Abstract The intensity of affect refers to the strength with which individuals experience their emotions. This study aimed to adapt and seek evidence of validity for the version of the Short Affect ...Intensity Scale (SAIS) for the Brazilian context. After translation procedures, the translated version of the SAIS was applied, along with instruments to measure personality and subjective well-being in 1,180 Brazilians. The results revealed the adequacy of the three-factor structure for the instrument: Positive Intensity, Negative Intensity, and Serenity. Correlations with other variables were verified as theoretically expected. For example, positive correlations were found between Positive Intensity and Extraversion and Positive Affect; Negative Intensity and Neuroticism, and Negative Affect. The instrument proved to be adequate for the Brazilian context.
Resumo A intensidade de afetos diz respeito à força com que indivíduos experienciam suas emoções. O objetivo deste estudo foi adaptar e buscar evidências de validade da Short Affect Intensity Scale (SAIS) para o contexto brasileiro. Após procedimentos de tradução, aplicou-se a versão traduzida da SAIS, juntamente com instrumentos para aferir personalidade e bem-estar subjetivo em 1.180 brasileiros. Os resultados revelaram a adequação da estrutura de três fatores para o instrumento: Intensidade Positiva, Intensidade Negativa, Serenidade. Também se verificaram correlações com outras variáveis conforme esperado teoricamente. Por exemplo, encontraram-se correlações positivas entre Intensidade Positiva e Extroversão e Afeto Positivo; Intensidade Negativa e Neuroticismo e Afeto Negativo. O instrumento mostrou-se adequado ao contexto brasileiro.
Introducción: la diferencia de la percepción entre la silueta percibida y la deseada se ha definido como insatisfacción con la imagen corporal (IMCO).Objetivo: evaluar los métodos utilizados para ...medir la IMCO y la frecuencia de la IMCO en niños y adolescentes.Metodología: se buscaron artículos registrados en las bases de datos de PubMed, EBSCOhost y Scielo, de estudios transversales en inglés y español, que valoraran la IMCO en niños y adolescentes publicados de abril de 2010 al mes de abril de 2015. Se registraron, edad, sexo, tamaño muestral, estado de peso, tipo de método para valorar la IMCO y estimación de la IMCO.Resultados: cumplieron con los criterios de inclusión 16 estudios que valoraron la IMCO en niños y adolescentes de 5 a 19 años de edad. De los artículos analizados se encontraron 9 métodos de valoración de la IMCO. En la mayoría se realizaron pruebas de estabilidad temporal y validez. La frecuencia de IMCO por tener sobrepeso u obesidad, osciló de 44% a 83% y por bajo peso, de 1,7% a 37%. La IMCO aumentó de acuerdo al IMC, y en algunos estudios se asoció con la edad. Fue más frecuente en las mujeres, y en algunos casos se presenta IMCO en los niños delgados.Conclusión: la IMCO se presenta con mayor frecuencia en el sexo femenino y se asocia positivamente con el IMC. A pesar de la variedad de métodos utilizados para evaluar la IMCO, los resultados son consistentes.
Full text
Available for:
IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, UL, UM, UPUK
Este artigo tem por objectivo apoiar os investigadores nas decisões sobre o uso de questões de resposta fechada nos seus questionários fazendo uma revisão crítica da literatura relativamente às ...implicações dessas decisões para a natureza, validade e fiabilidade da medida e das conclusões que ela suporte. Esta revisão da literatura apoia a investigador no processo de decisão sobre a melhor forma de operacionalizar as suas variáveis através de uma resposta fechada. São apresentados argumentos que sustentam a tomada de decisão na construção da lista de opções de resposta a fornecer ao inquirido, e o tipo de escala a utilizar: gráficas ou não gráficas; categorias ou de avaliação contínua; com 3 ou mais pontos; com ou sem rótulos e neste caso, com que tipo de rótulos, etc. Ilustramos adicionalmente outros tópicos a ter em conta na construção de uma medida que usa como formato de resposta fechado uma escala de avaliação contínua analisando o caso específico em que se mede “frequências percebidas”.
Full text
Available for:
IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, UL, UM, UPUK
Through featuring a historical review of the L2 speaking assessment scales applied in related studies, this paper targets at providing responses for the following three questions (a) How are the ...scales assessing L2 speaking anxiety developed and adapted in related research? (b) What are the frequently adopted methods for validating speaking anxiety scales? (c) How is L2 speaking anxiety represented and interpreted with a dynamic approach? Based on analyzing the development process of frequently-used scales for assessing test anxiety, foreign language classroom anxiety, and speaking anxiety, the author classified the scales into three categories: test-based scales measuring speaking anxiety, classroom-based scales measuring speaking anxiety, and activity-based scales measuring L2 speaking anxiety. As for the scale validation methods, Classical Testing Theory (CTT) and Rasch measurement were introduced as two major statistical paradigms for guaranteeing the reliability of the scales. This paper also summarizes the emerging themes generalized from research focusing speaking anxiety assessment, where the dynamic approach is discussed as a guideline to interpret the relationship among anxiety, language performance, and other factors involved in language learning. This paper ends with highlighting possible directions for anxiety-related research in the future, where technology intervention and the “positivity ratio” might become new attempts for pedagogical design.
Pain, delirium, and sedation should be assessed routinely using validated assessment scales. Inappropriately managed pain, delirium, and sedation in critically ill patients can have serious ...consequences regarding mortality, morbidity, and increased healthcare costs. Despite the benefits of a bundled approach to pain, delirium, and sedation assessments, few studies have explored nurses' perceptions of using validated scales for such assessments. Furthermore, no studies have examined nurses’ perceptions of undertaking these assessments as a bundled approach.
The objective of this study was to explore nurses’ knowledge, perceptions, attitudes, and experiences regarding the use of validated pain, delirium, and sedation assessment tools as a bundled approach in the intensive care unit (ICU).
A qualitative exploratory descriptive design was adopted. We conducted four focus groups and 10 individual interviews with 23 nurses from a 26-bed adult ICU at an Australian metropolitan tertiary teaching hospital. Data were analysed using thematic analysis techniques.
Four themes were identified: (i) factors impacting nurses' ability to undertake pain, delirium, and sedation assessments in the ICU; (ii) use, misuse, and nonuse of tools and use of alternative strategies to assess pain, delirium, and sedation; (iii) implementing assessment tools; and (iv) consequences of suboptimal pain, delirium, and sedation assessments. A gap was found in nurses’ use of validated scales to assess pain, delirium, and sedation as a bundled approach, and they were not familiar with using a bundled approach to assessment.
The practice gap could be addressed using a carefully planned implementation strategy. Strategies could include a policy and protocol for assessing pain, delirium, and sedation in the ICU, engagement of change champions to facilitate uptake of the strategy, reminder and feedback systems, further in-service education, and ongoing workplace training for nurses.
Full text
Available for:
GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPUK, ZRSKP
Pain is a result of nociceptive tissue injury and results in acute and chronic impact to patients. Acute pain management is the need of the hour as untreated or under-treated pain may progress to ...chronic pain. Pain irrespective of its temporality causes a negative impact on the quality of life of the patients. Many Indian emergency settings are not adequately equipped to handle pain due to the heavy load of patients and the lack of awareness about the pain management guidelines. This leads to undertreatment of pain or ‘oligoanalgesia’. A pain management protocol can help prevent oligoanalgesia in an emergency setting. Proper utilization of triage systems that incorporate pain as one of the vital signs is necessary. The categorization of pain with the help of a pain scale helps determine the severity of pain and its appropriate management. Pain management is an ongoing process that does not end with the discharge of the patient. Post discharge management of pain is also an important factor to prevent chronic pain. This may involve various modalities for pain management under the preview of multimodal management of pain.
Full text
Available for:
GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP
The present article deals with the possibilities of diagnosing social pragmatic communication disorder (SPCD), focusing on questionnaire methods, test methods and assessment scales. Abroad, diagnosis ...of this disorder is often done through a combination of interviews, questionnaires, rating scales, observations and other methods. The aim of this paper was to create an integrative overview, i.e. to summarise questionnaire methods, rating scales and test methods that are aimed at diagnosing pragmatic language. For this purpose, seven methods were selected that deal with the recognition of deficits in pragmatic language, developed between 1989 and 2023. The individual methods were evaluated in terms of age range, focus, content, norms, and time duration. These categories were followed for foreign diagnostic methods, since no materials of this type are yet available in the Czech Republic.
PDF
