: the Gulf War, Kosovo, Afghanistan and Iraq.
The author undertakes an examination ...of presidential speeches and public documents from this period to determine the focal points on which the respective presidents based their rhetoric for war. The work then examines the practice of war in the light of these justifications to determine whether changes in justifications correlate with changes in practice. In particular, the justificatory discourse finds four key themes that emerge in the presidential discourses, which are tracked across the case studies and point to the fundamental driving force in US motivations for going to war. The four key themes which emerge from the data are: international law or norms; human rights; national interest; and egoist morality (similar too, but wider than, 'exceptionalism'). This analysis shows that 9/11 resulted in a radical shift away from an international law and human rights-focused justificatory discourse, to one which was overwhelmingly dominated by egoist-morality justifications and national interest.
This book will be of much interest to students of US foreign policy, humanitarian intervention, Security Studies, and IR theory.
1. Introduction 2. Setting the Context: Intervention and Norms in International Society 3. The Gulf War 4. The Kosovo Intervention 5. The Intervention in Afghanistan 6. The Iraq War 7. Conclusion
Nicholas Kerton-Johnson is Chief Executive Officer of The Ephesus Initiative.
Following the First World War and in actions that challenged Britain's reputation as a liberal democracy, various government departments implemented policies of mass repatriation from Britain of ...populations of colonial and friendly migrants and refugees. Many of those repatriated had played a significant part in the war effort and had given valuable service in the combat zones and on the home front: serving in the armed forces, in labour battalions and employed in key wartime industries, such as munitions work, the merchant navy and wartime construction. This book sets out to uncover why central government decided to implement a policy of repatriation of "friendly" peoples after the war. It also explores the imposition of wartime and post-war legal restrictions on these groups as part of a major shift in policy towards reducing the settlement and limiting the employment of overseas populations in Britain.
PDF
