New democracies around the world have adopted constitutional courts to oversee the operation of democratic politics. Where does judicial power come from, how does it develop in the early stages of ...democratic liberalization, and what political conditions support its expansion? This book answers these questions through an examination of three constitutional courts in Asia: Taiwan, Korea, and Mongolia. In a region that has traditionally viewed law as a tool of authoritarian rulers, constitutional courts in these three societies are becoming a real constraint on government. In contrast with conventional culturalist accounts, this book argues that the design and functioning of constitutional review are largely a function of politics and interests. Judicial review - the power of judges to rule an act of a legislature or national leader unconstitutional - is a solution to the problem of uncertainty in constitutional design. By providing 'insurance' to prospective electoral losers, judicial review can facilitate democracy.
Der bei İpsen aufgegriffene Gedanken der Verträge als „Wandel-Verfassung" (141) ist gut umgesetzt worden und überzeugt darin. Allein schon seine Ausführungen zur „Ewigkeitsklausel" in Art. 79 III GG ...verdeutlichen sehr gut, wie aus einer wohlmeinenden Regelung, die als Reaktion auf nationalsozialistische Diktatur entstanden ist und verheerende Ereignisse wie den Sturz der Weimarer Republik für die Zukunft verhindern sollte, in der hochspezialisierten Juristenrealität ein, wie der Autor schreibt, „Schrankenmonster" (202) entstanden ist, das sogar in vereinzelten politischen Überlegungen in eine habe zur von Demokratie umfunktioniert werden sollte, wie van Ooyen eindrucksvoll ausführt. Die Dissertation von Kanzler ist gut gelungen. The PSPP judgment by the German Constitutional Court and the conflict between the German and the European popular spirit, in: 23 Cambridge Yearbook of European Legal Studies (2022) 159192 2) Siehe dazu P. Hilpold, Next Generation EU und die Einnahmensouvernitt: Das EU-Eigenmittelsystem vor dem BVerfG, in: 34 EuZW 4/2023, 169175.
For nearly three decades, scholars and policymakers have placed considerable stock in judicial reform as a panacea for the political and economic turmoil plaguing developing countries. Courts are ...charged with spurring economic development, safeguarding human rights, and even facilitating transitions to democracy. How realistic are these expectations, and in what political contexts can judicial reforms deliver their expected benefits? This 2007 book addresses these issues through an examination of the politics of the Egyptian Supreme Constitutional Court, the most important experiment in constitutionalism in the Arab world. The Egyptian regime established a surprisingly independent constitutional court to address a series of economic and administrative pathologies that lie at the heart of authoritarian political systems. Although the Court helped the regime to institutionalize state functions and attract investment, it simultaneously opened new avenues through which rights advocates and opposition parties could challenge the regime. The book challenges conventional wisdom and provides insights into perennial questions concerning the barriers to institutional development, economic growth, and democracy in the developing world.
This is a study of the actual role that the Russian Constitutional Court played in protecting fundamental rights and resolving legislative-executive struggles and federalism disputes in both ...Yeltsin's and Putin's Russia. Trochev argues that judicial empowerment is a non-linear process with unintended consequences and that courts that depend on their reputation flourish only if an effective and capable state is there to support them. This is because judges can rely only on the authoritativeness of their judgments, unlike politicians and bureaucrats, who have the material resources necessary to respond to judicial decisions. Drawing upon systematic analysis of all decisions of the Russian Court (published and unpublished) and previously unavailable materials on their (non-)implementation, and resting on a combination of the approaches from comparative politics, law, and public administration, this book shows how and why judges attempted to reform Russia's governance and fought to ensure compliance with their judgments.
This book offers a new theoretical framework for understanding the mediator role played by constitutional courts in democratic conflict solving. The book proposes an informational theory of ...constitutional review in which constitutional courts obtain, process, and transmit information to parties in a way that reduces the uncertainty causing their conflict. The substantive focus of the book is the role of constitutional courts in democracies where the armed forces are fighting internal armed conflicts of different types: Colombia, Peru, and Mexico in Latin America and also Israel, Turkey, and Pakistan. Through detailed analyses of the political context, civil-military relations, and the constitutional jurisprudence on military autonomy and the regulation of the use of force the book shows that constitutional courts can be instrumental in striking a democratically accepted balance between the exercise of civilian authority and the legitimate needs of the military in its pursuit of order and national security.
Controlul a posteriori a legalității supravegherii tehnice implică o verificare a tuturor cerințelor de legalitate și proporționalitate ale ingerinței în dreptul la viața privată ulterior ...încuviințării acesteia de judecătorul de drepturi și libertăți ori al punerii în executare.
În acest cadru am prezentat modul în care Curtea Constituțională a apreciat că ar trebui să se asigure verificarea ex post a supravegherii tehnice, precum și noua reglementare procedurală cu evidențierea titularilor plângerii, a organelor judiciare competente să o soluționeze și a obiectului analizei judecătorului de cameră preliminară.
Deopotrivă, au fost evidențiate multiplele ipoteze de interpretare ale dispozițiilor generale ale procedurii apte în scopul evitării dificultăților viitoare de interpretare și aplicare a normei.
Brett J. Kyle y Andrew G. Reiter presentan una serie de comentarios inteligentes e incisivos respecto a mi libro, en el que se explica el papel que pueden tener los tribunales constitucionales para ...ayudar a encontrar una salida al dilema constitucional de construir fuerzas armadas eficaces que a su vez estén limitadas por la ley; en otras palabras, el dilema de conseguir que las personas que tienen las armas obedezcan a quienes no las tienen, y la tensión inherente que esto produce entre gobiernos democráticos y fuerzas armadas.
This paper addresses the relationship between populism and constitutional courts, with reference to the Latin American context. By means of a genealogical reconstruction of the ideas of populism and ...institucionalidad, we study how the debate on judicial activism has been taken up by populist politics. We introduce a theoretical model that sees in contemporary forms of populism a strategy to reparadoxify the legal system, denying courts the ability to protect the organisational autonomy of the judiciary. This is of interest because, in the last 30 years, the courts have represented a new field for the creation of democratic legitimacy, allowing minority groups to defend their political agendas through fundamental rights litigation.
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For a long time, we felt in Germany as though we were in a world of bliss. While the independence of the judiciary was being attacked in Poland, the USA and most recently in Israel, we were blessed ...with a strong constitutional court. Over the decades, it has proven to be independent and impartial; it has earned immense trust and respect among the public. However, the independence of the Federal Constitutional Court is built on sand. Now, a public debate has flared up as to whether and how the independence of the Constitutional Court should be protected. A look into other legal systems can contribute to this debate.
