Scholars from the health and medical sciences have recently proposed the term social informatics (SI) as a new scientific subfield of health informatics (HI). However, SI is not a new academic ...concept; in fact, it has been continuously used in the social sciences and informatics since the 1970s. Although the dominant understanding of SI was established in the 1990s in the United States, a rich international perspective on SI has existed since the 1970s in other regions of the world. When that perspective is considered, the fields of understanding can be structured into 7 SI schools of thought. Against that conceptual background, this paper contributes to the discussion on the relationship between SI and HI, outlining possible perspectives of SI that are associated with health, medical, and clinical aspects. This paper argues against the multiplication and inconsistent appearance of the term SI when newly used in health and medical sciences. A more explicit name for the area that uses health and social data to advance individual and population health might be helpful to overcome this issue; giving an identity to this new field would help it to be understood more precisely and bring greater separation. This labeling could be fruitful for further segmentation of HI, which is rapidly expanding.
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Towards the view of value creation through digital applications integration and their complementary characteristics, this study proposes a framework using the resource-based view and the capability ...view to explore the integration of digital capabilities to support value creation in an organization. The paper adopted a systematic review by exploring literature on digital innovations applications such as big data analytics, cloud computing, and internet of things (IoTs). The conceptual model developed suggested that deploying digital innovation capabilities promotes organizations to benefit in the area the of managerial decision making, enhancing information technology infrastructure alignments, operational activities, and overall firm performance. This article further extends the discussions toward the need to integrate digital innovation capabilities such as IoTs, big data analytics, and cloud computing and the range of relationships existing among these innovations to support value creation for firms towards technology deployment in IS literature.
The author considers time as a universal category of human cognition. Cultural identity is closely linked with the conceptual view of the world. On the example of phraseology in the Russian and ...Spanish are considered cultural and national peculiarities of perception of time.
The aim of this work is to investigate the integration of data, knowledge, and processes. In particular, we study the combination of research in Ontology-Based Data Access (OBDA) with Data- Centric ...Dynamic Systems (DCDSs). The idea of OBDA is to combine data and knowledge by providing a conceptual view over data repositories in terms of an ontology, while DCDSs provide a holistic framework for modeling business processes in which both data and processes are treated as first-class citizens. Thanks to this combination, we obtain Semantically-Governed Data-Aware Processes (SGDAPs), which represent a significant step towards the envisioned unifying framework. We position SGDAPs in the state of the art and briefly discuss the current status of our research. We then identify several research directions along which we intend to continue our work.
In the paper we offer a logical explication of the frequently used, but rather vague, notion of point of view. We show that the concept of point of view prevents certain paradoxes from arising. A ...point of view is a means of partial characterisation of something. Thus nothing is a P and at the same time a non-P (simpliciter), because it is a P only relative to some point of view and a non-P from another point of view. But there is a major, complicating factor involved in applying a logical method that is supposed to provide a formal and rigorous counterpart of the intuitively understood notion: ‘point of view’ is a homonymous expression, and so there is not just one meaning that would explain points of view. Yet we propose a common scheme of the logical type of the entities denoted by the term ‘point of view’. It is an empirical function: when applied to the viewed object in question, it results in a (set of) evaluating proposition(s) about the object. If there is an agent applying the criterion, the result is the agent’s attitude to the respective object. The paper is organised into two parts. In Part I we first adduce and analyse various examples of typical cases of applying a point of view to prevent paradox. These cases are examined according to the type of the viewed object: a) the viewed object is an individual and b) the viewed object is a property or an office. In Part II we then show that the method described in Part I can be applied also to the analyses of agents’ attitudes. We explain how an agent can believe of something that it is a P and at the same time a non-P: the agent applies different viewpoint criteria to the viewed object. The inversion of perspective consisting in the perspective shifting from the believer on to the reporter in the case of attitudes de re, and from the reporter to the believer in the case of attitudes de dicto, is also analyzed. We show that there is no smooth logical traffic back and forth between such attitudes unless some additional assumptions are added, and prove that they are not equivalent. By way of conclusion, we explicate the notion of conceptual point of view and analyze cases of viewpoints given by conceptual distinction. We show, finally, that the proposed scheme of the type of point of view can be preserved, this time, however, in its extensional version.
XML Views: Part 1 Rajugan, Rajagopal; Chang, Elizabeth; Dillon, Tharam S ...
Database and Expert Systems Applications,
2003
Book Chapter, Conference Proceeding
Peer reviewed
The exponential growth and the nature of Internet and web-based applications made eXtensible Markup Language (XML) as the de-facto standard for data exchange and data dissemination. Now it is gaining ...momentum in replacing conventional data models for data representation. XML with its self-describing hierarchical structure and its associated XML Schema (XSD), provide the flexibility and manipulative power needed to accommodate distributive, heterogeneous data. But due to XML’s non-scalar, set-based semi-structured nature and ambiguity, traditional data design models lack the capability to conceptually model, design and successfully implement a data model. Due to this, organising and extracting information of XML documents with their conceptual and operational semantics intact is still a challenging task. In this paper, we propose a generic, language independent conceptual view mechanism for XML documents (XML View) to enhance conceptual modelling and designing capabilities of XML based information systems. We focus view definition at the conceptual level and the semantics required in accommodating such view mechanism at this higher level of abstraction.
Due to the increasing dependence on semi-structured data, there exists a requirement to model, design, and manipulate self-describing, schema-based, semi-structured data models (e.g. XML) and the ...associated semantics at a higher level of abstraction than at the instance level. In this paper, we propose to model dynamic properties of a layered XML view model, at the conceptual level, using eXtensible Semantic (XSemantic) nets.
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Since the early software models, abstraction and conceptual semantics have proven their importance in software engineering methodologies. For example, Object-Oriented conceptual modeling offers the ...power in describing and modeling real-world data semantics and their inter-relationships in a form that is precise and comprehensible to users. Conversely, XML is becoming the dominant standard for storing, describing and interchanging data among various Enterprises Information Systems and databases. With the increased reliance on such self-describing, schema-based, semi-structured data language/(s), there exists a requirement to model, design, and manipulate XML data and associated semantics at a higher level of abstraction than at the instance level. But, existing Object-Oriented conceptual modeling languages provide insufficient modeling constructs for utilizing XML schema like data descriptions and constraints, and most semi-structured schema languages lack the ability to provide higher levels of abstraction (such as conceptual models) that are easily understood by humans. To this end, it is interesting to investigate conceptual and schema formalisms as a means of providing higher level semantics in the context of XML-related data engineering. In this paper, we use XML view as a case in point and present a three-layered view model with illustrated examples taken from a real-world application domain. We focus on conceptual and schema view definitions, view constraints, and the conceptual query operators.
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The emergence of Semantic Web (SW) and the related technologies promise to make the web a meaningful experience. Yet, high level modeling, design and querying techniques proves to be a challenging ...task for organizations that are hoping utilize the SW paradigm for their industrial applications, which are still using traditional database techniques. To address such an issue, in this paper, we propose a view model for the SW (SW-View), to SW-enable traditional solutions. First we outline the view model, its properties and some modeling issues, followed by some discussions on modeling such views (at the conceptual level). We also provide a brief discussion on how this view model is utilized in the design and construction of materialized ontology views to support extraction of sub-ontologies.
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In this work, we propose a novel approach for the discovery of frequent patterns in a social network on the basis of both vertex attributes and link frequency. With an analogy to the traditional task ...of mining frequent item sets, we show that the issue addressed can be formulated in terms of a conceptual analysis that elicits conceptual links. A social-based conceptual link is a synthetic representation of a set of links between groups of vertexes that share similar internal properties. We propose a first algorithm that optimizes the search into the concept lattice of conceptual links and extracts maximal frequent conceptual links. We study the performances of our solution and give experimental results obtained on a sample example. Finally we show that the set of conceptual links extracted provides a conceptual view of the social network.
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