This paper reviews the historic development of the conceptualization of ecosystem services and examines critical landmarks in economic theory and practice with regard to the incorporation of ...ecosystem services into markets and payment schemes. The review presented here suggests that the trend towards monetization and commodification of ecosystem services is partly the result of a slow move from the original economic conception of nature's benefits as use values in Classical economics to their conceptualization in terms of exchange values in Neoclassical economics. The theory and practice of current ecosystem services science are examined in the light of this historical development. From this review, we conclude that the focus on monetary valuation and payment schemes has contributed to attract political support for conservation, but also to commodify a growing number of ecosystem services and to reproduce the Neoclassical economics paradigm and the market logic to tackle environmental problems.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UL, UM, UPUK
Tourism and conservation policies in Sweden share a significant common history, involving constructions of the non-human world. In this paper, the development of this historical relationship is ...traced through national park policies and the Swedish Tourist Association's yearbooks, from the late nineteenth century onward. We explore this in theoretical terms of what Nancy Fraser has called ‘boundary struggles’: constantly mutating institutionalized divisions between capitalist production and nature, public governance, and social reproductive activities. Through our analysis, we identify five discursive formations — significant changes in the discursive constructions of the non-human world entailing reconfigurations of boundary struggles. Shifts between notions of sublime and wild nature external to capitalism, as stakes in welfare state accessibility debate, and as tools in the current moment of intensified commodification of the non-human world, confirm the persistence of boundary struggles in capitalist society.
•Emphasizes capitalism's contested separation from nature, reproduction, and polity.•Traces constructions of the non-human world throughout Swedish national park history.•Analyses key policies and tourism yearbooks between 1870 and 2021.•Detects five discursive displacements in the constructions of the non-human world.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP
Dans cet article, nous allons nous pencher sur les stratégies discursives adoptées dans la communication touristique digitale par les structures publiques de Sardaigne et de Corse, deux régions ...fortement connotées dans le contexte méditerranéen d’un point de vue linguistique et identitaire. Ces deux destinations, souvent décrites comme « soeurs », divergent néanmoins du point de vue des stratégies de communication déployées dans les portails touristiques institutionnels. Ces deux contextes insulaires constituent ainsi des cas d’étude particulièrement intéressants pour analyser la façon dont la question de l’authenticité est élaborée dans la communication touristique digitale. Il s’agira ici d’analyser l’inévitable tension, dans le passage du local au global, entre « marchandisation » et « authenticité ». On s’interrogera également sur la façon dont les deux langues minoritaires, le sarde et le corse, marqueurs de l’identité culturelle régionale, sont mobilisées dans la « mise en destination ». La langue participe en effet d’une forme d’authenticité et donc de marchandisation lorsqu’elle est considérée comme vecteur de valeurs traditionnelles, comme une valeur ajoutée, une plus-value marchande.
Digital tourism communication of institutional bodies in Sardinia and Corsica. Regional languages between authenticity and commodification. A case study.
In this article, we will look at the discursive strategies adopted in digital tourism communication by the public structures of Sardinia and Corsica, two regions with strong linguistic and identity connotations in the Mediterranean context. These two destinations, often described as « sisters », nevertheless diverge from the point of view of the communication strategies deployed in the institutional tourist portals. These two island contexts thus constitute particularly interesting case studies for analysing the way in which the question of authenticity is elaborated in digital tourism communication. The aim here is to analyse the inevitable tension, in the transition from the local to the global, between « commodification » and « authenticity ». We will also look at the way in which the two minority languages, Sardinian and Corsican, markers of regional cultural identity, are mobilised in the « destination setting ». The language is indeed part of a form of authenticity and therefore of merchandising when it is considered as a vector of traditional values and therefore as an added value, a commercial surplus value.
The Editorial Board of Social & Legal Studies is pleased to present this Dialogue & Debate which features Katharina Pistor’s fascinating new book, The Code of Capital.1 We thank our contributors – ...Marco Goldoni, Iagê Miola, Anna Chadwick, and Sol Picciotto – for their insightful engagements with the book. We also wish to express our particular gratitude to Katharina Pistor for agreeing to contribute a rejoinder to the Dialogue & Debate, and for her support of the initiative.
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Defining authenticity and authentic experience is a complex process. The actual meaning of authenticity is ‘original’; however there are different interpretations based on various perspectives such ...as objectivism, constructivism and post-modernism. Under current changing and globalizing environment, cultural boundaries are weakening and traditions lose their meanings. Power and politics play important role in heritage preservation and authorization of the authentic experience. The search for authentic experience has become a main drive for people to travel recently. The increase in the demand for authentic products and experience led to the commodification o cultural elements. On the other hand, this type of tourism creates job for local people and guided them to explore their culture deeper. Authentic experience reinforces stereotypes and breaks them at the same time. Different variables such as globalization, capitalism, standardization should be considered in authenticity research. The purpose of this paper is to analyze the role of authenticity in touristic experience be reviewing relevant literature.
The research examined the relationship between cultural ritual, linguistic, and ecology in the context of ecotourism. It aimed to encourage, stimulate, and integrate the use of religious tradition’s ...terms in understanding and reinterpreting the environment and human relations and its roles. Cultural forms and elements basically had the potential to be used as a tourism commodity, meaning that they could be commodified. The research also related to ecolinguistics, a study that discussed language associated with the environment in which the language grew and developed and how it was used by the community. Cultural rituals as a tourism commodity could be a means of maintaining culture and language even though they were commodified for tourism purposes. Thus, the religious-cultural structure of Rebo Buntung and Tetulaq Tamperan should be packaged following its original structure as a medium for cultural and language preservation but also packaged as attractively as possible with a contextual structure that adapted to tourism sites so that could attract tourists. This ecospiritual commodification was expected to be able to budge the economy of the surrounding community. The research was conducted at Ketapang Beach, Tanjung Menangis, Pringgabaya district, and East Lombok where Rebo Buntung ritual was carried out. The research applied a qualitative descriptive method. For this reason, the data obtained were analyzed using qualitative descriptive analysis by describing the data obtained from an informant. On that basis, it can be concluded that the practice of ecospriritual commodification can have multiple effects, not only to preserve culture and language but also to maintain community harmony with nature, as well as improve the economy of the local community.
Digital disconnection has risen as a new and necessary act of care that individuals perform to counter the burdens associated with 24/7 connectivity. Resources to perform such caring tasks, however, ...are known to be unequally distributed. Leaning on feminist theory and digital disconnection studies, this study explores whether this unequal distribution also extends to the realm of digital disconnection by examining who is portrayed to care about digital disconnection in marketing communication of digital disconnection products and services. Through a critical discourse analysis, we find that digital disconnection is foremost presented as an individualized responsibility, meaning that the particular responsibility to (re-) gain control, focus and productivity, lies with the individual user. This responsible individual is feminized in most communications, except for highly masculinized, entrepreneurial-oriented forms of commodified digital disconnection. Overall, our analysis highlights how stereotypical gendered caring roles and processes of individual responsibilization are reinforced in commodified digital products and services. To breach this vicious circle, we argue that it is crucial to bring awareness to the essentialness of digital disconnection care work to ensure that disconnection opportunities and responsibilities are not dictated by social inequalities generated by neoliberal logics.
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18.
Commodification and Disruption Timo Seidl
Weizenbaum journal of the digital society,
07/2023, Volume:
3, Issue:
1
Journal Article
Peer reviewed
Open access
There is little disagreement that digital technologies are transforming contemporary economies and societies. However, scholars have only begun to systematically think about how digitalization – the ...process whereby more and more of what we say, think, and do becomes mediated by digital technologies – is both driven by and transformative of capitalism. This paper argues that when one speaks about digitalization, one cannot be silent about capitalism. It reconstructs commodification and disruption as key features of capitalist development. It then shows how three digital revolutions – the platform, (big) data, and artificial intelligence revolutions – have ushered in a new wave of commodification and disruption, giving rise to digital capitalism. Finally, it discusses the challenges commodification and disruption pose in the form of redistribution of resources, rebalancing of power, rule adaption, and market re-embedding. The paper brings together a wide range of scholarship to offer a historically and theoretically grounded framework for how to think about and study the rise of digital capitalism.
Non-fungible tokens (NFTs) exist today as a component of a broader, ever-evolving financial environment in which questions of value, ownership, and intention are characterized by their ambiguity. ...This article considers Dapper Labs “NBA Top Shot,” a blockchain-backed website inviting NBA fans to join in “a new era in fandom” wherein they may acquire NFTs of NBA highlights by opening “packs,” which are functionally similar to trading cards. NFTs reflect the pressures of market forces, as well as increased cultural and economic emphasis on marketization, financialization, commodification, and the ubiquity of gambling-like designs and interactions. Furthermore, this study explores tensions present in differing intentions for the NBA Top Shot platform and Discord server, the diffuse nature of user conversations (a nature that disregards topical boundaries), and audience attention toward marketization and investment interests. The commodification of the NBA fan experience illustrates a shared social pressure to more readily think of one’s life, interactions, and consumptive behaviors through the lens of the investor, fostering financial attitudes that normalize instability and encourage risk-taking beyond the scope of a platform where purchase-dependent interactions serve as a source of joy and social experience in a venue representing a perceived electronic gold rush.
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Des travaux de plus en plus nombreux indiquent que la croissance verte est un mythe et que nous devons nous engager dans la reconversion écologique de nos économies. Celle-ci suppose un changement ...profond de cosmologie, de nos cadres cognitifs et de nos indicateurs de référence. La démocratisation et la démarchandisation du travail constitueraient des atouts précieux dans l’avènement de sociétés post-croissance.
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