Martial Gueroult introduit ainsi le cours qu’il donna au Collège de France en 1957-1958 : « La richesse du sujet choisi : Kant, Critique de la raison pure, nous a conduits à le limiter à l’Esthétique ...transcendantale et à l’Analytique transcendantale et à lui consacrer nos deux conférences hebdomadaires. Notre propos a été double : donner du texte un exposé aussi clair et précis que possible, élucider non tous les problèmes – ils sont innombrables – mais les plus importants d’entre eux, relatifs à la signification et à l’économie structurale du système. » D’emblée, le cours s’adresse à deux lecteurs : l’étudiant y lit une présentation remarquable des concepts et arguments fondamentaux de la Critique ; le chercheur y trouve une discussion technique de quelques points centraux, dans laquelle Gueroult se confronte à des commentaires magistraux, surtout allemands, et parfois oubliés de nos jours. Cet ouvrage est l’édition de la version finale de ce cours, retravaillé pendant plus de trente ans et resté inédit jusqu’à aujourd’hui. Sa valeur tant philosophique que pédagogique en fait un livre incontournable pour éclairer une lecture de la Critique de la raison pure.
Breaks new critical ground by exploring philosophical and aesthetic issues germane to the writings of three major modern literary figures. In the 1920s and ‘30s, understandings of time, place, ...and civilization were subjected to a barrage of new conceptions. Ronald Berman probes the work of three writers who wrestled with one or more of these issues in ways of lasting significance. Hemingway, Fitzgerald, and Orwell all grappled with fluid notions of time: Hemingway’s absolute present, Fitzgerald’s obsession with what might be and what might have been, and Orwell’s concerns with progress. For these authors, progress is also tied to competing senses of place--for Fitzgerald, the North versus the South; for Hemingway, America versus Europe. At stake for each is an understanding of what constitutes true civilization in a post-war world. Berman discusses Hemingway’s deployment of language in tackling the problems of thinking and knowing. Berman follows this notion further in examining the indisputable impact upon Hemingway’s prose of Paul Cézanne’s painting and the nature of perception. Finally, Berman considers the influence on Orwell of Aristotle and Freud’s ideas of civilization, translated by Orwell into the fabric of 1984 and other writings. Ronald Berman is Professor of English at the University of California at San Diego and past chairman of the National Endowment for the Humanities. He is author of six books, including “The Great Gatsby” and Fitzgerald’s World of Ideas and Fitzgerald-Wilson-Hemingway: Language and Experience.
Recreating Jane Austen is a book for readers who know and love Austen's work. Stimulated by the recent crop of film and television versions of Austen's novels, John Wiltshire examines how they have ...been transposed and 'recreated' in another age and medium. Wiltshire illuminates the process of 'recreation' through the work of the psychoanalyst Donald Winnicott, and offers Jane Austen's own relation to Shakespeare as a suggestive parallel. Exploring the romantic impulse in Austenian biography, 'Jane Austen' as a commodity, and offering a re-interpretation of Pride and Prejudice, this book approaches the central question of the role Jane Austen plays in the contemporary cultural imagination.
"Superhero meaning making is a site of struggle. Superheroes (are thought to) trouble borders and normative ways of seeing and being in the world. Superhero narratives (are thought to) represent, and ...thereby inspire, alternative visions of the real world. The superhero genre is (thought to be) a repository for radical or progressive ideas. In the superhero world and beyond, much is made of the genre’s utopian and dystopian landscapes, queer identity-play, and transforming bodies, but might it not be the case that the genre’s overblown normative framing, or representation, serves to muzzle, rather than express, its protagonists’ radical promise? Why, when set against otherwise unbounded, and often extreme, transformation—human to machine, human to animal, human to god—are certain categories seemingly untouchable? Why does this speculative genre routinely fail to fully speculate about other worlds and ways of being in those worlds? For all their nonconformity, superhero stories do not live up to the idea of a radical genre, in look, feel, or tone. The mainstream American superhero genre, and its surrounding discourses, tells and facilitates an astonishingly seamless tale of opposing ideologies. But how? Recovering the Radical Promise of Superheroes: Un/Making Worlds serves a speculative response, detailing not so much a hunt for genre meaning as a trip through a genre’s meaningscape. Looking anew at superhero meaning-making practices allows a distinct way of thinking about and describing the creative, formal, and ideological conditions of the genre and its protagonists, one removed from corralling binaries, one foregrounding the idea of a synergy—often unseen, uneasy, and even hostile—between official and unofficial agents of superhero meaning and one reframing familiar questions: What kinds of meaning do superhero texts engender? How is this meaning made? By whom and under what conditions? What processes and practices inform, regulate, and extend superhero meaning? And finally, superhero narratives present a new question: How might we reimagine its agents, surfaces, and spaces? Centering the experiences and practices of excluded and marginalized superhero fans, Recovering the Radical Promise of Superheroes reveals that genre meaning is not lodged in one place or another, neither in its official creators or fans, nor in “black and white” conservatism or in a “rainbow” of progressive possibilities. Nor is it even located somewhere in the in-between; it is instead better conceived of as an antagonistic, in-process nexus of meaning undergirded by systems of power."
In times of relativism – marked by the critique of Western universalism on the one hand, and resurgent identitarian and neo-nationalistic claims to identity on the other, this volume tracks the ...development and relevance of cultural and social practices that posit forms of minor universality, asking: Where and how do contemporary practices open up concrete settings so as to create experiences, reflections and agencies of a shared humanity?
Critical velocity and its related total distance covered above critical velocity can be used to evaluate and monitor the training and competition performance in athletes. While it is well researched ...in sports such as cycling and running, the literature on critical velocity in swimming is less available. Therefore, the objectives of this review are: (i) to methodologically evaluate the protocols used to obtain critical velocity; and (ii) eventually, to provide a standard operating procedure to evaluate critical velocity in front crawl swimming.
The review followed “Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Extension for Scoping Reviews” guidelines. PubMed, Web of Science and Scopus were used to find original studies written in English. No exclusion criteria were adopted for the country of origin. The results were analysed through a narrative synthesis.
A total of 41 studies were included. Sixteen different protocols were adopted with different physiological thresholds as comparators with critical velocity.
Critical velocity evaluation presents different testing protocols, making this performance marker potentially inaccurate. As a consequence, we propose a standard operating procedure.
La vitesse critique et la distance totale parcourue au-dessus de vitesse critique peuvent être utilisées pour évaluer les performances en compétition et l’efficacité de l’entraînement chez les athlètes. Bien qu’elle soit bien documentée dans des sports comme le cyclisme et la course à pied, la littérature sur la vitesse critique en natation est plus rare. Par conséquent, les objectifs de cette revue sont : (i) d’évaluer méthodologiquement les protocoles utilisés pour obtenir la vitesse critique ; et (ii) de fournir un mode opératoire standard pour évaluer la vitesse critique en crawl.
La revue a suivi les directives énoncées dans « Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Extension for Scoping Reviews ». PubMed, Web of Science et Scopus sont les bases de données utilisées pour sélectionner les études rédigées en anglais qui seront intégrées dans l’analyse. Le pays d’origine n’a pas été un critère d’exclusion. Les résultats ont été analysés formalisés par un rapport écrit.
Au total, 41 études ont été incluses. Seize protocoles différents de détermination de la vitesse critique ont été identifiés, conduisant à différentes évaluations de la vitesse critique.
Différents protocoles permettent d’évaluer la vitesse critique, ce qui rend ce marqueur de performance potentiellement inexact. En conséquence, nous proposons un mode opératoire standardisé.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP
Are critique and the “art of governing” antithetical? The aim of this article is to examine this tension that was laid bare by the Covid-19 pandemic by introducing “critical friendship” as a ...conceptual framework for a constructive interdisciplinary engagement with science in a post-pandemic era. It does so by drawing on several works and insights: (i) Michel Foucault’s notion of “critical attitude” as well as his assessment of philosophy as providing a “diagnosis of the present;” (ii) Bruno Latour and colleagues’ idea of a “critical zone” or what I call a horizontal epistemology of critique; (iii) Aristotle’s notion of friendship as being necessary for the “common good;” and finally (iv) Jacques Derrida’s interpretation of the messianic character of friendship in the constitution of progressive democracies. Whereas critical theory has been described as either “explanatory-diagnostic” or “emancipatory-utopian,” a critical friendship approach aims to be both diagnostic and emancipatory in an age of uncertainty and democratic backsliding.
The More Moderate Side of Joseph de Maistre expertly contextualizes his work within the historical events and intellectual debates that emerged in the aftermath of the French Revolution. Camcastle ...sheds new light on Maistre's conception of government as being made up of groups in dynamic counterbalance and on the system of inconvertible paper money that he developed a century before a similar system was universally adopted in the twentieth century. Camcastle provides a more complete and balanced picture of Maistre's political writings through original interpretations of his published works and translations from French and Italian into English of previously unpublished writings that substantiate key points.
Christopher Bigsby explores the entirety of Arthur Miller's work, including plays, poetry, fiction and films, in this comprehensive and stimulating study. Drawing on interviews conducted over the ...last twenty years, on unique rehearsal material and research archives, he paints a compelling picture of how Miller's works were influenced by and created in the light of events of the twentieth and twenty-first centuries. This is an enjoyable insight into a great playwright that will interest both theatregoers and students of modern drama.
