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•BCM-7 detection has been presented based on an aptasensing strategy.•The AgNP/QD nanocomposite acts as an efficient platform in this sensing.•The electrochemical techniques confirm ...the interaction of the BCM-7/Apt.•The aptasensor exhibits high sensitivity and selectivity in BCM-7 detection.•The strategy may aid future efforts in the autism symptoms diagnosis.
In this study, the efficiency of a nanocomposite contains the quantum dots and silver nanoparticle (AgNP/QDs) has been investigated to modify a glassy carbon electrode (GCE) in the aptasensor construction. Accordingly, the modified GCE provides a sub-layer to load more aptamers (Apts) through a linker agent of the AgNP to identify the β-casomorphin 7 (BCM-7) as an autism biomarker. The Apt/target interaction on the sensing interface surface leads to an electron transfer hindrance of the Rutin (RU) as a green redox probe. Consequently, a corresponding decrease in the current signal of the RU is achieved. The electrochemical studies show that the obtained signal responses linearly correlate with various BCM-7 concentrations in two ranges of 1 pM-20 nM and 20 nM-1.3 µM with a calculated limit of detection (LOD) 332 fM. The label-free aptasensor presents a high selectivity towards the BCM-7 in the presence of several similar amino acids. The analysis of the human urine and blood samples demonstrates the sufficient capability of the aptasensor in the BCM-7 detection in the real samples.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ
The aim of this study was to develop and determine the effectiveness of a virtual support program on challenging behaviors and social skills of children with high-functioning autism. The research ...method was combined. In the qualitative section, 14 experts were selected as participants by purposive sampling. Using the theoretical coding method, a virtual support program was developed for 11 purposes. In the quantitative part, the research method was quasi-experimental with a pre-test-post-test design and control group. The statistical population included all boys aged 7 to 11 years with autism referred to Padideh and Rahyab medical and rehabilitation centers in Tehran in 2020. Among them, 20 people were selected by purposive sampling method and randomly assigned to 2 experimental groups (10 people) and a control group (10 people). The experimental group received a virtual support program for 13 sessions (2 sessions per week); the control group was placed on a waiting list for 2 months. In order to collect information, the Challenging Behaviors Questionnaire of Budfish et al. (2000) and Gersham & Elliott's (1990) Social Skills Questionnaire, were used. Data were analyzed using univariate and multivariate analyses of covariance. Findings showed that the virtual support program had a significant effect on reducing challenging behaviors and improving the social skills of the experimental group (P <0.001). Therefore, it is suggested that psychologists and educators in the field of children with autism use the virtual support program to manage and reduce the psychological problems of these children and help their parents due to the prevailing conditions caused by the coronavirus.
The purpose of this study is to investigate the effectiveness of a training program in developing cognitive competencies among media professionals toward children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) ...in a Jordanian sample. Additionally, the study explored if there were significant differences due to visual, audio, and read media. This study utilized the quasi-experimental approach to assess the effectiveness of the training program in developing cognitive competencies of media professionals. The sample of the study consisted of (60) media professionals selected randomly from the employees of many media organizations divided into reading, audio, and video professionals (10 each). A scale with high reliability and validity scores was developed by the researcher to measure cognitive competencies. The scale consisted of 63 items across six domains: definition of ASD, general concepts about ASD, theories explaining ASD, characteristics of ASD, early screening and diagnosis of ASD, and differential diagnosis of ASD. The training program was implemented through 10 training sessions, for 60 minutes for each session, over a period of 15 training days. The findings of the study showed that there are significant statistical differences between the pre and post-measures in all domains of the scale attributed to the training program. There were no significant statistical differences in the post-measure of cognitive competencies according to the type of media in all sub-domains of the cognitive competencies scale. The study emphasizes the need for conducting more studies on larger samples covering all areas in Jordan, representing more disability categories.
The research investigated feelings towards sex education and sexual awareness in young adults with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Data were generated from the sexual knowledge, experiences, feelings ...and needs questionnaire (McCabe et al.
1999
), the sexual awareness questionnaire (Snell et al.
1991
) and semi-structured interviews. Twenty typically developing and 20 ASD individuals participated. Feelings toward sex education did not differ between the groups, but the groups differed significantly on measures of sexual awareness. Negative experiences of sex education and issues of vulnerability, social anxiety, and confused sexuality were prominent features of the qualitative interviews. This report suggest that mainstream sex and relationship education is not sufficient for people with ASD, specific methods and curricular are necessary to match their needs.
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DOBA, EMUNI, FIS, FZAB, GEOZS, GIS, IJS, IMTLJ, IZUM, KILJ, KISLJ, MFDPS, NLZOH, NUK, ODKLJ, OILJ, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, SBMB, SBNM, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK, VKSCE, VSZLJ, ZAGLJ
ASPECTE PSIHOSOCIALE ALE COPILULUI CU AUTISM Aurelia GLAVAN; Silvia VRABIE
Studia Universitatis. Seria Științe ale educației : revistă s̨tiințifică,
12/2020
9(139)
Journal Article
Peer reviewed
Open access
Articolului de față ia în discuție procesul de evaluare, diagnosticare și de intervenții multimodale a copiilor care suferă de autism. Ideea principală este ca autismul să fie diagnosticat cât mai ...timpuriu posibil, ținând cont de faptul că, printr-o intervenție precoce, de către o echipă multidisciplinară, rezultatele pot fi ameliorate pe termen lung, experiența practică demonstrând că terapia autismului se bazează în primul rând pe educație. PSYCHOSOCIAL ASPECTS OF THE CHILD WITH AUTISMThis article discusses the process of evaluation, diagnosis and multimodal intervention for children suffering from autism. The main idea is that autism should be diagnosed as early as possible, considering that the outcomes can be improved over the long term through an early intervention of a multidisciplinary team, and the practical experience demonstrated that autism therapy is primarily based on education.
Background: Inflexibility is an inappropriate response children with autism disorder to environmental changes. A tool with appropriate reliability and validity is needed to measure the behavioral ...inflexibility of different age groups of children with autism disorder.there is a research gap due to disagreement on the relationship between behavioral inflexibility and age. So, the question is whether the factor structure of the Lecavalier Behavioral Inflexibility Scale is invariant. In different age groups. Aims: The present study aimed to investigate the validity and invariance of the factor structure of the Lecavalier Behavioral Inflexibility Scale in children with autism disorder aged 3-6 and 7-12 in Isfahan. Methods: The research method was descriptive-survey and applied in terms of purpose. The statistical population was children with autism disorder aged 3-12 in Isfahan, of whom 450 children were randomly selected, and the data obtained from 430 of them (230 for exploratory factor analysis and 200 for confirmatory factor analysis) were analyzed. The GARS Autism Symptoms Diagnostic Scale (GARS) (2012) with Cronbach’s alpha of 0.89 and the Lecavalier Behavioral Inflexibility Scale (BIS) (2020) with Cronbach’s alpha of 0.97 were used. Results: Data were analyzed by Cronbach’s alpha, exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses. The Behavioral Inflexibility Scale (CVR> 0.62 and CVI> 0.79) had acceptable internal consistency in the two age groups (α> 0.70). ∆x2 of the restricted and unrestricted models of the measurement residues were equal in different age groups ∆x2 (90)= 108.51, p= 0.089. Conclusion: The Persian version of the Lecavalier Behavioral Inflexibility Scale has acceptable validity and reliability for both age groups, and its factor structure is invariant.
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is considered a complicated neurodevelopment disorder with rising prevalence globally. ASD is characterized by a series of events including varying degrees of defects ...in communication, learning, and social interaction which is accompanied by stereotypical behavioral patterns. Despite extensive research, the current diagnosis for ASD is complex and almost solely based on the behavioral assessments of the suspected individuals. The multifactorial etiopathology of this disease along with the diversity of symptoms among different individuals adds to the current intricacies for accurate prognosis of ASD. Hence, there exists a dire need for biologically relevant biomarkers for an early diagnosis and for tracking the efficacy of therapeutic interventions. Until recently, among various biofluids, saliva has gained increasing interest for biomarker identification, the advantages include the non-invasive nature and ease of sample handling. This mini-review aims to provide a succinct summary of recent literature on saliva-based diagnostic modalities for ASD, examine various studies that highlight the potential use of proteomic and/or RNA-based biomarkers. Finally, some conclusive perspectives of using the salivary system for ASD mechanistic details and diagnosis are also discussed.
Abstrak. Mengasuh anak dengan autis merupakan tantangan bagi orang tua terutama ibu. Untuk menghadapi tantangan tersebut dibutuhkan Parenting self-efficacy yang tinggi untuk menghadapi stressor yang ...muncul selama proses pengasuhan. Psikoedukasi menjadi salah satu metode intervensi yang efektif untuk meningkatkan variabel tersebut, melalui kesiapan kognitif dengan memberikan pemahaman dan informasi baru. Subjek penelitian ini adalah orang tua siswa di Pusat Layanan Autis Malang sebanyak 4 orang yang diambil dengan teknik pengambilan sampel purposive sampling. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian pre eksperimen dengan desain one group pretest posttest. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya pengaruh psikoedukasi terhadap parenting-self efficacy orang tua sebelum dan sesudah pemberian psikoedukasi ditunjukkan dengan hasil uji wilcoxon. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa psikoedukasi dapat digunakan untuk meningkatkan parenting self-efficacy pada ibu anak penyandang autis.Kata Kunci: psikoedukasi, parenting self-efficacy, ibu dengan anak autisAbstract. Parenting a child with autism disorder is a great challenge for the mother. Hence, the ideal parenting self-efficacy is needed to face stressor which appears increases the variable through up to date information. The study selects four parents at Autism Services Center using purposive technique sampling. This study applied pre-experimental design with one group pre-test and post-test. The results of the study showed that psychoeducation influences parenting self-efficacy before and after giving treatment which showed by Wilcoxon test. Result showed that psychoeducation is highly important to improve parenting self-efficacy among mother to the children with autism disorder. Keywords: psychoeducation, parenting self-efficacy, mother, child with autism disorder
Investigation of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is somewhat dependent on addressing main core features of ASD. But it is not clear which kind of investigation can effect on more difficulties ...features. So, this study examines the effect of the visuomotor, motor, and computer-based training programs on social behavior, motor skills, and repetitive behaviors of children with ASD.
Sixty children with ASD aged 6-12 years were recruited and assigned to one of the three experimental groups and the control group (each group n=15). Training was provided in 30 sessions, scheduled 3 times a week. Social behavior and repetitive behaviors were determined objectively using the observation method, and motor skills were evaluated by the Test of Gross Motor Development-2.
Our results suggested that children in the visuomotor group showed a significant reduction in the repetitive behaviors and an increase in gross motor skill scores in the post-test and follow-up. Also, the results exhibited that motor training group significantly improved in social behavior either in the post-test or follow-up. Although the post-test illustrated a considerable improvement of gross motor skills, this difference was not significant in follow-up. Similarly, no significant change was observed in visual training and control groups in relation to study variables.
Given the improvement of repetitive behaviors and gross motor skills in post-test and follow-up, it seems that this investigation had a positive effect with a good retention effect on two core features of children with ASD. But according to group-based training protocol in motor training group and improvement in social communication, and mutual effect on gross motor skills, it seems that group-based practice can also be used to achieve the benefits of social communication in the investigations.
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