•Using textbooks, we track the evolution of perceptions on economic experiments.•Anti-experimental rhetoric was dominant in introductory textbooks until 2000.•Depictions of experiments being ...impossible only disappeared in the last decade.•Interviews with key textbook authors suggest acceptance of experimentation today.
Traditionally, economists often argued experiments play little or no useful role in our science. This paper employs a novel approach to track the historical evolution of this doctrine from 1970 to 2019, by constructing a dataset of 278 introductory economics textbooks. Quantitative and qualitative analysis shows that anti-experimental views were dominant and largely unchanged until 2000, but there has since been a trend towards textbooks making positive statements about experimentation. However, remarks that economic experiments are impossible have been (almost) eliminated only in the last decade, evidencing a sluggish change in perceptions. Supplementary interviews with key textbook authors confirm the historical trend of increased enthusiasm towards experiments, and suggest they are now accepted within the economic mainstream. Our findings hold important implications for how the empirical methodology of economics is understood by practitioners and students.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP
Introduction. The article presents the analysis of the practice of organizing collective works and duties in the traditional community of Don Cossacks. The relevance of the research is due to both ...small exploration degree of this problem and possibilities of using some traditional forms of organizing working community life in modern conditions.
Methods and materials. The base of the article is the analysis of periodic printing data of the late 19th century and ethnographic expeditions of the 20th – early 21st centuries. The paper presents the practice analysis of organizing collective works and social duties in the traditional community of Don Cossacks. Different varieties of field works, hunting, neighbour mutual help in constructing houses and preparing products for winter, improving settlements, maintaining churches etc. were related to collective works and duties. Such duties as keeping horse producing herds, being on duty at stanitsa administration, convoying, securing settlements were determined by the features of the Cossack militarized mode of life. Social works and duties were distributed by sex and age.
Analysis and Results. By the structure and functions revealing this practices and by analyzing people’s terms for their designation the author determines that the most part of these works and duties (in view of their social importance and ways of organizing, and due to the connection with the term of common share) were related more to the sacral scope than the profane one and in fact represented varieties of rite forms. Such attitude to the labor sphere of life was connected with shared worldviews of Cossacks, their ideas about harmonically arranged social life. The relevance of the presented materials is determined by small exploration degree of this problem and possibilities of using some traditional forms of organizing working community life in modern conditions.
The history of fashion shows goes back more than a century, and over the years, catwalks have gone from being private sales channels for a few wealthy customers to pure entertainment shows promoted ...globally. In this article, we analyze both national and international laws dealing with the protection of fashion shows in order to establish how fashion shows could be protected under intellectual property laws in Italy, with specific regard to copyright. The possibility for fashion shows to access copyright protection opens up a list of interesting questions: Who is the author of the work? Are models to be considered as performers? This scenario gets even more complicated if we consider how fashion shows have been changing in the last few years, turning to new technologies such as holograms, augmented reality, and drones. Further, copyright protection could be accompanied by further tools, such as registered or unregistered designs for the single elements of a scene and choreography or unfair competition if the general look and feel of a former fashion show has been slavishly imitated. A final section of this article is dedicated to the use of cultural heritage and historical museums, which are increasingly chosen by fashion houses for the settings of their shows.
How can we portray and analyse society adequately? This question which previously occupied the literary milieu of the nineteenth century now knows a revival not least due to projects like Raconter la ...vie (Pierre Rosanvallon) providing an opportunity for the French people to talk about their lives and to thus co-write the “true novel of today’s society.” This article aims at presenting some current projects of social representation. In the process, both the medial, narrative and epistemological strategies of some ongoing projects as well as their historical references shall be made visible.
33 Economic Bestsellers published before 1750 Reinert, Erik S.; Reinert, Fernanda A.
The European journal of the history of economic thought,
11/2018, Volume:
25, Issue:
6
Journal Article
Peer reviewed
This article looks at 33 economics books that were published before 1750 and appeared in ten editions or more before 1850. This is a period - before Physiocracy and before the works of Adam Smith - ...which has been largely neglected in the history of economic thought. The article sheds new light on the early bestselling contributions of German and Italian economists, and on an internationally famous Spanish economist at the time. Also of interest is that three of the bestselling English economists of the period are so forgotten that they do not even have an entry in Wikipedia.
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BFBNIB, DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
Over the past 30 years, James Andreoni has produced a body of work like few others in public economics. Motivated by a personal need to understand the determinants of prosocial behavior, and by ...offering a rare blend of insights from formal theory, controlled experiments, and field data, Andreoni has succeeded in elucidating the broader relevance of prosocial motives and their far‐reaching economic implications. This article offers an overview of his work on prosociality, highlighting some of his seminal contributions and placing them in a historical context. We argue that James Andreoni has had a unique role in the quest to ensure that others have a place in our utility functions.
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FZAB, GIS, IJS, IZUM, KILJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PILJ, SAZU, SBCE, SBMB, UL, UM, UPUK
The main purpose of this paper is to review the studies and research on "work" and "cooperation" before and after the Islamic Revolution in Iran in order to determine which conjectures and ...assumptions, the conceptual and theoretical frameworks in this field Problem solving and problem solving process? Identifying, collecting works as sources of data and information and distinguishing texts based on the print time (before and after the Islamic Revolution) and their contents and approaches (based on the knowledge base) shows that in analyzing the changes of the social system in its general meaning - with The focus is on "work" and "cooperation", with two knowledge (indigenous knowledge and translation knowledge). Therefore, two types of analysis have been developed at two levels to illustrate the status of work and cooperation in Iran. In the pre-revolutionary period, the first level consists of an official, governmental, and academic perspective, and the second level includes the reality and the field of Iranian culture and society, which is incidentally unofficial. After the victory of the Islamic Revolution, the institutional contrast of the Iranian-Islamic society with the design and experience of a variety of revolutionary institutions, especially the construction Jihad with the slogan "all together", reveals the reality of the continuing cultural and social challenge with analyzes and import organizations. The successful passage of this cultural challenge depends on the critical recognition of work experience and collaboration, and community groups and organizations in diverse and diverse array of formats, and numerous localities in villages, nomads, guilds, religious groups and religious organizations in Iran for an analysis of work culture can be promoted from a micro, individual, or collective level to traditional, psychological, and macro levels, to a macro, sociological, and organizational level with functions in new areas - and of course based on historical constructs and experiences.
This article examines the content and longevity of The Structure of American Industry, edited first by Walter Adams and later by James Brock, through its 13 editions. The changing composition of ...industry case studies and their contributors are chronicled. The application of the Structure-Conduct-Performance paradigm for the study of industries is also assessed. As representatives of the approach and themes of the book, the chapters on Steel and on Public Policy are explored as they evolve through the multiple editions. The impact of the 13 editions is assessed in light of other books that contain industry case studies L1, L22, L6.
Ethnographical research carried out between 1997 and 2001 of the five Jury Courts in the city of São Paulo leads me to ask whether courts in general, and the Jury Court in particular, can be ...explained merely as arenas of conflict and privileged sites for the interplay of domination and subjection. Although in such places we can observe rituals that reinforce traditionally established hierarchies, they also allow for the construction of new subjectivities and the redefinition of social experiences. The facts/dramas reconstructed in the courts are as far removed from their original contexts as they are from the possibility of being explained from a legal perspective alone. They are of a different nature and their meaning can only be understood from within the ritual, playful and poetic domains of their own expression.
A partir de etnografia realizada, entre 1997 e 2001, nos cinco Tribunais do Júri da cidade de São Paulo, questiono se tribunais, em geral, e os do júri, em particular, se esgotam como arenas de luta ...nas quais o binômio dominação-sujeição se realiza de forma privilegiada. Sustento que, embora observemos, nesses espaços, rituais que reiteram hierarquias tradicionalmente estabelecidas, eles também permitem a construção de novas subjetividades e a redefinição de experiências sociais. Os fatos-dramas reconstituídos nos júris estão longe de seus contextos originais tanto quanto da possibilidade de se explicarem legalmente. Eles são de outra natureza, cujo sentido só se alcança no domínio ritualizado, lúdico e poético de sua própria expressão.Ethnographical research carried out between 1997 and 2001 of the five Jury Courts in the city of São Paulo leads me to ask whether courts in general, and the Jury Court in particular, can be explained merely as arenas of conflict and privileged sites for the interplay of domination and subjection. Although in such places we can observe rituals that reinforce traditionally established hierarchies, they also allow for the construction of new subjectivities and the redefinition of social experiences. The facts/dramas reconstructed in the courts are as far removed from their original contexts as they are from the possibility of being explained from a legal perspective alone. They are of a different nature and their meaning can only be understood from within the ritual, playful and poetic domains of their own expression.
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