Статья представляет собой первичную публикацию клада, обнаруженного у поселка Одоевские горы Спасского района Рязанской области и переданного в 2013 г. в Исторический музей. Клад включает в себя ...украшения одежды, прежде всего головного убора, и элементы конской упряжи – всего 231 предмет. Аналогии предметам в целом позволяют соотнести их с древностями ананьинской культурно-исторической области и датировать временем не позднее середины VII в. до н.э. Полевыми исследованиями в 2014 году выявить контекст клада не удалось, но определена возможная связь с поселением конца бронзового – начала раннего железного века Тырново 14, которое существовало примерно до VII-VI вв. до н.э. В ходе полевых исследований также выявлен археологический и антропологический материал, который свидетельствует о существовании здесь же могильника X–XI вв. с захоронениями по обряду кремации и, возможно, селища, существовавшего непродолжительное время в поздний период Средневековья.
The paper is the initial publication of a hoard found near Odoevskie Gory village in the Spassky District of the Ryazan region and transferred to the State Historical Museum in 2013. The hoard ...includes adornments for clothing, primarily headdresses, and elements of horse equipment with a total of 231 items. General comparisons with artifacts allow the authors to correlate them with the antiquities of the Ananyino cultural and historical area and date not later than the middle of the 7th century BC. The context of the hoard was not established during the field studies of 2014, but a possible connection with the Tyrnovo 14 settlement of the late Bronze – Early Iron Age was determined, which existed approximately until the 7th-6th centuries BC. In the course of field studies, archaeological and anthropological material has also been identified, which indicates the presence of a burial ground of the 10th–11th centuries at the site, which featured cremation burials and, possibly, a settlement which operated for a short period of time in the late Middle Ages.
The cemetery at Ljubljana – Dvorišče SAZU is of fundamental importance for the research into the Late Bronze Age in the territory of the southeastern Alps and beyond. The recently conducted revision ...of the entire cemetery revealed that the oldest cremations should be placed already at the very beginning of the Late Bronze Age period. Such observations have, furthermore, been confirmed by the new AMS dating results. The analysis of ceramic finds from Ljubljana cemetery showed that the best analogies for them can be found in the territory of the northern Carpathian Basin. Due to analogies in ceramic finds, cremated bones from cemeteries of the so-called Piliny Culture in Slovakia (Radzovce, Šafárikovo) were also sent for AMS analysis. Further typo-chronological analysis of the bronze grave goods revealed that connections with communities from the northern Carpathian Basin were decisive not only for the formative phase of the cemetery in Ljubljana at the very beginning of the Late Bronze Age but also later on during the Early Urnfield period. In conclusion, all cremation graves in Slovenia from the Initial and Early Urnfield period are considered. Although their number is exceptionally small, it seems possible to distinguish two separate phases. The oldest phase can be correlated with the Br D/Ha A1 period (Ljubljana Ia 1 phase) and is dated from the 13th century to the first half of the 12th century BC. The second phase, covering the major part of the Ha A period (Ljubljana Ia 2 phase), ends around the middle of the 11th century BC.
Das Gräberfeld von Ljubljana – Dvorišče SAZU ist für die Erforschung der Spätbronzezeit im Gebiet der südöstlichen Alpen und darüber hinaus von großer Bedeutung. Eine Neubewertung des gesamten Gräberfeldes ergab, dass die ältesten Brandbestattungen bereits an den Beginn der Spätbronzezeit zu stellen sind. Diese Beobachtungen wurden auch durch die Ergebnisse neuer AMS-Datierungen bestätigt. Die Analyse der Keramikfunde aus dem Gräberfeld von Ljubljana zeigte, dass die besten Analogien auf dem Gebiet des nördlichen Karpatenbeckens zu finden sind. Aufgrund dieser Parallelen im Keramikspektrum wurden auch AMS-Analysen von Leichenbrand aus Gräberfeldern der sog. Piliny-Kultur in der Slowakei (Radzovce, Šafárikovo) durchgeführt. Weitere typo-chronologische Untersuchungen der Bronzebeigaben legen nahe, dass Verbindungen zu Gemeinschaften aus dem nördlichen Karpatenbecken nicht nur in der Entstehungsphase des Gräberfeldes in Ljubljana am Beginn der Spätbronzezeit, sondern auch noch in der frühen Urnenfelderzeit bedeutsam waren. Zum Abschluss werden alle Brandgräber der frühen Urnenfelderzeit in Slowenien betrachtet. Trotz ihrer geringen Anzahl ist es möglich, zwei getrennte Phasen zu unterscheiden: Die ältere Phase kann mit der Br D/Ha A1-Periode (Ljubljana Ia 1-Phase) korreliert werden und wird vom 13. bis zur ersten Hälfte des 12. Jahrhunderts v. Chr. datiert. Die zweite Phase, die den größten Teil der Ha A-Periode (Ljubljana Ia 2-Phase) umfasst, endet etwa in der Mitte des 11. Jahrhunderts v. Chr.
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Constantine VII Porphyrogenitus’ treatise De Administrando Imperio contains unique information on the country of Papagiya located in the Northwest Caucasus between Zikhiya and Kasakhiya. The present ...paper deals with the issues of Papagiya localization in the Trans-Kuban region and the ethnocultural features of the Papags on the basis of the complex analysis of archaeological and written sources. We make a conclusion that the territory of Papagiya corresponds to the area of cremation burials of the end of the 7th – 9th cc. Besides, we assume the multi-ethnic character of the country’s population, which includes the representatives of сremation rites, the prabolgar tribes and local settled tribes of the foothills. The general reconstruction of history of Papagiya is proposed. At the time of the Khazar Khaganate, Papagiya played the leading role on a left bank of Kuban, but in the first half of the 10th century under the pressure of nomads and in the conditions of a general crisis of Khazaria, Papagiya lost its status. The name of this country was no longer mentioned in written sources, and its population accepted the name of the Kasogs.
The present paper deals with some Middle Bronze Age burials in the valley of the Black River, in south‐eastern Transylvania, Covasna County. The material published (analyzed) came from the ...excavations made in the early 1910’s and between the 1960–1990. Some of these burials have been published already, but we considered a reevaluation as being necessary. The burial at Poian – Panta de piatră was only mentioned in a half sentence, providing no information about grave goods, context, etc. The findings at Sânzieni – Piatra de tocilă were connected to the Tumulus Culture, unknown in the studied area. We consider they belong to a Wietenberg burial, since Wietenberg pottery was discovered in the settlement layer. Another discovery connected to the Middle Bronze Age was also made at Sânzieni, in the place called Locul domnesc. One funeral urn was discovered at Turia – Groapa caprei. We have been able to identify another urn, which probably belonged to a second burial. The burials can be dated to the Wietenberg II phase since the complex decorating motifs, characterizing the IIIrd phase are totally missing. The urns were buried in the vicinity of the settlements or inside them. An exception are the burials at Turia (including the necropolis), where the closest settlement is at 900 m.
Irton Moor was excavated by Derek Simpson in 1973 but remained unpublished at the time of his death in 2006. Material from the excavation including a skeletal report and some publication drawings ...were located in DDAS's archives and brought back to Bradford for archiving. Sufficient work had been done by DDAS to bring the report to publication though clearly the archive had suffered over the years. Irton Moor represents a small structured round cairn of the Early Bronze Age producing evidence for long-term occupation of the site from the Early Neolithic though this occupation does not appear to have been continuous. The cairn was used for Food Vessel and Collared Urn-associated cremations.
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The site of Dolina in the Croatian region of Posavina has been investigated since 2009 under the leadership of the Institute of Archaeology in Zagreb. In previous excavations five tumuli with one or ...two cremation deposits of different types (urned, scattered cremation remains, or with an organic container) could be detected. On the basis of characteristic grave goods (bronze pins and fibulae, helmet parts), the burials are dated to the 9th-8th century BC or in the stage Ha B3-Ha C1. Typical of Dolina, but also of other sites in Croatia and Bosnia along the middle course of the Sava River (e.g. Donja Dolina), is the ensemble of finds (jewellery, weapons and ceramics) of different regional origin, which underlines the specific position of this region at the interface between the Carpathian Basin to the north, the Alps to the west, the Balkans to the south and the lower Danube to the east. Vessels with incised zigzag motifs from Tumuli 6 and 8 reveal communication with the neighbouring area of northern Bosnia. Similar ornamentation appears there in contemporaneous settlement layers (at Vis and Zecovi) and in the corresponding cremation burials in flat graves (Petkovo Brdo and Mekota). However, the establishment of tumuli at Dolina, and various burial rites with different grave goods, emphasise a strong local component and a distinct individualisation of the graves, i.e. as buried members of a particular but heterogeneous community. Der Fundplatz Dolina in der kroatischen Region Posavina wird seit 2009 unter Leitung des Instituts für Archäologie in Zagreb erforscht. In den bisherigen Ausgrabungen konnten fünf Tumuli mit ein bis zwei Brandbestattungen unterschiedlicher Art (Urne, Brandschüttung, organische Behälter) entdeckt werden. Anhand charakteristischer Beigaben (Bronzenadeln und Fibeln, Helmteile) lassen sich die bislang verzeichneten Gräber in die Zeit zwischen dem 9. und 8. Jh. v. Chr. bzw. in die Stufe Ha B3-Ha C1 datieren. Bezeichnend für Dolina, aber auch für die anderen kroatischen und bosnischen Fundstellen an der mittleren Save (z. B. Donja Dolina), ist ein Zusammenkommen vieler Formen (Schmuck, Waffen, Keramik) unterschiedlicher regionaler Herkunft, welche die besondere Position dieser Landschaft an der Schnittstelle zwischen dem Karpatenbecken im Norden, der Alpenregion im Westen, dem Balkan im Süden und der unteren Donau im Osten betonen. Auf die Kommunikation mit dem benachbarten Raum Nordbosniens weisen vor allem die mit eingeritzten Zickzack Motiven verzierten Gefäße aus den Tumuli 8 und 6 hin. Dort sind vergleichbare Ornamente aus den zeitgleichen Siedlungsschichten (Vis, Zecovi) und entsprechenden Brandbestattungen in Flachgräbern (Petkovo Brdo, Mekota) bekannt. Die Errichtung der Tumuli in Dolina und mannigfaltige Bestattungsriten mit unterschiedlichen Beigaben unterstreichen jedoch eine starke lokale Komponente und eine ausgeprägte Individualisierung der Gräber bzw. der Bestatteten.
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On the basis of the characteristics of Neolithic and Early Eneolithic mortuary practices in the area of North Carpathian Basin it can be argued that the existence of graveyards is an isolated ...phenomenon. Various rituals were involved in disposing of the dead. In this article, we focus on (un)usual burials which are singled out into two major categories: cremation and inhumation. Special emphasis is given to cremation as a mortuary practice: arguments for cremation; interpretation possibilities; examples of the use of fire and noticed phenomenon.
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