•J. regia polyphenols-H. serotina polysaccharides nanoparticles were constructed.•The physicochemical properties of JRP-HSP NPs were systemically elucidated.•JRP-HSP NPs possessed sustain-release ...effect under gastrointestinal digestion.•The bioavailability of JRP was remarkably improved.
In order to improve the bioavailability of Juglans regia L. polyphenols (JRP) in human body, the novel Juglans regia L. polyphenols-Hohenbuehelia serotina polysaccharides (HSP) nanoparticles (JRP-HSP NPs) were synthesized based on electrostatic interaction. Moreover, the physicochemical properties, morphologies and gastrointestinal digestive characteristics of JRP-HSP NPs were respectively measured and analyzed. Among four kinds of JRP-HSP NPs prepared by different condition of mass ratio, JRP-HSP NPs (1:16) with encapsulation efficiency of 51.62%, average particle size of 341.0 nm, and zeta potential of −29.3 mv, presented better physicochemical properties, such as thermal stability, photostability and crystalline properties. Morphological analysis revealed JRP-HSP NPs (1:16) appeared spherical and almost uniform. Through evaluation of simulated gastrointestinal digestion, JRP-HSP NPs prevented the variation of phenolic composition induced by gastrointestinal digestion, which was similar as the one of undigested JRP, while un-encapsulated JRP exhibited totally different state due to degradation and biotransformation, suggesting that JRP-HSP NPs possessed the sustained release characteristics in gastrointestinal system. This study provided a non-toxic strategy to encapsulate polyphenols for improving their bioavailability.
Full text
Available for:
GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ
From the perspective of highway engineering, bio-asphalt binders have economic, social and environmental benefits and, therefore, can be partially substituted for petroleum-based asphalt binders. A ...typical raw material for producing bio-asphalt binder used as a renewable energy source is commonly called a biomaterial. Examples of these biomaterials are swine manure and waste cooking oil, as well as castor, sunflower, cotton, linseed and soybean oils. The aim of this review was to survey research efforts on bio-asphalt binder technology for flexible road applications, map the research view from the literature into a coherent and systematic taxonomy and determine the motivations behind using biomaterials in road applications. Meanwhile, an extensive taxonomy was developed based on the literature reviewed and analysed in terms of pure bio-asphalt binder, biomaterials with warm mix asphalt, biomaterials with reclaimed asphalt pavement and biomaterials with capsulation technology. Moreover, critical rheological characteristics and their performance characteristics in bio-asphalt mixture applications were reviewed. The current review concluded that most of the biomaterials can improve the low-temperature rheological properties, but at the same time affect the high-temperature rheological properties. The ageing of most bio-asphalt binders was also found to have a negative effect on the performance of bio-asphalt based on feedback sources and the resulting by-products, which cause unstable physiochemical and morphological behaviours. The fatigue performance of most of the bio-asphalt mixtures was positively enhanced, whereas rutting and moisture resistance were negatively affected. Overall, the different types of bio-asphalt binders possess properties that are either positive or negative. Future research is recommended to mitigate the ageing properties of bio-asphalt binders. The environmental impact and life-cycle assessment of bio-asphalt and traditional petroleum-based asphalt binders must be compared. Determining the optimum biomaterials to be used in pavement applications without compromising performance is an interesting task. This systematic review is expected to contribute to understanding of available gaps and options for other interested researchers to participate in this line of research.
•Introducing the systematic taxonomy for the effort of researchers on bio-asphalt binder.•Highlight the relationship of bio-asphalt with WMA, RAP and capsulation technologies.•Motivations, challenges and issues of bio-asphalt technology were summarised.•Highlight the available gaps, and options for other interested researchers.
Full text
Available for:
GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ
A method for the production of liquid capsules with the potential of modifying drug dose and release is presented. For the first time, the co-ordinated use of fused deposition modelling (FDM), 3D ...printing and liquid dispensing to fabricate individualised dosage form on demand in a fully automated fashion has been demonstrated. Polymethacrylate shells (Eudragit EPO and RL) for immediate and extended release were fabricated using FDM 3D printing and simultaneously filled using a computer-controlled liquid dispenser loaded with model drug solution (theophylline) or suspension (dipyridamole). The impact of printing modes: simultaneous shell printing and filling (single-phase) or sequential 3D printing of shell bottom, filling and shell cap (multi-phase), nozzle size, syringe volume, and shell structure has been reported. The use of shell thickness of 1.6 mm, and concentric architecture allowed successful containment of liquid core whilst maintaining the release properties of the 3D printed liquid capsule. The linear relationship between the theoretical and the actual volumes from the dispenser reflected its potential for accurate dosing (R2 = 0.9985). Modifying the shell thickness of Eudragit RL capsule allowed a controlled extended drug release without the need for formulation change. Owing to its low cost and versatility, this approach can be adapted to wide spectrum of liquid formulations such as small and large molecule solutions and obviate the need for compatibility with the high temperature of FDM 3D printing process. In a clinical setting, health care staff will be able to instantly manufacture in small volumes liquid capsules with individualised dose contents and release pattern in response to specific patient's needs.
Display omitted
Full text
Available for:
GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK
Liquid metal nanodroplets not only share similar metallic properties and nanoscale effect with solid metal nanoparticles, but also possess the additional uniqueness in nonvolatile fluidity and ...ambient sintering ability into continuous conductors. In most cases, liquid metal nanodroplets are encapsulated into ultrathin and fragile shells of oxides and amphiphile monolayers, and may be hindered from incorporating homogeneously into various composites through conventional processing methods. In this study, ring‐opening polymerization is found to be initiated by sonicating the liquid metal EGaIn in fluidic lactones. By this in situ polymerization, EGaIn nanodroplets are encapsulated into polylactone shells with tunable thickness, which can further be dried into a solid powder. Besides high chemical stability and dispersibility in organic solvents, the powder of the EGaIn capsules combines the exceptional properties of the EGaIn droplets (e.g., photothermal effect) and the polylactone shells (e.g., biocompatibility, biodegradability, and compatibility with different polymer matrixes), being capable of being introduced into thermoplastic composites through liquid casting and thermal‐ or photomolding for the notch‐insensitive tearing property, sintering‐induced electric conductivity, and photothermal effect. Thus, the EGaIn initiator of ring‐opening polymerization may start a pathway to produce stable andthermal/photomoldable powders of EGaIn capsules and their multifunctionalcomposites, applicable in biomedicines, soft electronics, and smart robots.
Ring‐opening polymerization initiated by sonicating EGaIn in fluidic lactones enables self‐capsulation of EGaIn droplets into polylactone shells with tunable thickness. With thermal/photomoldability, biocompatibility, biodegradability, and high photothermal efficiency, powder of EGaIn capsules is ideal for multifunctional composites (e.g., with sintering ability, notch‐insensitive tearing property, electric conductivity, and photothermal effect), applicable in stretchable electronics, biomedicines, and smart materials.
Full text
Available for:
BFBNIB, FZAB, GIS, IJS, KILJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, SBCE, SBMB, UL, UM, UPUK
Display omitted
•Capsulation with amorphous carbon promotes long-term stability of the electrode.•A large amount of Ni defects and additional oxygen defects are provided to the NiO crystal by Co2+ ...substitution.•OH− adsorption amount increased by four times at Co0.1Ni0.9O@C/CP electrode.•Synergized OER performance is achieved through the combination of AEM and LOM pathways.
Hydroxide ion (OH−) adsorption is an important step in promoting the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) in alkaline media. This study aims to design a rational catalyst to obtain several OH− adsorption sites to achieve excellent OER performance: NiO was selected as the main catalyst, and a Co0.1Ni0.9O catalyst was prepared with 10 % lattice substitution of Co2+ ions. The Co0.1Ni0.9O surface was capsulated with amorphous carbon to prevent corrosion by strong alkaline media. XPS analysis revealed that Ni2+ ion defects occurred in the Co0.1Ni0.9O crystal, and highly oxidized Ni3+ ions were mixed to attain the desired stoichiometric ratio. Electrophilic Ni2O3 in a highly oxidized state promotes attack from OH− ions, which is a nucleophile, and easily transforms into a NiOOH intermediate, which ultimately leads to the rapid progress of OER. That is, the strong covalent nature between Ni3+−O2− in the Co0.1Ni0.9O/CP electrode promotes charge transfer between the cationic metal surface and the OH− adsorbate, thereby accelerating OER. Moreover, C-capsulation in the Co0.1Ni0.9O particles reduces the band gap owing to the filling of the electrons from C between the Ni 3d and O 2p orbitals. Consequently, this improved the conductivity of the electrode, effectively reducing the ohmic potential drop and energy loss between the catalyst and the current collector. Therefore, the overpotential reached by this electrode at 10 mA cm−2 was greatly reduced to 332 mV, the Tafel slope was low at 91.98 mV dec−1, and during OER with a Faraday efficiency of 94.7 %. Moreover, this excellent performance remained stable even after 10 d.
Full text
Available for:
GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP
Ginsenoside is a natural extract of the genus ginseng, which has tumor preventive and inhibiting effects. In this study, ginsenoside loaded nanoparticles were prepared by an ionic cross-linking ...method with sodium alginate to enable a sustained slow release effect of ginsenoside Rb1 in the intestinal fluid through an intelligent response. Chitosan grafted hydrophobic group deoxycholic acid was used to synthesize CS-DA, providing loading space for hydrophobic Rb1. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) showed that the nanoparticles was spherical with smooth surfaces. The encapsulation rate of Rb1 enhanced with the increase of sodium alginate concentration and could reach to 76.62 ± 1.78 % when concentration was 3.6 mg/mL. It was found that the release process of CDA-NPs was most consistent with the primary kinetic model which is a diffusion-controlled release mechanism. CDA-NPs exhibited good pH sensitivity and controlled release properties in buffer solutions of different pH's at 1.2 and 6.8. The cumulative release of Rb1from CDA-NPs in simulated gastric fluid was <20 % within 2 h, while could release completely around 24 h in the simulated gastrointestinal fluid release system. It was demonstrated that CDA3.6-NPs can effectively control release and intelligently deliver ginsenoside Rb1, which is a promising alternative way for oral delivery.
Display omitted
•Chitosan grafting with deoxycholic acid have a good hydrophobic property.•Encapsulation rate can reach 76.62 % by a cross-linking reaction.•The addition of sodium alginate prolonged the controlled-release time of Rb1.•Higher concentrations of sodium alginate provided a more sensitive pH-response.
Full text
Available for:
GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ
In recent years, lead halide perovskite nanocrystals (PNCs) have presented potential scalable applications in all fields due to their outstanding properties. However, most commonly used PNCs capped ...with oleic acid (OA) and oleylamine (OAm) suffer from bad stability in polar solutions and thus require various surface protections with organic or inorganic materials. Encapsulation with highly hydrophobic polystyrene (PS) is one of the most efficient ways to protect PNCs; however, the presently used swelling–shrinking strategy faces several challenges, such as weak interaction between PS chains and the surface ligands in nonpolar media causing a low encapsulation efficiency, and serious aggregation of PS particles during the shrinkage process leading to very different particle sizes. Herein, alcohol-stable polyacrylic acid-capped CsPbBr3 PNCs (i.e., PAA-PNCs) are first synthesized and then in situ encapsulated with PS shells by polymerizing styrene monomer on the PNC surfaces in a polar organic solvent (e.g., ethanol). The in situ PS-encapsulated PAA-PNCs (i.e., PAA-PNCs@iPS) exhibit outstanding monodispersity, remarkable water, heat, and UV stability, high fluorescence activity, and color purity. The unique synthesis strategy and good performances of PAA-PNCs@iPS will boost the applications of PNCs in LEDs, biological imaging, and chemosensing.
Full text
Available for:
IJS, KILJ, NUK, PNG, UL, UM
We investigated the effect of processing conditions in low-temperature plasma on luminescent characteristics of AIIBVI phosphors. As a result of treatment, the luminescence spectra of all tested ...phosphors shifted to longer wavelengths, which was caused by change of quantities of luminescent centers due to the redistribution (diffusion) of the activator in the crystal lattice. In the case of ZnS:Cu,Cl and ZnS:Cu,Al phosphors brightness increased as a result of treatment. Therefore when phosphors were plasma coated with protective MgO encapsulation both brightness and stability were improved at the same time.
•Plasma processing of Cu activated AIIBVI phosphors redshifted luminescence spectra.•Luminescence brightness of ZnS:Cu,Cl and ZnS:Cu,Al phosphors increased after treatment.•Changes are due to formation of luminescent centers comprising Cu substituting Zn in ZnS lattice.•Parameter is suggested reflecting plasma treatment intensity in various conditions.
Full text
Available for:
GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK
Display omitted
•3D printed polymer capsules with ferrate were used for the degradation of pharmaceuticals.•Various polymer materials for capsule preparation were tested.•The highest degradation ...efficiency was found in the case of PVA capsules.•PVA capsules were stable and effective for more than one month.
Wastewaters are considered as a significant source of pathogenic microorganisms and wide spectrum of various compounds. In this study the capsulation of ferrate using 3D printing and its application for the degradation of selected pharmaceuticals, illicit drugs and its metabolites in real wastewater from the effluent of urban wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) Petržalka and Psychiatric clinic was investigated.
In the first part of the study, the stability of capsules made from various polymeric materials was tested. The best results were found in the case of the laboratory 3D-printed polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) capsules where high long-term stability of ferrate was observed. In this type of capsules ferrate can be stored at ambient conditions more than one month without significant decrease of its degradation efficiency.
In the next part of the study the ability of ferrate capsulated in 3D printed PVA capsules to oxidize various micropollutants present in real wastewater was tested. The best efficiency was achieved for clarithromycin, azithromycin, valsartan, diclofenac, atenolol and carbamazepine (over 80%). However, some of the tested compounds, such as caffeine, tramadol, and venlafaxine were only partially oxidized. It was also found that an increase of the amount of capsulated ferrate did not always lead to a significant increase of degradation efficiency. Capsulation of ferrate used in our research gives, therefore, the possibility not only to store but also to instantly apply ferrate in emergency situations and even in those environments where pure ferrate is rapidly decomposed.
Full text
Available for:
GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZRSKP
PDF
