Fasciculi Mathematici jest międzynarodowym czasopismem matematycznym, w którym publikuje się oryginalne artykuły naukowe zarówno z zakresu matematyki teoretycznej, jak i stosowanej. W szczególności ...zamieszcza się prace z dziedziny analizy funkcjonalnej, równań różniczkowych, równań funkcyjnych, teorii miary, rachunku wariacyjnego, topologii, teorii zbiorów rozmytych, fizyki matematycznej i ekonomii matematycznej. Publikuje się wyłącznie artykuły zawierające nowe twierdzenia, oryginalne metody dowodowe lub pionierskie idee matematyczne.
The „as efficient competitor“-standard has gained great practical significance when assessing exclusionary conduct – not least because of the „more economic approach“. The thesis investigates the ...standard’s historical and economic backgrounds, analyses its history of application and undertakes a critical assessment based on the aforementioned factors. The thesis follows a comparative law approach and is highly interdisciplinary. Thereby it majorly contributes to the controversial topic of how industrial organisation’s findings can be made viable for the application of law in light of versatile shortcomings. It adds to a clarification of the demanding prohibition rules on exclusionary conduct by providing important insights into the application of the „as efficient competitor“ test. By doing so, it aims at attracting the interest of academic scholars as well as professionals.
Laws and regulations affect the daily lives of businesses and citizens. It is important that they are designed in a way that takes account of their social, environmental and business impacts and ...ensures they remain relevant in today's fast-changing context. The second edition of the Better Regulation Practices across the European Union report analyses recent developments and current practices for improving the quality of laws and regulations across all 27 EU Member States and the European Union.
Der Beurteilungsmaßstab des „ebenso effizienten Wettbewerbers“ hat nicht zuletzt im Rahmen des „more economic approach“ große praktische Bedeutung für das Behinderungsmissbrauchsverbot erlangt. Die ...Arbeit geht auf die historischen und ökonomischen Hintergründe des Maßstabs ein, untersucht seine Anwendungsgeschichte und gibt auf dieser Grundlage eine kritische Bewertung ab. Die Arbeit ist rechtsvergleichend und stark interdisziplinär ausgerichtet, wobei sie einen bedeutenden Beitrag zum kontroversen Fragenkomplex leistet, wie Erkenntnisse der Industrieökonomik angesichts vielfältiger Beschränkungen in einen praktikablen Rechtsrahmen gegossen werden können. Sie vergrößert die Klarheit bei der Auslegung des anspruchsvollen Behinderungsmissbrauchsverbots, indem sie wichtige Hilfestellungen für die Anwendung des „ebenso effizienter Wettbewerber“-Tests leistet. Die Arbeit richtet sich demzufolge gleichermaßen an ein wissenschaftliches wie auch praktizierendes Publikum.
The Routledge Handbook of Local Elections and Voting in Europe represents the standard reference text and practical resource for everybody who analyzes issues such as local electoral systems, voting ...behavior, or political representation in Europe.
It provides comprehensive and expert coverage of 40 European countries - organized along the respective local state traditions - and in addressing a wide range of important questions related to local elections and voting, it broadens the scope of existing analyses quantitatively as well as qualitatively. Finally, it affords a more theoretically grounded typology of local elections and voting. Each country chapter is written by a leading expert and follows a rigorous conceptual framework for cross-national comparisons, providing an overview of the local government system, details on the place of local elections within the multilevel political system, specific features of the electoral system, analysis of the main electoral outcomes in recent decades, and, finally, reflective discussion. Representative democracy is as widespread at the local as at the national level, and as the significance of local authorities in Europe has increased in recent decades, local elections represent a crucial area of study.
The Routledge Handbook of Local Elections and Voting in Europe is an authoritative and essential reference text for scholars and students interested in local electoral politics and, more broadly, European studies, public administration, and political science.
Latin America and the Caribbean are increasingly experiencing the effects of climate change. Over the past two decades, the countries in the region have experienced as many as 1 350 natural disasters ...attributable to the climate, affecting more than 170 million people.We analysed climate risks in Latin America and the Caribbean, expanding the analysis to understand what these risks imply for the financial sector, particularly for banks. We conclude that the aggregate physical climate risk of the banking sector is the highest in the Caribbean while for transition risk the picture is more homogenous. Finally, we note that capital flows for climate projects in the Latin America and the Caribbean region have been lagging other regions in the world. Against the backdrop of considerable financing needs, the international financial community and public development banks have an important role to play to support both public and private green investments providing long-term, patient funding at affordable rates and sharing part of the risks.
Sektor budownictwa charakteryzuje się dużą zmiennością sytuacji finansowej funkcjonujących w nim podmiotów (generalnych wykonawców, podwykonawców, producentów materiałów oraz hurtowników). Wpływa to ...na sposób dokonywania oceny całej branży przez instytucje bankowe i ubezpieczeniowe zapewniające przedsiębiorstwom budowlanym dostęp do gwarancji i zewnętrznego finansowania. Trudny rynek, nawet w czasie hossy, zmienna koniunktura, wielostopniowa realizacja kontraktów powodują, że sektor budowlany ma problemy z utrzymaniem płynności finansowej oraz obsługą zadłużenia. Przeprowadzone w niniejszym artykule rozważania pozwalają stwierdzić, że ostatnie lata nie były łatwe dla branży budowlanej, na co złożyło się wiele czynników. Realizacja nierentownych kontraktów infrastrukturalnych, trudności w dialogu z inwestorem środków publicznych, a także ograniczona liczba przetargów niekorzystnie wpłynęły na wyniki finansowe spółek tego sektora. Analizowane spółki budowlane z grupy notowanych na Giełdzie Papierów Wartościowych utrzymały w badanym okresie dobrą kondycję finansową. Głównym celem niniejszego opracowania jest ocena wyników pięciu przedsiębiorstw branży budowlanej notowanych na GPW na podstawie wybranych informacji finansowych za lata 2014–2019. Dane te zostały przeanalizowane pod kątem dynamiki oraz średniego tempa wzrostu z wykorzystaniem metody ṝ, której istota wynika z tego, że tylko początkowy i końcowy wyraz szeregu chronologicznego decyduje o wartości liczbowej średniego tempa wzrostu. Faktyczny szereg chronologiczny można traktować jako „postęp geometryczny o zmiennym ilorazie”. Opracowanie ma charakter opisowo-empiryczny.
A practical introduction to qualitative research across fields and disciplines Qualitative Research in Practice offers a hands-on introduction to qualitative research design, methods, data, and ...analysis. Designed as a companion text for any course involving qualitative research, this book explores the different types of qualitative studies with relevant examples and analysis by the researchers themselves. The workbook format makes it easy to use in the classroom or the field, and the depth of information makes it a valuable resource for students of social work, psychology, counseling, management, education, health care, or any field in which qualitative research is conducted. While quantitative research is primarily concerned with numerical data, qualitative research methods are more flexible, responsive, and open to contextual information. To a qualitative researcher, a situation is defined by the participants' perspectives, making it the primary method of inquiry for understanding social phenomena through the lens of experience. This book introduces the essentials of qualitative research, bolstered by expert analysis and discussion that provides deeper insight than a traditional textbook format would allow. * Understand the fundamental nature of qualitative research * Learn how to accurately assess and evaluate qualitative research * Explore qualitative research's many forms and applications * Gain insight on qualitative research in a variety of fields and disciplines How does one codify an experience? Is it possible to measure emotion in units? Qualitative research fills the void where numbers cannot reach. It is the best tool we have for studying the unquantifiable aspects of the human experience, and it is an essential tool in a wide variety of fields. Qualitative Research in Practice provides translatable skills in a practical format to quicken your transition from "learning" to "using."
‘Word of mouth’ (WOM) as a communication tool has evolved quite significantly over the last few decades. Originally, word-of-mouth communication was limited to local coverage, i.e. it was restricted ...only to the closest people in the circle of the sender of the message. Technological developments over the past 30 years, particularly in computer and mobile technologies, have brought about significant changes in this form of communication. The information provided has become global; the consumer can communicate directly with the entrepreneur. Examples of bibliographic analyses of only electronic word of mouth (eWOM) without consideration of traditional WOM can be found in the literature. It therefore seems important to try to analyse the literature collection on both WOM and eWOM. The article aims to identify and present the most frequently cited works (along with their authors), as well as the publications most frequently referred to by authors publishing works related to WOM. Citation analysis and co-citation analysis were used to realise the stated aim. The basis for the analyses is a collection of publications from the WoS database. The results obtained made it possible to identify and create a list of the most frequently cited and co-cited publications.
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