Populism, defence politics, and local leader are interrelated in the study of power. In the framework of maintaining power, local leaders will use populist policies to gain political support from the ...community. Community support is essential in an electoral democracy. Therefore, the local leaders will respond to the needs of its citizens in the form of populist policy. The ability of local leaders to meet the needs of their citizens is an important part of the working of populist politics. In this populist politics, the beneficiaries are leaders and society. Nevertheless, the beneficiaries are more certainly the local leaders. Why? Is it because local leaders use populism policies as instrumentation in maintaining power? By relying on that question, the choice of populist policy is aimed at two things for the local leaders. First, to gain legitimacy from the community. For local leaders, legitimacy is needed in building political power (Ramlan Surbakti, 1992; 96). It’s because the strong legitimacy will make to the local leaders more confident. Second, to strengthen the personal capacity of the local leaders in front of the community and other political forces. By relying on these two goals, the local leaders will have power stronger. Strengthening and maintaining power are the main objective for the local leaders. Therefore, this paper will attempt to present the ability of the local leaders in maintaining his power through the politics of populism at the local level (Vedi R Hadiz, 2017; Willy Purna Samadhi, 2016).
We investigate external and domestic political influences on defence burden of the 28 EU member states, based on time-series cross-section data from 1993 to 2017. Our research is one of the most ...comprehensive studies on EU members' defence, as it includes many potential explanations. Our findings do not support freeriding by EU members, both NATO allies and non-NATO members, on US commitment in the defence and security field. Relatedly, NATO membership does not come up in the analysis as an instantaneous guarantee for an effective special relationship with the US. However, there is evidence of freeriding by EU members not belonging to the Alliance on EU-NATO member states. Domestic political factors are also important: right-wing parties in government are associated with heavier defence burden, while upcoming elections tend to reduce it. In general, we find that to provide an accurate explanation of military spending, one needs to take into account a multitude of different factors and, moreover, pay attention to conditional effects.
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Considerando que el sistema antimisiles proyectado por Bush era poco realista, Obama decidió desarrollar el EPAA (European Phased Adaptive Approach), un sistema más flexible y adaptable a la ...evolución de la amenaza y a los avances tecnológicos que se fueran consiguiendo en sensores e interceptores. También menos controvertido por buscar la colaboración de los aliados europeos para integrarlo en la defensa antimisiles de la OTAN como un elemento fundamental de la defensa colectiva, lo que refuerza el vínculo transatlántico, así como por impulsar de forma activa la cooperación con Rusia en su desarrollo y configuración, a fin de evitar la desconfianza y poder seguir avanzando en los acuerdos de desarme. En las siguientes páginas se analiza lo que significa el EPAA; las dificultades para conseguir tales objetivos; las distintas posiciones de los países europeos; y la evolución de las negociaciones con Rusia, con las consiguientes repercusiones para el proceso de control de armamentos y para el régimen de no-proliferación.
The Epistemology of RMA Henrotin, Joseph
The Art of War in the Network Age,
2016, 2016-09-30
Book Chapter
The use of military revolution as a way to explain the integration of new types of weaponry and systems in the politico‐strategic reality has been widely misused, as much in its definition as in the ...impact of its contributions to foreign and defence politics. This chapter focuses on operational and technological aspects of RMA. First, the "RMA phenomenon" can be based on an iterative evolution, in longue duree, and this in order to avoid the traps of an “event history” and to distinguish its major trends. Secondly, the "RMA phenomenon" can be seen as an isolated product in conjoncture time, thus making it, strictly speaking, revolutionary. From a historical point of view, RMA presents it as an isolated phenomenon, produced by specific technological, cultural and political conceptions in a specific time period, when revolution is a matter of event history and no longer of conjoncture and longue duree.
Since the end of the Cold War, the EU aims to advance to a relevant and autonomous actor in international politics—especially concerning security and defense politics. Scholars interested in whether ...the EU member states actually converge in their security and defense preferences often analyze strategy papers qualitatively, focusing on selected countries at specific points in time. In this article, we propose a dictionary approach for analyzing the development of security and defense preferences within the EU over the last three decades using quantitative text analysis. We make use of 163 strategy papers, published by all EU member states and the EU itself since 1994. The findings show that EU member states react similarly to international events, but do not converge substantially in their preferences. Furthermore, there is no substantial convergence to the position of the EU itself. We finally discuss usefulness and validity of quantitative text analysis in comparative research more broadly.
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AirSea Battle (ASB) has generated significant publicity, controversy, and debate among scholars, analysts, commentators, and observers of US defense strategy. However, a research gap exists ...concerning formal analysis of the impact of the operational concept on the relationship between the US Air Force (USAF) and the US Navy (USN). The impact of the ASB operational concept on the USAF-USN relationship is examined across the issue areas of strategy, budgets, weapons procurement, and training. These four issue areas represent important areas of historical conflict and competition between the Air Force and Navy. The conclusion is that ASB is ushering in a new era of Air Force-Navy partnership that advances the inter-service dynamic from "jointness" toward integration. The emergent USAF-USN partnership therefore represents a significant development in US defense politics and defense strategy.
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In today’s U.S. defense policy debates, big land wars are out. Drones, cyber weapons, special forces, and space weapons are in. Accordingly, Pentagon budget cuts have honed in on the army and ground ...forces: this, after the long wars in Iraq and Afghanistan, seems like an appealing idea. No one really wants American boots on the ground in bloody conflicts abroad. But it is not so easy to simply declare an end to messy land wars. A survey of the world’s trouble spots suggests that land warfare has more of a future than many now seem to believe. In The Future of Land Warfare, Michael O’Hanlon offers an analysis of the future of the world’s ground forces.
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