This paper intends to analyze how the crisis produced by the Covid-19 infection has influenced the employees, respectively the employers. Thus, we try to see if they still approach the workplace, ...working hours, etc. in the same way or if their perception has been decisively influenced by this crisis. Certainly, there is an impact on the business environment around the world, respectively in Romania. Thus, employers and employees, like the whole world, had to adapt and reorganize in the given conditions. Some views support the theory that, for employers and employees respectively, nothing will be the same, and the approach and expectations of both parties will be different. Other views argue that this crisis will not cause major changes in perception on the subject. Be that as it may, through this paper we try to analyze in what way and above all, what changes this crisis has produced on the employees, respectively the employers. For the most part, for the employee, the workplace is the place from where he procures an important part or even all of his financial resources. Besides, the workplace is also the place where he can prove his skills acquired in school, the place where he socialises, the place where he develops professionally and not only that. The employer, in general, wants a competent and efficient employee. Both regarding employees and employers, the crisis caused by the Covid-19 infection has produced important changes that we will study in the analysis below. The business environment around the world has seen changes with the situation caused by this crisis that has faced all of humanity. Also, before analyzing, in broad terms, the impact on the business environment, we must observe how people saw the involvement, from a diplomatic point of view, in Romania’s economic development. Economic development must also be supported at the diplomatic level, not only through the other available levers.
Purpose/Significance Clarifying the development trend of China's business environment policies, and revealing the time-series evolution law of the policy priorities are to provide data support for ...the formulation and improvement of subsequent policies. Method/Process Based on the business environment policy texts issued by the central and local governments from 2001 to 2020, with two years as a time slice, this article extracted time series evolution distribution of 30 business environment topics through the dynamic topic model, and summarized the topics were into the four dimensions of market environment, government environment, humanistic environment and legal & policy environment, and then analyzed the theme intensity and key development trends of each dimension in the business environment policy. Result/Conclusion The result shows that, business environment policies mainly focuses on the construction of government environment and market environment, the distribution of policy strength is unbalanced,
This positioning paper is informed by our judgment that the mainstream research on business marketing and marketing in general is losing its relevance and vigor because it views business environments ...as narrow “markets” and focuses primarily on dyadic business relationships and their management. Sticking to this limited, economics-driven market view has detached the discipline from major real-world phenomena, leaving it with scant understanding of the contemporary environmental context of marketing and business strategy. Based on a focused reading of literature on business fields, business networks, business ecosystems, and market systems, we venture our own comprehensive theoretical framing of complex business environments summarized in two frameworks. In the pursuit of relevance our integration is avowedly simplifying as we strive for parsimony. Key points explicate the nested, multi-layered, multimodal, transitional and conditioned character of the business environment, and the dynamics, phases and processes of the evolution of that nested environment. We use the frameworks constructed, which form an initial theory of complex business environments, to supply a research agenda for business marketing and offer brief managerial conclusions.
•Business marketing must move from relationship management to ecosystems orchestration•Business environment is nested, layered, multimodal, transitional and conditioned•Need to understand dynamics, phases and processes of business environment evolution•Need to understand constricting and enabling forces•Focus on collaborative strategizing, involving a larger set of actors outside firm
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP
•Entrepreneurship promotes the marketization of the business environment.•R&D investment has a threshold effect on the marketization of the business environment.•The level of regional innovation ...affects the marketization of the business environment.•The marketization level of the business environment affects regional powers.•Decentralization is conducive to the cultivation of entrepreneurship.
Entrepreneurship has become an essential for countries to promote the marketization of the business environment and accelerate economic growth in the post-epidemic era. Based on the investigation of 31 provincial-level panel data in China, this paper concludes that entrepreneurship plays a significant role in promoting the marketization of the business environment. Further research found that the level of government research and development (R&D) funding and regional innovation capabilities are intermediary variables that affect the marketization of the business environment and have a threshold effect. When the government R&D funding crosses the second threshold, every 1% increase in regional innovation capabilities decreases the degree of marketization by 0.197%. Therefore, it is crucial to rapidly streamline the administration process and delegation of power, optimize the government’s administrative efficiency, and give full play to the entrepreneurial spirit to promote the economy’s sustainable development.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP
Technological innovation of private enterprises is an important condition for promoting high-quality development of China's economy. This paper matches the regional business environment data with the ...data of A-share private listed companies from 2017 to 2020 to study the impact of business environment on private enterprises' technological innovation and its mechanism of action based on the perspective of transaction cost. The empirical results show that the optimization of regional business environment promotes the technological innovation of private enterprises. A quality business environment reduces private enterprises' rent-seeking expenses and agency costs, thus promoting their technological innovation. Heterogeneity analysis shows that at a higher degree of market competition, the business environment is more conducive to stimulate the enthusiasm and motivation of private enterprises' technological innovation. A quality business environment reduces the impact of enterprise size differences on private firms' technological innovation, and the uneven development of business environment among regions.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP
Given the increasing threat of economic downturns and global warming, the governments of developing countries urgently need effective measures that can both stimulate economic development and promote ...low-carbon transitions. As a widely accepted method for stimulating economic growth, the improvement of the business environment and its effect on economic activity have been fully discussed. However, little is known about whether and how the business environment affects the low-carbon transition. By leveraging city-level data from China, this paper exploits whether and through which channels a favorable business environment promotes a low-carbon transition. We find that improving the business environment has a positive impact on carbon efficiency. This relationship is verified to be robust through various alternative tests. Additionally, it is demonstrated that enhancing the business environment can increase carbon efficiency by promoting green technology progress and stimulating new firm entry. Heterogeneity analysis indicates that the positive effect of the business environment is pronounced for cities with intensive environmental regulation, sufficient environmentally targeted fiscal expenditure, and loose economic growth requirements. This paper reveals the unintentional environmental gains of business environment optimization and provides important insights into the low-carbon transition for developing economies.
•We measure the indexes of the business environment and the carbon efficiency.•We examine the impact of the business environment on carbon efficiency.•The improvement of the business environment has a positive impact on carbon efficiency.•The business environment can improve carbon efficiency by promoting green technology progress and stimulating new firm entry.•The government plays a crucial role in business environment's effect on carbon efficiency.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP
This paper investigates the impact of China's 2018–2020 anti-Mafia campaign on the business environment. Using a novel dataset on organized crime prosecutions across China's prefecture-level cities ...and above, we find that the anti-Mafia campaign significantly improved the overall business environment. Probing the mechanisms, we show that the anti-Mafia policy enhanced the business environment through four key channels: increasing international trade and investment, bolstering domestic commercial activities, improving government effectiveness, and promoting public safety. Our findings pass a battery of robustness checks. We contribute to studies on organized crime economics and highlight the need for continued efforts to combat the Mafia.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP
This research was conducted to design a model to influence the strategic orientation and management of export market orientation on export performance in business environment transformations. The ...method of this research is Grounded theory. For this purpose, the topic was investigated by interviewing experts who were selected by a purposeful method of judgment from the managers and marketing experts of 52 sample exporting companies in Isfahan province in 2020. The validity of the interview questions was assessed with the Binominal test and the reliability was assessed with the Cronbach's alpha test. The research results indicate that; Strategic export orientation, export market orientation, and export performance are the three main pillars of exports in the trans formatives. To direct an effective export strategy in the current situation, six key factors of information systems strategy, customer-oriented engineering strategy, increasing innovation strategy, Competitive orientation strategy, learning orientation strategy, and cost control strategy must be included. Moreover, the results of the analysis aimed at extracting four components for export market orientation, including; Virtual marketing, distribution through capillary networks, video branding, and health brand led. Furthermore, the results of content analysis for export performance include 2 components financial and operational. Examining the export performance in transformations should be considered as the contribution of the article in the management of knowledge in the field.
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IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, SAZU, UL, UM, UPUK
Publications pushing the “innovation ecosystem” meme have added valuable dimensions to the economic development discussion. The phrase has captured the imagination of policy makers and has motivated ...public initiatives of substantial magnitude. This paper reviews the concept of innovation ecosystems as it is set forth in the academic and trade literature, and asks, “What is gained from adding ‘eco-’ to our treatment of national and regional innovation systems?”
The answer is, “Very little, and the risks outweigh the benefits.” Innovation ecosystem is not yet a clearly defined concept, much less a theory. Moreover, the idea carries pitfalls, notably its over-emphasis on market forces, and its flawed analogy to natural ecosystems.
The prospect that the phrase “innovation ecosystem” is here to stay, in investment and economic development circles, implies a research gap, and indicates caution in using the phrase in rigorous research. The paper describes the gap, indicates directions for bridging it, and offers recommendations for prudent use of “ecosystem” terminology.
•Writers on “innovation ecosystems” have added some valuable ideas to the innovation discussion.•These ideas do not depend on “eco-” terminology. Appending “eco-” to “innovation systems” adds nothing of substance.•“Innovation ecosystem” is a faulty analogy to natural ecosystems, leading to cognitive dissonance and possibly harmful policy choices.•Researchers should avoid the ecosystem term, or use it with consideration of the cautions detailed in this paper.•These cautions encourage rigor in the development of innovation studies and practice.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZRSKP
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