Recreational boating is a leisure and sports activity that has aroused growing interest among users, tourists, and the general public. However, in the last decade, a problem has arisen concerning the ...abandonment of recreational boats. It is a problem that has become even more acute in times of economic recession. It is, therefore, necessary to find an urgent solution in order to reduce potential environmental risks. This work aims to analyze the state of the question through bibliometrics to know which topics are trending and contrast these findings with a Delphi analysis. The main results focus on the need for greater agility in the court adjudication process and the need for a specific legal framework for the scrapping of recreational craft. In conclusion, it is vital to integrate the circular economy into shipbuilding and scrapping processes to ensure the sustainability of the sector and the environment.
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•Ship abandonment is an economic and social problem that affects the environment.•Circular Economy must be integrated into processes for the industry's sustainability.•Vessel condition and bureaucracy are critical factors for extending their life cycle.•Ship abandonment not only affects Spain, but is a problem in many countries.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP
In 2015, drowning accounted for 68% of the 626 recreational boating related deaths in the United States. Although life jackets are estimated to prevent between 50% to 80% of boating deaths, ...approximately 83% of sailboat-related drowning victims were reported to not be wearing life jackets. Life jacket use among adult boaters has remained consistently low across most boat types and may vary by boater, boating, and environmental conditions. Although many risky environmental and boating factors may be associated with a higher risk of boating death, drowning occurs in all situations and it is useful to understand adult life jacket wearing behaviors in differing boating situations.
This study uses observational survey data from 61318 adult sailors collected during the summer months of 1999 – 2017 from 124 selected study sites across 30 states in the US. Life jacket use was compared for day sailors and cabin sailboats by multiple boating, boater, and environmental conditions using Chi-square tests for equality of proportions. Results of these tests led to a choice of 3 informative and scientifically compelling variables to summarize variation in life jacket use for each sailboat type. Odds ratios were calculated comparing life jacket use from each boating situation to the lowest risk situation as determined by the 3 selected variables. These variables were represented in a tree diagram, detailing the additive impact of each factor. Following these analyses, all boating conditions were categorized to be risky or non-risky and a count variable was created for each observation based on the number of risks present. Cochran-Armitage trend tests were conducted to test for linearity in life jacket use for both boat types.
The overall life jacket wear rate was higher among adults in day sailor sailboats (51.6%) compared to cabin sailboats (13.8%) and in all measured demographic, boating, and environmental circumstances. Comparing high-risk cabin sailboat conditions of low water temperatures, small boat size, and high wind speed to the lowest-risk situation accounted for a 23.3% range in life jacket wear rate (OR=4.7). Comparing high-risk day sailor sailboat conditions of small boat size, one boater on board, and choppy/rough wave height to the lowest-risk situation accounted for a 39.3% range in life jacket wear rate (OR=5.9). For both boat types, the number of risks present and life jacket wear rate exhibited a statistically significant positive linear relationship at p<0.0001.
Study results suggest that boaters are aware of the connection between life jacket use and drowning prevention and are more likely to wear life jackets when boating in conditions perceived to be risky.
Boating safety promotion efforts should recommend adult life jacket use in all boating situations, as seemingly non-risky conditions may still result in drownings.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZRSKP
Deoxyribonuclease I (DNase I) is one of the main nucleases involved in deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) degradation during apoptosis. It catalyzes the hydrolytic cleavage of DNA, producing ...5'-oligonucleotides. The inhibition of DNase I may serve as an important mechanism for protecting DNA against premature degradation during cell damage. Fourteen hydantoin-containing compounds, including two newly synthesized and seven previously synthesized metal complexes, along with five previously synthesized hydantoin ligands, were evaluated in vitro for their inhibitory properties against bovine pancreatic DNase I. As a result, the 3'-methyl-4-thio-1H-tetrahydropyranspiro-5'-hydantoin platinum complex (8) inhibited the enzyme with an ICsub.50 value of 110.20 ± 24.20 µM, a potency 3-fold greater than that of the reference crystal violet (ICsub.50 = 378.27 ± 47.75 µM). To understand the binding mode and mechanism of inhibition of compound 8 with DNase I, molecular docking calculations were performed. The analysis revealed that compound 8 interacts with the most important catalytic residues of DNase I. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of a platinum complex inhibiting DNase I.
Boelkens also said boaters who break down or have another emergency will be able to send out an SOS geographic location notification through Urban Airship that would alert the closest marina and ...emergency services provider, as well as RaftUp users within a 5-mile radius.
Understanding the distribution and intensity of recreational boating activities is key for managing safety as well as environmental and social impacts. Recreational boating is a very important ...component of the diverse maritime traffic in the southeastern United States. The seasonal distribution of offshore recreational vessels in waters off the coast of Northeast Florida and Southeast Georgia was modeled using several techniques (Poisson, negative binomial, hurdle and zero inflated modes, generalized additive models, and generalized mixed models) and by combining map-based information provided by recreational boaters with environmental and geographical variables to find the most parsimonious model. Based on model performance, the final model analysis was conducted using a GAM approach with a negative binomial distribution. The best seasonal models explained between 86.1%- 88.6% of the total deviance. For most seasons, a model that included latitude, longitude, interaction between latitude and longitude, chlorophyll a concentration, and abundance of artificial reefs resulted in the best fit. The only exception was the model for the summer season, which did not include chlorophyll a concentration. Given the complexity of the study area, with a number of maritime activities and several marine species co-occurring, these models could provide information to analyze the distribution and overlap of recreational boating trips with other maritime activities (e.g., cargo ships, commercial vessels) and species (e.g., right whales, sea turtles, sharks). These analyses could be used to decrease harmful interactions among these groups and activities.
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DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
The Mediterranean Sea is home to over 2/3 of the world's charter boat traffic and hosts an estimated 1.5 million recreational boats. Studies elsewhere have demonstrated marinas as important hubs for ...the stepping-stone transfer of non-indigenous species (NIS), but these unique anthropogenic, and typically artificial habitats have largely gone overlooked in the Mediterranean as sources of NIS hot-spots. From April 2015 to November 2016, 34 marinas were sampled across the following Mediterranean countries: Spain, France, Italy, Malta, Greece, Turkey and Cyprus to investigate the NIS presence and richness in the specialized hard substrate material of these marina habitats. All macroinvertebrate taxa were collected and identified. Additionally, fouling samples were collected from approximately 600 boat-hulls from 25 of these marinas to determine if boats host diverse NIS not present in the marina. Here, we present data revealing that Mediterranean marinas indeed act as major hubs for the transfer of marine NIS, and we also provide evidence that recreational boats act as effective vectors of spread. From this wide-ranging geographical study, we report here numerous new NIS records at the basin, subregional, country and locality level. At the basin level, we report three NIS new to the Mediterranean Sea (
,
,
aff.
), and the re-appearance of two NIS previously known but currently considered extinct in the Mediterranean (
). We also compellingly update the distributions of many NIS in the Mediterranean Sea showing some recent spreading; we provide details for 11 new subregional records for NIS (
,
and
now present in the Western Mediterranean;
,
,
,
and
now present in the Central Mediterranean, and
,
and
in the Eastern Mediterranean). We also report 51 new NIS country records from recreational marinas: 12 for Malta, 10 for Cyprus, nine for Greece, six for Spain and France, five for Turkey and three for Italy, representing 32 species. Finally, we report 20 new NIS records (representing 17 species) found on recreational boat-hulls (mobile habitats), not yet found in the same marina, or in most cases, even the country. For each new NIS record, their native origin and global and Mediterranean distributions are provided, along with details of the new record. Additionally, taxonomic characters used for identification and photos of the specimens are also provided. These new NIS records should now be added to the relevant NIS databases compiled by several entities. Records of uncertain identity are also discussed, to assess the probability of valid non-indigenous status.
A tematica deste trabalho de cunho cientifico trata-se, sobre a combinacao harmoniosa de saberes populares e conhecimentos matematicos na construcao de embarcacoes destaca a interdisciplinaridade ...necessaria para criar embarcacoes eficientes, alinhando tradicao e inovacao para enfrentar os desafios da navegacao de maneira solida e sustentavel. A construcao de barcos na Amazonia esta profundamente enraizada na cultura e tradicao local. A elaboracao deste trabalho, justifica-se pela necessidade de aprofundarmos os estudos sobre os saberes matematicos associados a essa pratica ajuda a preservar e entender a riqueza cultural da regiao, alem de promover o respeito pela diversidade de conhecimentos. A aplicacao de principios geometricos e crucial para o design das embarcacoes, envolvendo calculos para determinar proporcoes, formas aerodinamicas e estabilidade. Este trabalho de cunho cientifico tem por objetivo desvendar as raizes dos saberes matematicos na construcao de barcos na Amazonia. A metodologia utilizada, tratou-se de uma Revisao Integrativa da Literatura (RIL) para identificar e analisar artigos cientificos relacionadas aos saberes e fazeres matematicos na construcao de barcos na Amazonia, os achados cientificos foram selecionados de acordo com sua relevancia para o estudo, considerando criterios como autenticidade, atualidade e profundidade do conteudo. Os resultados encontrados foram analisados e chegamos a conclusao que a Amazonia e um vasto territorio permeado por rios e florestas exuberantes, e abriga uma rica tradicao na construcao de embarcacoes. Esse saber ancestral, fundamentado no conhecimento empirico e popular, desempenha um papel crucial na adaptacao das comunidades ribeirinhas a um ambiente desafiador e dinamico. Palavras-chave: Matematica; embarcacao; Amazonia; etnomatematica. The theme of this scientific work is about the harmonious combination of popular knowledge and mathematical knowledge in vessel construction highlights the interdisciplinarity necessary to create efficient vessels, aligning tradition and innovation to face the challenges of navigation in a solid and sustainable way. Boat building in the Amazon is deeply rooted in local culture and tradition.The elaboration of this work is justified by the need to deepen the studies on the mathematical knowledge associated with this practice helps to preserve and understand the cultural richness of the region, in addition to promoting respect for the diversity of knowledge. The application of geometric principles is crucial to vessel design, involving calculations to determine proportions, aerodynamic shapes and stability. This scientific work aims to uncover the roots of mathematical knowledge in the construction of boats in the Amazon. The methodology used was a Integrative Literature Review (RIL) to identify and analyze scientific articles related to mathematical knowledge and practices in the construction of boats in the Amazon. The scientific findings were selected according to their relevance to the study, considering criteria such as authenticity, timeliness and depth of content. The results were analyzed and we came to the conclusion that the Amazon, a vast territory permeated by rivers and lush forests, is home to a rich tradition in boat building. This ancestral knowledge, based on empirical and popular knowledge, plays a crucial role in the adaptation of riverside communities to a challenging and dynamic environment. Keywords: Mathematics; vessel; Amazon, ethnomathematics. El tema de este trabajo cientifico es sobre la combinacion armoniosa de conocimiento popular y conocimiento matematico en la construccion de embarcaciones resalta la interdisciplinariedad necesaria para crear embarcaciones eficientes, alineando tradicion e innovacion para enfrentar los desafios de la navegacion de manera solida y sustentable. La construccion de barcos en el Amazonas esta profundamente arraigada en la cultura y tradicion local. La elaboracion de este trabajo se justifica por la necesidad de profundizar en los estudios sobre el conocimiento matematico asociado a esta practica, ayuda a preservar y comprender la riqueza cultural de la region, ademas de promover el respeto por la diversidad de conocimientos. La aplicacion de principios geometricos es crucial para el diseno de embarcaciones, lo que implica calculos para determinar proporciones, formas aerodinamicas y estabilidad. Este trabajo cientifico tiene como objetivo descubrir las raices del conocimiento matematico en la construccion de embarcaciones en la Amazonia. La metodologia utilizada fue una revision una Revision Integrativa de Literatura (RIL) para identificar y analizar articulos cientificos relacionados con conocimientos y practicas matematicas en la construccion de embarcaciones en la Amazonia, los hallazgos cientificos fueron seleccionados segun su relevancia para el estudio, considerando criterios como como autenticidad, actualidad y profundidad del contenido. Se analizaron los resultados y se llego a la conclusion de que la Amazonia, un vasto territorio permeado por rios y bosques frondosos, alberga una rica tradicion en la construccion de embarcaciones. Este conocimiento ancestral, basado en conocimientos empiricos y populares, juega un papel crucial en la adaptacion de las comunidades riberenas a un entorno desafiante y dinamico. Palabras clave: Matematicas; buque; Amazonas; etnomatematicas.
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