Heavy metals represent an important ecological and health hazard due to their toxic effects and their accumulation throughout the food chain. Conventional techniques commonly applied to recover ...chromium from tanning wastewaters have several disadvantages whereas biosorption has good metal removal performance from large volume of effluents. To date most studies about chromium biosorption have been performed on simulated effluents bypassing the problems due to organic or inorganic ligands present in real industrial wastewaters that may sequestrate the Cr(III) ions. In the present study a tanning effluent was characterized from a mycological point of view and different fungal biomasses were tested for the removal of Cr(III) from the same tanning effluent in which, after the conventional treatments, Cr(III) amount was very low but not enough to guarantee the good quality of the receptor water river. The experiments gave rise to promising results with a percentage of removed Cr(III) up to 40%. Moreover, to elucidate the mechanisms involved in biosorption process, the same biomasses were tested for Cr(III) removal from synthetic aqueous solutions at different Cr(III) concentrations.
Full text
Available for:
GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK
The aim of the present study was to determine to what degree the sewage sludge sorption capacity to phenanthrene influences on bioavailability of this compound during composting. Sewage sludges were ...composted for 76 days. The content of the potentially bioavailable phenanthrene fraction was determined by: mild-solvent extraction with n-butanol (BTL) and non-exhaustive extraction technique with hydroxypropylb cyclodextrin (HPCD). Batch experiments were used to construct phenanthrene sorption isotherms. The contribution of the potentially bioavailable phenanthrene fraction in individual sewage sludges ranged from 32 to 48% (BTL) and from 5.1 to 80.3% (HPCD). The direction of changes in the potentially bioavailable fraction resulting from composting also depended on the sewage sludge and the extraction method applied. Isotherms demonstrated a good fit to the Freundlich isotherm model. Sorption coefficients (logK sub(F)) and organic carbon-normalized distribution coefficients (logK sub(o) sub(c)) of phenanthrene by sewage sludges ranged from 3.42 to 3.98 and from 4.14 to 4.70, respectively. Sewage sludges exhibited relatively strong affinity for sorption large amounts of phenanthrene. In the case of two sludges, a strong relationship between phenanthrene sorption capacity (logK sub(F) and logK sub(o) sub(c)) and the content of the bioavailable fraction of this compound was observed.
Full text
Available for:
GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK
There is a lack of appropriate data on transfer of some radionuclides on many terrestrial biota groups. To expand the available data concentration ratios of super(238)U, super(226)Ra, super(232)Th, ...super(40)K and super(137)Cs in mosses are presented in this paper. The relationship between concentration ratios of radionuclides and physicochemical characteristics of the underlying soil was also investigated. The data on concentration ratios obtained here will provide a useful addition to the currently used database of transfer parameters, particularly for natural radionuclides.
Full text
Available for:
GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK
Contamination of coastal environments by siloxanes is of growing concern. Sediment and bivalves were collected from 50 locations along the Korean coast to assess the geographical distribution, ...sources, and bioaccumulation potential of siloxanes. Cyclic and linear siloxanes were detectable in all sediment and bivalve samples. The highest siloxane concentrations were detected in sediment (656 ng/g dw) and bivalves (3273 ng/g dw) from highly industrialized bays and harbor-zones, suggesting that industrial and shipping activities are major sources of siloxanes in coastal environment. The geographical distribution of siloxanes was similar in sediment and bivalves. Sedimentary siloxanes were dominated by cyclic siloxanes, while linear siloxanes were predominant in bivalves. Bioaccumulation of linear siloxanes in bivalves originated mainly from the sedimentary environment. Mean biota-sediment accumulation factors (BSAFs) of seven siloxanes ranged from 1.26 to 6.03, indicating potential for bioaccumulation. This is the first report on the nationwide survey on siloxanes in Korean coastal waters.
•The first nationwide survey on siloxanes was conducted for Korean coastal waters.•Industrial and shipping activities were major sources of siloxanes.•Bioaccumulation of linear siloxanes in bivalves originated from sediment.•Different compositional profiles of siloxanes were observed for sediment and bivalves.•Biota-sediment accumulation factors of siloxanes showed potential for bioaccumulation.
Full text
Available for:
GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP
Zn displays a double-edged effect by acting both as a micronutrient and a toxic metal, and quantitative analysis of its kinetic flux under low environmental concentrations is critical to understand ...its intracellular regulation. In the present study, we employed a Zn sensitive model eukaryote, the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, which responded to intracellular Zn levels by increasing its autofluorescence, to quantify Zn influx, transportation between labile and storage pools, and efflux under different Zn exposure levels (<1 μM). We demonstrated that the yeast regulated Zn uptake from the extracellular source by a gradually decreased accumulation following an initial high accumulation rate. The subsequent reduced accumulation rate resulted in a steady-state Zn accumulation at 0.061 and 0.073 μg Zn/μg P as the threshold values for the control yeast and Zn-depleted yeast, respectively, independently of the extracellular Zn concentration. Compared with the control yeast, the Zn-depleted yeast possessed a higher accumulation rate, but the difference of bioaccumulation was maintained at approximately 0.01 μg Zn/μg P under different concentrations of extracellular Zn. In contrast, transportation between labile Zn and storage Zn pools or Zn efflux to the extracellular environment was not obvious after Zn exposure, indicating that the Zn dose was below a basal requirement. Such stabilized Zn accumulation was only induced by controlling the Zn influx at the bio-interface. With the novel monitoring of the kinetic changes of autofluorescence, our study demonstrated a remarkably tight Zn regulation system in yeast, providing enlightenment for Zn homeostasis in eukaryotes under low Zn exposure in aqueous environments.
Display omitted
•Cellular flux of Zn was monitored by kinetic change of autofluorescence in yeast.•Stabilized Zn accumulation was exclusively controlled by Zn influx at the bio-interface.•Transport between bio-active and -inactive Zn or Zn efflux was not obvious under low Zn levels.•Yeast displayed a remarkable tight Zn regulation system for Zn homeostasis.
Full text
Available for:
GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP
Over the past 50 years, the emergence of plastic waste as one of the most urgent environmental problems in the world has given rise to several proposals to address the rising levels of contaminants ...associated with plastic debris. Worldwide plastic production has increased significantly over the last 70 years, reaching a record high of 359 million tonnes in 2020. China is currently the world's largest plastic producer, with a share of 17.5%. Of the total marine waste, microplastics account for 75%, while land-based pollution accounts for responsible for 80–90%, and ocean-based pollution 10–20% only in overall pollution problems. Even at small dosages (10 μg/mL), microplastics have been found to cause toxic effects on human and animal health. This review examines the sources of microplastic contamination, the prevalent reaches of microplastics, their impacts, and the remediation methods for microplastic contamination. This review explains the relationship between the community composition and the presence of microplastic particulate matter in aquatic ecosystems. The interaction between microplastics and emerging pollutants, including heavy metals, has been linked to enhanced toxicity. The review article provided a comprehensive overview of microplastic, including its fate, environmental toxicity, and possible remediation strategies. The results of our study are of great value as they illustrate a current perspective and provide an in-depth analysis of the current status of microplastics in development, their test requirements, and remediation technologies suitable for various environments.
Display omitted
•Microplastics are emerging global contaminants in the environment.•Aspects related to sources, distribution, categorization, and characterization are discussed.•Higher toxicity may be induced by the interaction of MPs'.•Technologies for remediation and microplastic detection were discussed.•The mechanism, benefits, and key challenges of MPs removal technology are proposed.
Full text
Available for:
GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP
Selenium (Se)-enriched yeast is a good nutritional source for human being. Kazachstania unispora (K. unispora) has shown the positive physiological functionality for human health, whose potential for ...Se enrichment, however, remains elusive. This study demonstrated the ability of K. unispora to convert inorganic Se to organic Se, and then comprehensively investigated the accumulation and metabolism of Se in K. unispora. The results indicated that K. unispora can effectively accumulate organic Se, of which 95% of absorbed Se was converted to organic forms. Among these organic Se, 46.17% of them was bound to protein and 16.78% was combined with polysaccharides. In addition, some of the organic Se was metabolized to selenomethionine (30.26%) and selenocystine (3.02%), during which four low-molecular weight selenometabolites were identified in K. unispora. These findings expand the scope of Se-enriched yeast species, and provide useful knowledge for further investigation of Se enrichment mechanism in K. unispora.
Graphical abstract Display omitted
•The selenium (Se) enrichment potential of the rare yeast Kazachstania unispora KU2 was investigated.•KU2 cells can bioaccumulate organic Se while maintaining normal structure and increased antioxidant capacity.•The main forms of organic Se in KU2 cells were protein-bound Se > selenomethionine > polysaccharide-bound Se.•Four non-proteinaceous low-molecular weight selenometabolites were identified in KU2 cells.
Full text
Available for:
GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP
The efficacy of RemBind® 300 to immobilize per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) in aqueous film forming foam (AFFF)-impacted soil (∑28 PFAS 1280-8130 ng g−1; n = 8) was assessed using ...leachability (ASLP) and bioaccumulation (Eisenia fetida) endpoints as the measure of efficacy. In unamended soil, ∑28 PFAS leachability ranged from 26.0 to 235 μg l−1, however, following the addition of 5% w/w RemBind® 300, ∑28 PFAS leachability was reduced by > 99%. Following exposure of E. fetida to unamended soil, ∑28 PFAS bioaccumulation ranged from 18,660–241,910 ng g−1 DW with PFOS accumulating to the greatest extent (15,150–212,120 ng g−1 DW). Biota soil accumulation factors (BSAF) were significantly (p < 0.05) higher for perfluoroalkyl sulfonic acids (PFSA; 13.2–50.9) compared to perfluoroalkyl carboxylic acids (PFCA; 1.2–12.7) while for individual PFSA, mean BSAF increased for C4 to C6 compounds (PFBS: 42.6; PFPeS: 52.7; PFHxS: 62.4). In contrast, when E. fetida were exposed to soil amended with 5% w/w RemBind® 300, significantly lower PFAS bioaccumulation occurred (∑28 PFAS: 339-3397 ng g−1 DW) with PFOS accumulation 23–246 fold lower compared to unamended soil. These results highlight the potential of soil amendments for reducing PFAS mobility and bioavailability, offering an immobilization-based risk management approach for AFFF-impacted soil.
Display omitted
•E. fetida exposed to impacted soil for 14 d accumulated 15,150–212,120 ng PFOS g−1 DW.•In soil amended with 5% RemBind®, PFOS accumulation decreased to 215-2879 ng g−1 DW.•Compared to unamended soil, E. fetida had a mean weight loss of 36.3% in amended soil.
Full text
Available for:
GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP
PDF
