The Company-State rethinks the nature of the early English East India Company as a form of polity and corporate sovereign well before its supposed transformation into a state and empire in the ...mid-eighteenth century. Taking seriously the politics and political thought of the early Company on their own terms, it explores the Company's political and legal constitution as an overseas corporation and the political institutions and behaviors that followed from it, from tax collection and public health to warmaking and colonial plantation. Tracing the ideological foundations of those institutions and behaviors, this book reveals how Company leadership wrestled not simply with the bottom line but with typically early modern problems of governance, such as: the mutual obligations of subjects and rulers; the relationship between law, economy, and sound civil and colonial society; and the nature of jurisdiction and sovereignty over people, commerce, religion, territory, and the sea. The Company-State thus reframes some of the most fundamental narratives in the history of the British Empire, questioning traditional distinctions between public and private bodies, "commercial" and "imperial" eras in British India, a colonial Atlantic and a "trading world" of Asia, European and Asian political cultures, and the English and their European rivals in the East Indies. At its core, The Company-State offers a view of early modern Europe and Asia, and especially the colonial world that connected them, as resting in composite, diffuse, hybrid, and overlapping notions of sovereignty that only later gave way to more modern singular, centralized, and territorially- and nationally-bounded definitions of political community. Given growing questions about the fate of the nation-state and of national borders in an age of "globalization," this study offers a perspective on the vitality of non-state and corporate political power perhaps as relevant today as it was in the seventeenth century. Available in OSO: http://www.oxfordscholarship.com/oso/public/content/history/9780195393736/toc.html
The English East India Company was one of the most powerful and enduring organizations in history.Between Monopoly and Free Tradelocates the source of that success in the innovative policy by which ...the Company's Court of Directors granted employees the right to pursue their own commercial interests while in the firm's employ. Exploring trade network dynamics, decision-making processes, and ports and organizational context, Emily Erikson demonstrates why the English East India Company was a dominant force in the expansion of trade between Europe and Asia, and she sheds light on the related problems of why England experienced rapid economic development and how the relationship between Europe and Asia shifted in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries.
Though the Company held a monopoly on English overseas trade to Asia, the Court of Directors extended the right to trade in Asia to their employees, creating an unusual situation in which employees worked both for themselves and for the Company as overseas merchants. Building on the organizational infrastructure of the Company and the sophisticated commercial institutions of the markets of the East, employees constructed a cohesive internal network of peer communications that directed English trading ships during their voyages. This network integrated Company operations, encouraged innovation, and increased the Company's flexibility, adaptability, and responsiveness to local circumstance.
Between Monopoly and Free Tradehighlights the dynamic potential of social networks in the early modern era.
The first crash Dale, Richard
2004., 20140424, 2014, 2004, 2005-01-01
eBook
For nearly three centuries the spectacular rise and fall of the South Sea Company has gripped the public imagination as the most graphic warning to investors of the dangers of unbridled speculation. ...Yet history repeats itself and the same elemental forces that drove up the price of South Sea shares to dizzying heights in 1720 have in recent years produced the global crash of 1987, the Japanese stock market bubble of the 1980s/90s, and the international dot.com boom of the 1990s.
The First Crashthrows light on the current debate about investor rationality by re-examining the story of the South Sea Bubble from the standpoint of investors and commentators during and preceding the fateful Bubble year. In absorbing prose, Richard Dale describes the trading techniques of London's Exchange Alley (which included 'modern' transactions such as derivatives) and uses new data, as well as the hitherto neglected writings of a brilliant contemporary financial analyst, to show how investors lost their bearings during the Bubble period in much the same way as during the dot.com boom.
The events of 1720, as presented here, offer insights into the nature of financial markets that, being independent of place and time, deserve to be considered by today's investors everywhere. This book is therefore aimed at all those with an interest in the behavior of stock markets.
Introduction: The recognition of Individual LLCs is a concrete step from the government to support micro and small enterprises, which triggers Indonesia's economic growth. However, improvements to ...the regulation of Individual LLCs are needed immediately. Purposes of the Research: The research aims to explain and analyze the regulatory comparison of an Individual LLC in Indonesia and a Single-Member LLC owned by an Individual in Vietnam.Methods of the Research: The type of research is normative legal research with statutory and comparative approaches. Data was collected using library research with qualitative analysis.Results of the Research: The results can see from various aspects, such as the definition, company establishment, organizational structure, rights and obligations of company founders, and conversion. In Indonesia, the definition is outlined in Regulation of the Minister of LHR Number 21/2021, while in Vietnam is regulated in Law on Enterprises 2020. An Individual LLC in Indonesia can only establish by an individual, whereas in Vietnam, the owner of the Single-Member LLC can be an organization or an individual. Indonesia only knows the Company's Director, while there are President and a Director/General Director in Vietnam. The rights and obligations of the owner of an Individual LLC in Indonesia are not explicitly regulated, while Vietnam regulates it. It's possible to convert only an Individual LLC into a Capital Partnership LLC in Indonesia, while in Vietnam, it is possible to change either way. Evaluation and improvement of the regulation of Individual LLCs in Indonesia are urgently needed to create a firm legal umbrella for micro and small business actors.
This accounting history study follows the major chronological events in the first 50 years of the Ford Motor Company from the perspective of accounting procedures and financial reporting. Several key ...business executives are profiled, along with their contributions to the implementation and maintenance of financial structures and policies.
Why didn't the protectionist spiral of the 1920s reappear in the
1970s in light of similar economic and political realities? In
Resisting Protectionism , Helen Milner analyzes the growth
of ...international economic interdependence and its effects on trade
policy in the United States and France. She argues that the limited
protectionist response of the 1970s stems from the growth of firms'
international economic ties, which reduces their interest in
protection by increasing its cost. Thus firms with greater
international connections will be less protectionist than more
domestically oriented firms. The book develops this thesis by
examining the international ties of export dependence,
multinationality, and global intra-firm trade. After studying
selected U.S. industries, Milner also examines French firms to see
if they respond to increased interdependence in the same way as
American firms, despite their different historical, ideological,
and political contexts.
Historians of British colonial rule in India have noted both the place of military might and the imposition of new cultural categories in the making of Empire, but Bhavani Raman, in Document Raj, ...uncovers a lesser-known story of power: the power of bureaucracy. Drawing on extensive archival research in the files of the East India Company's administrative offices in Madras, she tells the story of a bureaucracy gone awry in a fever of documentation practices that grew ever more abstract—and the power, both economic and cultural, this created. In order to assert its legitimacy and value within the British Empire, the East India Company was diligent about record keeping. Raman shows, however, that the sheer volume of their document production allowed colonial managers to subtly but substantively manipulate records for their own ends, increasingly drawing the real and the recorded further apart. While this administrative sleight of hand increased the company's reach and power within the Empire, it also bolstered profoundly new orientations to language, writing, memory, and pedagogy for the officers and Indian subordinates involved. Immersed in a subterranean world of delinquent scribes, translators, village accountants, and entrepreneurial fixers, Document Raj maps the shifting boundaries of the legible and illegible, the legal and illegitimate, that would usher India into the modern world.
′Alan Bryman has expanded on his well-known work on Disney and Disneyization to create a fascinating, highly readable book... This is an important book about a significant social process. And, it ...manages to be fun, as well!′ - George Ritzer, author of McDonalidization and Professor of Sociology, University of Maryland.
The 1909 Companies Act was known as the “Transvaal Act”. After South Africa was established as a Union, each province had its own Companies Act. There is no indication that the 1909 Act was amended ...on provincial level. Later on, a new Act was written, namely the “1926 Companies Act”, and it was based upon the 1909 Act. Most South African textbooks cite only the 1926 and 1973 Companies Act, without any reference to the 1909 Act. This historic legislation is however relevant to fully understand the background to South African company law. Furthermore, the 1909 Act contains more than 26 definitions, such as: a special resolution, private company, debenture, director, share and prospectus. Most of these concepts are still relevant today, 110 years later.
