Abstract
Slavery was abolished in the Anglophone Caribbean on August 1, 1834. On that date, the enslaved became legally free. However, the freedom of the enslaved was heavily circumscribed by the ...Apprenticeship system which followed immediately after August 1. Under the terms of this system, former slaves-now called apprentices-were required to work up to 45 hours per week for their former masters without compensation. Apprentices resisted the system at its outset; subsequently, they attempted to assert their rights as much as possible during the Apprenticeship period, even in the face of a highly oppressive system. Yet, like the enslaved, apprentices have left very little direct evidence in the form of letters or diaries. But because of their appearances before the stipendiary magistrates and in the reports generated about the Apprenticeship system, we can recreate aspects of their world and understand how apprentices sought to take advantage of Apprenticeship for their own benefit.
Apprenticeship is a time-tested learning model and workforce development strategy. In the United States, registered apprenticeship (RA)—a structured form of apprenticeship that is regulated and ...overseen by government agencies—has been expanding from skilled trades into new industries. To inform this expansion and contribute to the understanding of how the model serves apprentices and employers, the author undertook a systematic literature review and a qualitative synthesis of empirical research, interpreting findings on RA over a 30-year period. The review identified 36 scholarly studies and an additional 98 articles from the practitioner literature. The synthesis derived three themes: expansion, benefits, and outcomes for minoritized groups, revealing gaps in research on the curricular and instructional design elements of RA that promote retention, completion, career advancement, and learning for apprentices.
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NUK, OILJ, SAZU, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
Con un amplio reconocimiento a nivel internacional y caracterizado por la excelente cualificación que proporciona a sus aprendices al combinar la formación entre la empresa y la escuela, el número de ...planes para la implantación del Sistema Dual de Formación Profesional Alemán en otros países aumenta cada año. En este artículo se presenta un estudio sobre la estructura actual de este sistema y sobre los factores que son necesarios para exportarlo con éxito. Partiendo de investigaciones previas, se analizan informes procedentes de instituciones públicas alemanas, documentos oficiales, textos legislativos, fuentes especializadas relevantes e información obtenida mediante otras técnicas de investigación cualitativa. De ahí que se aborden, entre otros elementos esenciales, el consenso entre los interlocutores sociales, los planes de formación, la acreditación de los formadores, la creación de centros de formación supraempresarial o el establecimiento de observatorios. Al adoptar este sistema dual, se consigue adecuar las cualificaciones profesionales a las exigencias de producción de las empresas, dotar al mercado laboral de los especialistas necesarios, así como integrar social y laboralmente a los/las jóvenes aprendices.
This historical study aims to explain how the transition from student nurse service to fully qualified “graduate nurse” service in the United States in the 20th century affected assumptions about ...fundamental patient care in hospital wards and provide historical context for current apprenticeship programs. Through analysis of documents from 1920 when student nurse service, a nurse apprentice model, was the norm to 1960 when the nurse apprentice model was waning in favor of registered nurse service, this study found that the replacement of student nurses with registered nurses led to weakened standardization of fundamental bedside care and the introduction of large numbers of unlicensed nursing assistants. While student nurses could perform all the functions of fully qualified graduate nurses, nursing assistants could not, resulting in a separation of fundamental nursing care from the professional nurse role and changes in assumptions and attitudes toward fundamental care. These changes had a negative effect on fundamental nursing care. New apprenticeship programs provide opportunities for improvement.
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BFBNIB, FZAB, GIS, IJS, KILJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, SAZU, SBCE, SBMB, UL, UM, UPUK, VSZLJ
Young Australian males working in the construction industry are twice as likely to take their own lives than other young Australian males. This group is also at high risk for poor mental health and ...alcohol and other drug related harm. Previous research has indicated a bullying culture within this industry, directed particularly toward apprentices and those new to the industry. This Australian study applied an exploratory sequential mixed methods design to explore issues faced by apprentices, estimate the prevalence of bullying and explore the factors associated with bullying and the mental health of apprentices. The results revealed that a substantial proportion of construction industry apprentices experience workplace bullying, are exposed to suicidal behaviors, and personally experience suicidal ideation. Multivariate analyses showed that bullying in apprentices was significantly associated with greater psychological distress, as well as being a 3rd year apprentice or not currently in an active apprenticeship. Results also indicated that bullying may be associated with substance use, lower levels of well-being, working nights away from home, the plumbing trades, and working for larger organizations. The outcomes from this study have important implications for the construction industry and will be vital for informing policies and evidence-based interventions to address bullying and mental health in this sector.
This article examines letters written by the soldier‐author Robert Barret in 1581 describing his travels in France and Italy, while a runaway apprentice during the 1570s, that led him to the English ...College in Rome. Barret's letters constitute a valuable, hitherto overlooked source of first‐hand information about British and Irish Catholics in continental Europe, complementing better‐known sources by Anthony Munday and Charles Sledd. Barret latterly recast his travels as an intelligence‐gathering opportunity in which he collected detailed information both on Catholic exiles (including Thomas Stukeley, Bishop Thomas Goldwell, and Cardinal William Allen) and on putative plans to invade England. The letters provide an exemplary record of the – not uncommon – experiences of someone compelled by circumstances to adopt the role of an occasional spy. This article not only analyses the value of the letters’ contents but discusses broader questions concerning the pliable, shifting nature of early modern intelligence and intelligence‐gatherers.
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DOBA, FZAB, GIS, IJS, IZUM, KILJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBMB, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
This study aimed to investigate students' learning journeys across the duration of a new registered nurse degree apprenticeship programme and to develop an understanding of the contextual factors, ...mechanisms and outcomes involved.
Registered nurses are the largest group of healthcare workers globally, but shortages exist. To encourage existing UK healthcare employees into nursing, national investment was made into Registered Nurse Degree Apprenticeships. In 2018 a UK health service organisation and a university collaboration led to development of a nursing degree apprenticeship programme. Research into these novel undergraduate programmes in nursing is lacking, with scarce evidence or understanding of processes and experiences involved in such programmes.
An exploratory qualitative design informed by realistic evaluation was employed. Three sequential semi-structured interviews were conducted with an entire cohort (n=8) across the 18-month programme (24 interviews). Focused interviews were also undertaken with practice assessors (n=8) involved in the apprentices' journey. Initial thematic analysis was followed by application of Realist Evaluation principles and a temporal lens to move beyond qualitative description.
Analysis identified four interrelated temporal themes, each comprising contextual factors, mechanisms and outcomes acting to inhibit or facilitate transition across the apprenticeship journey: (1) Starting out (Latent Ambition, enhanced motivation and expectations): programme availability and conditions enabled enactment of ambitions to become qualified nurses, preconceived assumptions regarding roles influenced expectations. (2) Initial stages (Identity dissonance, transition to academia, becoming a student nurse) related to changing identity and re-conceptualisation of their role to student nurse, alongside transitioning into higher education. (3) Travelling through (Being an apprentice, social capital, self-efficacy and confidence) facilitated confident integration into placements, although over confidence could be risky. Academic struggles prompted some episodes of emotional dissonance. (4) Moving beyond to become registered nurses (Confidence, empowerment and loyalty in the transition to becoming a nurse) saw apprentices transform, with revised understandings of nursing, increased empowerment and self-efficacy. All expressed gratitude and loyalty for the apprenticeship opportunity, with all securing jobs in their employing organisation.
This study is one of the first of its kind, providing detailed insight into processes experienced by students over the duration of a novel apprenticeship programme. Analysis identified several factors that facilitated and inhibited progress in participants' 'learning journeys', mapping context, mechanism, outcome configurations which came into play at various stages. These were influential in successful completion of the programme by all apprentices, resulting in the development of competent Registered Nurses.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP
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