Originally published in 1998. This book presents a model of social-contextual influences on children’s literacy and literate language. Literate language is similar to the language teachers use and to ...the language used in reading books for young children. Based on a longitudinal study in homes and schools, the authors here present the results of how diverse and close social relationships influence children’s literacy learning as they progress through the first three years of formal schooling, and discuss implications for teaching practice. Different types of reading matter in the home are examined and it is suggested that peers are helpful to the learning of literacy. Rather than separate friends as often happens in the classroom, this book suggest that interaction should be encouraged. It will be of interest to researchers and students of developmental and educational psychology, and to anyone interested in early cognitive and social development.
1. Early Literacy: Background and Theory 2. Methods in the Study of Children’s Literacy Development at Home and at School 3. Joint Reading Between Parents and Children 4. Peer Interaction, Play, and Literate Language: Naturalistic and Experimental Evidence from Preschool and Primary School Classrooms 5. Social Networks at Home and School: Diverse Social Contacts as Affordances for Literacy Development 6. Role of Social Relationships in Literacy Development 7. Relationships, Individual Differences, and Children’s Use of Literate Language 8. A Case Study of School-based Literacy Learning 9. What is to be Done?
The rise of literature on adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) has indicated a strong relationship between ACEs and negative life outcomes, leading to important implications for services to the ...population. However, less is known about the effects of ACEs on happiness and the role of mindfulness in this relation. This study examined the relationships between ACEs and happiness and whether mindfulness mediated the effects of ACEs on happiness in a sample of Chinese college students. The data were collected from 1871 college students from 12 colleges across China in September 2020. The findings of this study show that ACEs had significant negative effects on students' happiness and that mindfulness helped to substantially reduce the negative effects of ACEs on happiness. Students who experienced emotional neglect and abuse in childhood were affected the most. By contrast, this group is not the primary focus of mindfulness‐based interventions in existing literature; thus, this study calls for specific mindfulness‐based interventions for this vulnerable population.
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BFBNIB, DOBA, FZAB, GIS, IJS, IZUM, KILJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBMB, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK, VSZLJ
•Intergenerational studies of adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) are few.•Hispanic/Latinos are underrepresented in intergenerational studies of ACEs.•Parent's ACEs were associated with the BMI of ...their children.•Parent's ACEs were associated with lower BMI among girls, but not among boys.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ
Childhood adversities are major preventable risk factors for poor mental and physical health. Scientific advances in this area are not matched by clinical gains for affected individuals. We reflect ...on novel research directions that could accelerate clinical impact.
Objective Intimate partner violence (IPV) among college students is a significant problem that negatively affects their physical and emotional health. This study aimed at examining risk factors, ...especially childhood adversities at the individual, relationship, and community levels, of IPV perpetration among college students. Methods: The sample from seven universities in the U.S. and Canada (N = 3,725) completed an online survey. Major variables included IPV perpetration, five types of childhood adversities, alcohol and drug use, depression, and demographic information. Logistic regression was performed. Results: Peer violence victimization, witnessing parental IPV, experiencing child maltreatment, drug use, and depression were associated with a higher odd of perpetrating IPV. Conclusions: Research and practice must account for exposure to multiple risk factors when intervening with college students. An integrative approach that combines trauma-informed interventions with substance use and mental health treatment may be most successful at IPV perpetration prevention and intervention among college students.
To study the association between phototherapy for the treatment of neonatal jaundice and the risk of childhood neoplasms.
This population-based retrospective cohort study included all infants born at ...≥32 weeks of gestation at a single medical center between 1988 and 2018. The incidence of neoplastic diseases was compared between infants exposed to phototherapy and those unexposed. Kaplan–Meier curves and log-rank tests were used for cumulative incidence comparison, and multivariable Cox and Weibull survival analysis were used to adjust for confounding or clinically significant variables.
The study population included 342 172 infants, of whom 18 797 (5.5%) were exposed to phototherapy. The median duration of follow-up was 9.5 years (range, birth to 18 years). Phototherapy was associated with a significantly increased risk for childhood malignancies and benign tumors (preterm birth and maternal age–adjusted hazard ratio, 1.89 95% CI, 1.35-2.67 for malignancies and 1.27 95% CI, 1.02-1.57 for benign tumors) Specifically, phototherapy was associated with hematopoietic cancers and leukemia (hazard ratio, 2.29 95% CI, 1.48-3.54; P < .01 for hematopoietic cancers and 2.51 95% CI, 1.52-4.14; P < .001 for leukemia), but not with solid tumors and lymphoma.
Phototherapy may be associated with a slightly increased childhood risk of neoplasm. It is important to strictly follow phototherapy treatment guidelines to minimize unnecessary exposure.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ
Drawing on the thoughts of Jacques Rancière, this open access book seeks to understand the politics of childhood art by attending to the relational matters in children’s artistic practices rather ...than the linear age-based developmental theories which often limit children’s creativity. Weaving Rancière’s ideas on pedagogy, politics, and aesthetics, with a research study at a Kindergarten classroom in the USA and the author’s own art experiences in South Korea as a child, Hayon Park discusses the politics and ethics of teacher-led art projects, children’s popular culture, and adult-child drawing companionship. The author argues that childhood art and in education is inherently political and relational as, from an early age, children are acutely aware of monitoring, categorisation, and the potential oppression of their art making and learning. Offering a post-structural, reconceptualist approach to art education, Park argues for new emancipatory practices and pedagogies, which encourage children's creativity and activate curiosity. The eBook editions of this book are available open access under a CC BY-NC-ND 3.0 licence on bloomsburycollections.com.
Research has consistently shown a relationship between adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) and poor mental health outcomes, and recent research shows that sexual and gender minority (SGM) ...individuals are at increased risk for ACEs. Moreover, SGM individuals may experience unique ACEs. Increased risk for exposure to traditional and SGM-specific ACEs are related to heterosexism.
The purpose of this paper is two-fold. First, establish the need for an SGM specific ACEs framework that accounts for exposure to heterosexism. Second, assess the psychometric properties of the SGM-ACEs scale.
Participants and Setting: Data were collected using a multifaceted sampling strategy. In total, 1725 self-identified SGM Texans completed an online survey about ACEs, SGM-ACEs, mental health diagnoses, and demographic characteristics.
The most commonly reported SGM-ACEs were seeing or hearing of other SGM being physical harmed (71.2%), being bullied in school for being SGM (67.9%), and hearing religious leaders say homophobic, biphobic, or transphobic things (60.8%). The EFA showed that 7-items loaded onto a single factor and the CFA indicated a good model fit, with items showing a significant factor loading higher than 0.60. SGM-ACE showed adequate to good psychometric properties and predicted depression (AOR = 1.49, CI = 1.20, 1.86), anxiety (AOR = 1.61, CI = 1.25, 2.00), and PTSD (AOR = 1.97, CI = 1.47, 2.66), when controlling for ACEs and demographic factors.
The 7-item SGM-ACEs measure is a psychometrically sound and unidimensional measure that can be quickly used to assess common adverse childhood experiences related to heterosexism.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP
Introduction Previous studies have examined the effects of sex and childhood trauma on subjective and polysomnographic measures of sleep, but their synergistic effects on quantitative EEG (qEEG) ...during sleep remain unknown. We evaluated whether sex moderates the effects of childhood trauma on sleep qEEG using power spectral analysis in a community-based sample of healthy young adults. Methods A sample of 77 men and 95 women aged 18-30 without any comorbid psychiatric, medical, or sleep disorders, completed the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ) and one night of polysomnography (PSG) with spectral data extracted and averaged from F3 and F4 leads. EEG activity bands during NREM and REM sleep was extracted for delta (0.5-4 Hz), theta (4-8 Hz), alpha (8-12 Hz), sigma (12-16 Hz), and beta (16-32 Hz) relative power bands. Multiple regressions tested childhood trauma and sex interaction effects on spectral activity bands during both REM and NREM sleep. If sex was not a moderator, we examined additive effects of sex and CTQ. Models were adjusted for both race and age. Results Sex and childhood trauma interactions were non-significant across all bands (p>0.429). Greater CTQ was significantly associated with increased beta power during NREM sleep (p=0.042). Women had greater power than men across delta (p<0.001), theta (p<0.001), alpha (p=0.006), and sigma (p=0.002) bands during NREM sleep. This same pattern was seen during REM sleep: delta (p<0.001), theta (p=0.001), alpha (p<0.001), and sigma (p=0.001). Conclusion No sex by childhood trauma interactions on qEEG were detected in this sample. Childhood trauma had a specific association, independent of sex, on NREM beta activity. This suggests that childhood trauma has long-lasting effects on central arousal during sleep, even in healthy sleepers, and may be a marker of vulnerability to sleep disturbances. Consistent with some prior studies, women in this sample showed significantly greater power across all activity bands during NREM and REM sleep than men. Support (If Any) DOD MOMRP Log #11293006 (Germain); Clinician Scientist Training Program, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine
Researchers are increasingly recognising the connections between early childhood educators’ well-being and their capacity for providing high quality education and care. The past five years have seen ...an intensification of research concerning early childhood educators’ well-being. However, fragmentation along conceptual, contextual and methodological lines makes it difficult to clearly identify the most effective focus for future research. The purpose of this article is to identify trends in, and implications of recent research concerned with educators’ well-being. Attention is given to ways recent studies address concerns raised in a review of earlier literature (Hall-Kenyon et al. in Early Child Educ J 42(3):153–162,
2014
, doi:
10.1007/s10643-013-0595-4
), and what implications recent studies have for future research efforts concerned with educators’ well-being.
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DOBA, EMUNI, FIS, FZAB, GEOZS, GIS, IJS, IMTLJ, IZUM, KILJ, KISLJ, MFDPS, NLZOH, NUK, OBVAL, ODKLJ, OILJ, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, SBMB, SBNM, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK, VKSCE, ZAGLJ
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