The authors investigated associations between rates of contact with individuals in distress during field visits by mobile crisis teams and client and referral source characteristics.
In this ...retrospective observational study of an urban mobile crisis program, call logs (N=2,581) were coded for whether an attempted field visit resulted in a client evaluation. Logistic regression analyses examined potential associations with client age, gender, race-ethnicity, primary language, living situation, insurance, and referral source.
Contact was made with 77% of adults and 97% of children referred to mobile crisis teams. Field visit contact rates differed by age. Unsuccessful visits were more likely when the referral source was from institutional settings than from individuals.
Approximately one-quarter of attempted field visits with adults by an urban mobile crisis team were not completed, particularly among referrals from institutional settings. As mobile crisis services proliferate, field visit contact rate could be a key performance metric for these critical services.
Stressful situations during intraoperative emergencies have negative impact on human cognitive functions. Consequently, task performance may decrease and patient safety may be compromised. Cognitive ...aids can counteract these effects and support anesthesiologists in their crisis management. The Professional Association of German Anesthesiologists set up a project to develop a comprehensive set of digital cognitive aids for intraoperative emergencies. A parallel development for several software platforms and stationary and mobile devices will accommodate the inhomogeneity of the information technology infrastructure within German anesthesia departments.
This paper aimed to provide a detailed overview of how the task of developing a digital cognitive aid for intraoperative crisis management in anesthesia was addressed that meets user requirements and is highly user-friendly.
A user-centered design (UCD) process was conducted to identify, specify, and supplement the requirements for a digital cognitive aid. The study covered 4 aspects: analysis of the context of use, specification of user requirements, development of design solutions, and evaluation of design solutions. Three prototypes were developed and evaluated by end users of the application. Following each evaluation, the new requirements were prioritized and used for redesign. For the first and third prototype, the System Usability Scale (SUS) score was determined. The second prototype was evaluated with an extensive Web-based questionnaire. The evaluation of the third prototype included a think-aloud protocol.
The chosen methods enabled a comprehensive collection of requirements and helped to improve the design of the application. The first prototype achieved an average SUS score of 74 (SD 12), indicating good usability. The second prototype included the following main revisions: 2-column layout, initial selection of patient type (infant, adult, or parturient), 4 offered search options, and the option to check off completed action steps. Its evaluation identified the following major revision points: add quick selection for resuscitation checklists, design the top bar and tabs slightly larger, and add more pictograms to the text. The third prototype achieved an average SUS score of 77 (SD 15). The evaluation of the think-aloud protocol revealed a good intuitiveness of the application and identified a missing home button as the main issue.
Anesthesiology-as an acute medical field-is particularly characterized by its high demands on decision making and action in dynamic, or time-critical situations. The integration of usability aspects is essential for everyday and emergency suitability. The UCD process allowed us to develop a prototypical digital cognitive aid, exhibiting high usability and user satisfaction in the demanding environment of anesthesiological emergencies. Both aspects are essential to increase the acceptance of the application in later stages. The study approach, combining different methods for determining user requirements, may be useful for other implementation projects in a highly demanding environment.
Abstract
Background
While suicide rates in high- and middle-income countries appeared stable in the early stages of the pandemic, we know little about within-country variations. We sought to ...investigate the impact of COVID-19 on suicide in Mexico’s 32 states and to identify factors that may have contributed to observed variations between states.
Methods
Interrupted time-series analysis to model the trend in monthly suicides before COVID-19 (from Jan 1, 2010, to March 31, 2020), comparing the expected number of suicides derived from the model with the observed number for the remainder of the year (April 1 to December 31, 2020) for each of Mexico’s 32 states. Next, we modeled state-level trends using linear regression to study likely contributing factors at ecological level.
Results
Suicide increased slightly across Mexico during the first nine months of the pandemic (RR 1.03; 95%CI 1.01–1.05). Suicides remained stable in 19 states, increase in seven states (RR range: 1.12–2.04) and a decrease in six states (RR range: 0.46–0.88). Suicide RR at the state level was positively associated with population density in 2020 and state level suicide death rate in 2019.
Conclusions
The COVID-19 pandemic had a differential effect on suicide death within the 32 states of Mexico. Higher population density and higher suicide rates in 2019 were associated with increased suicide. As the country struggles to cope with the ongoing pandemic, efforts to improve access to primary care and mental health care services (including suicide crisis intervention services) in these settings should be given priority.
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Disclosure is a difficult but important process for victims of child maltreatment. There is limited research on child maltreatment disclosure. Young people have been reluctant to disclose ...victimization to adults, but short message service (SMS) crisis services may represent one novel method of engaging young people around sensitive topics.
The purpose of this study was to determine characteristics of child maltreatment disclosure to an SMS-based crisis service.
We conducted a content analysis of all conversations (N=244) that resulted in a mandatory report by an SMS-based crisis service between October 2015 and July 2017. We coded characteristics of the disclosure process, including the reason for initial contact, phrase used to disclose abuse, perpetrator, type of abuse, and length of victimization. After identifying terms used by young people to disclose child abuse, we randomly selected and analyzed 50 conversations using those terms to determine if use of the terms differed between conversations that did and did not result in mandatory report.
Parents were the most common perpetrator. Physical abuse was the most common form of abuse discussed in the initial abuse disclosure (106/244, 43.4%), followed by psychological abuse (83/244, 34.0%), sexual abuse (38/244, 15.6%), and neglect (15/244, 6.1%). More than half of the texters discussed abuse or other significant family issues in the first message. An explicit description of the experience or definite language, such as abuse, rape, and molested, was common in disclosures.
Early disclosure, combined with explicit language, may suggest at least a portion of young victims are actively seeking safe ways to talk about their experiences with abuse, rather than incidentally sharing experiences while seeking support for other issues. SMS text messaging may be a valuable way to engage with young people around sensitive topics, but these approaches will require careful consideration in their development, implementation, and evaluation to ensure a positive experience for young people.
•Teaching in nursing education faced significant challenges during the Covid-19 pandemic.•Simulation-based teaching, with its hybrid and digital features, helped improve adaptation during this ...period.•Key factors for educators with simulation in crisis situations are: realistic interventions, high interactivity, adherence to best practices, and awareness of the digital divide.
During the COVID-19 pandemic, emergency pedagogical strategies, particularly distance learning, were crucial for ensuring continuous education. This study explores various simulation-based pedagogical interventions implemented for undergraduate nursing students during the pandemic.
This scoping review was conducted using the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) method. The research procedure was assessed using the PRISMA-ScR checklist.
Ten databases were consulted, resulting in the inclusion of 37 relevant studies. A categorization of interventions followed by a thematic content analysis enabled the extraction of authors' conclusions regarding the implementation of their interventions.
The research team identified five categories of simulation-based teaching: virtual simulation (n=16), telesimulation (n=12), simulation-based learning on campus (n=5), mixed online simulation (n=2), and guided home simulation (n=2). The adaptation of simulation-based education modes has helped foster student engagement, interaction, clinical practice, and self-confidence. The realism of the interventions, their high degree of interactivity, their adherence to best practice recommendations, and the teachers' awareness of the risk of a "digital divide" all contribute to these findings.
Teaching under constraints during the pandemic has fostered educators’ creativity and adaptability. These skills should be promoted to maintain pedagogical continuity with resilient pedagogical interventions.
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The most common crisis intervention used with German rescue workers is Critical Incident Stress Management (CISM). Results regarding its effectiveness are inconsistent. A negative reinforcement of ...avoidance, due to premature termination of strong emotions during the Critical Incident Stress Debriefing (CISD), may explain this. The effectiveness of the CISD after terror attacks in Germany has not yet been investigated.
All emergency responders deployed at the terror attack on Breitscheidplatz in Berlin were invited to take part in the study; 37 of the N = 55 participants had voluntarily participated in CISD; 18 had not.
Participants with CISD showed lower quality of life in psychological health and higher depressive symptomatology. Of these, females had lower quality of life in social relationships, whereas males showed more posttraumatic stress symptoms. Emergency responders from non-governmental organizations had higher phobic anxiety. Emergency medical technicians showed more somatic and depressive symptoms.
There is no conclusive explanation for why rescue workers with CISD score worse on certain measures. It is possible that CISD has a harmful influence due to negative reinforcement, or that there was a selection effect. Further research differentiating occupational group, sex, and type of event is necessary.
ABSTRACT
Metaphors of flooding and “flows” are often applied in the public sphere to the phenomena of displacement and migration, but there are also “waves” and “tides” of humanitarian actors, ...“voluntourists,” and researchers now focused on refugees. Humanitarian, security, and anthropological interventions in the European “refugee crisis” of 2015–16 often operate according to a shared logic of urgency and crisis. Key problems and pitfalls in current anthropological trends in the study of displacement on Europe's doorstep are linked to the business dimensions of anthropological work. The business of anthropology reinforces the European refugee regime, which makes border crossers into targets of policing, intervention, and study. crisis, refugees, displacement, anthropology, Greece, Europe
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Μεταφορές πλημμύρας και «ροών» συχνά εφαρμόζονται στα φαινόμενα εκτοπισμού και μετανάστευσης στη δημόσια σφαίρα, αλλά υπάρχουν επίσης «κύματα» και «παλίρροιες» ανθρωπιστικών φορέων, «εθελοτουρισμού» και ερευνητών, οι οποίοι τώρα επικεντρώνονται στους πρόσφυγες. Ανθρωπιστικές παρεμβάσεις, παρεμβάσεις ασφάλειας και ανθρωπολογικές παρεμβάσεις στην Ευρωπαϊκή «προσφυγική κρίση» του 2015–16 συχνά λειτουργούν σύμφωνα με μια κοινή λογική επείγοντος και κρίσης. Κεντρικά προβλήματα και παγίδες των σύγχρονων ανθρωπολογικών τάσεων στη μελέτη του εκτοπισμού στο κατώφλι της Ευρώπης, συνδέονται με τις επιχειρηματικές διαστάσεις της ανθρωπολογικής εργασίας. Η ανθρωπολογία ως επιχειρηματική δράση ενισχύει το Ευρωπαϊκό προσφυγικό καθεστώς, το οποίο μετατρέπει αυτούς που διασχίζουν σύνορα σε στόχους αστυνόμευσης, παρέμβασης και μελέτης. κρίση, πρόσφυγες, εκτοπισμός, ανθρωπολογία, Ελλάδα, Ευρώπη
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This book discusses steps helping professionals should take in order to prepare for a crisis in their schools and community. The author introduces a Crisis Management Plan, which discusses ways to ...restore a school/community to its pre-crisis equilibrium. The author also includes information on how schools should talk to media personnel and parents in times of a crisis, checklists, assessment instruments, and sample documentation forms that can be used in times of a crisis.
This proof of concept study assessed the feasibility of a novel approach to teaching parents naturalistic language facilitation strategies in a single session. We investigated whether parents could ...learn to use the See and Say Sequence, which integrated responsive and language modeling strategies and measured the impacts that this intervention had on features of their input.
Fourteen parent-child dyads participated in the study. Children ranged from 15 to 23 months of age and produced between three and 135 words. Five parents had concerns about their children's rate of language development. Parents were taught the See and Say Sequence during a brief single session (
= 18.98 min,
= 2.65 min) using the Teach-Model-Coach-Review instructional process. We analyzed parents' use of the three See and Say Sequence components, total number of utterances, and mean turn length, as well as responsive and linguistic features of parent input before and after the brief intervention.
Following intervention, parents significantly increased their use of the three See and Say Sequence components and decreased their total number of utterances and mean turn length. In addition, the use of the See and Say Sequence components substantially altered the overall composition of parent input.
The results of this preliminary study demonstrate the feasibility of the See and Say Sequence in teaching responsive and language modeling strategies in a single session. We discuss the potential use and future evaluation of the See and Say Sequence as an option for early intervention service delivery.
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