Diatomejsko zemljo uporabljajo v številne namene, med drugim tudi kot bioinsekticid za varovanje uskladiščenih pridelkov. Ta zemlja nastane z mletjem sedimentnih kamnin, imenovanih diatomiti. Obstaja ...veliko vrst diatomejske zemlje, a le zemlje z manj kot 7 % kristalnega SiO2 so primerne za zatiranje škodljivcev. Diatomejska zemlja ni toksična za sesalce, dolgotrajno varuje živež pred škodljivimi žuželkami, za njen nanos se uporablja približno enaka tehnologija kot pri klasičnem nanosu insekticidov in se med predelavo zlahka odstrani z živeža. Med nekaj negativnimi lastnostmi gre izpostaviti dejstvo, da zmanjša hektolitrsko maso zrnja (zniža nasipno gostoto zrnja), ki je glavno merilo kakovosti zrnja. Diatomejska zemlja ima velik absorpcijski potencial in se veže na epikutikularne voske žuželk, zato deluje praktično na vse škodljivce, ki imajo kutikulo zaščiteno z voski.
This book looks at how it is we do tourism and learn to be tourists when we are on holiday. Tourism is a dynamic way of being that may facilitate or hinder intercultural exchange. It draws on ...empirical work and a range of theoretical frameworks, arguing that tourism matters precisely because of the lessons it can teach us about everyday life.
Potentilla reptans L. is a weedy plant widespread throughout Europe and Asia. It has been used in traditional medicine to treat various diseases, alone or in combination with other plants. The aim of ...this research is to determine the chemical profile of this plant as well as to assess the biological activity and pharmacological effects of an aqueous extract of P. reptans rhizome and aerial parts. Until now, no data has been found for chemical composition of P. reptans rhizome, while eight compounds have been identified in the aerial part. Pharmacological researches were intended to determine an anti-oxidant and anti-ulcer effect. The aqueous extracts of both rhizome and aerial parts of P. reptans were provided for proposed analysis. Using reference methodology, it was determined the total content of phenols, flavonoids and procyanidins, and phenolic compounds were identified using 45 standard substances. In vitro, anti-oxidant activity was determined by using DPPH test. The research of pharmacological effects was carried out using appropriate methodologies where anti-inflammatory, anti-histamic, antimicrobial and cytotoxic activity of aqueous extracts of P. reptans rhizome and aerial parts was determined. Research results showed dominant presence of flavonoids in P. reptans aerial parts, while catechin is dominant in rhizome. Examined extracts showed anti-oxidant effect, and it is detected that the rhizome showed a stronger anti-oxidant effect than the areal parts. Anti-inflammatory activity was observed in both extracts using several growing concentrations. Positive result occurred when the highest concentration of the aqueous extract of P. reptans rhizome was used. Both extracts showed cytotoxic activity, but stronger activity was detected in the aqueous extract of rhizome. Anti-histamic activity was detected in the aqueous extract of P. reptans areal parts while the rhizome did not show this kind of activity. An examination of the extract effectiveness against gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria and fungus Candida albicans showed the effectiveness of both extracts. Antimicrobial activity was the most significant at the highest concentrations, the exception is Klebsiella pneumonia bacteria, where the used concentrations did not show any significant effect.
Potentilla reptans L. je korovska biljka dosta rasprostranjena u Evropi i Aziji. Koristi se u tradicionalnoj medicini, u terapiji različitih oboljenja sama ili u kombinaciji sa drugim biljkama. Cilj ovog istraživanja je određivanje hemijskog profila ove biljke kao i utvrđivanje biološke aktivnosti i farmakoloških efekata vodenih ekstrakata rizoma i herbe P. reptans. Do sada nisu zabeleženi podaci o hemijskom sastavu rizoma P. reptans, dok je u herbi identifikovano osam jedinjenja. Farmakološka ispitivanja su se odnosila na određivanje antioksidantnog i antiulcerogenog efekta. Za predviđene analize pripremljeni su vodeni ekstrakti herbe i rizoma P. reptans. Primenom referentne metodologije određen je sadržaj ukupnih fenola, flavonoida i procijanidina, kao i identifikacija fenolnih jedinjenja iz pomoć 45 standardnih supstanci. U in vitro uslovima primenom DPPH testa određena je antioksidantna aktivnost ekstrakata. Ispitivanje farmakoloških efekata sprovedeno je primenom odgovarajućih metodologija pri čemu je određivana antiinflamatorna, antihistaminska, antimikrobna i citotoksična aktivnost vodenih ekstrakata herbe i rizoma P. reptans. Rezultati istraživanja su pokazali dominantno prisustvo flavonoida u herbi P. reptans, dok u rizomu dominira katehin. Ispitivani ekstrakti pokazuju antioksidantni efekat, gde je uočeno da nešto jači antioksidantni efekat ispoljava rizom u odnosu na herbu. Antiinflamatorna aktivnost je posmatrana kod oba ekstrakta primenom nekoliko rastućih koncentracija. Pozitivan rezultat je uočen primenom najveće koncentracije vodenog ekstrakta rizoma P. reptans. Oba ekstrakta pokazuju citotoksičnu aktivnost, pri čemu je veća aktivnost uočena kod vodenog ekstrakta rizoma. Antihistaminska aktivnost je uočena kod vodenog ekstrakta herbe P. reptans dok rizom nije pokazao ovu vrstu aktivnosti. Ispitivanjem efikasnosti ekstrakata na gram pozitivne, gram negativne bakterije i gljivicu Candida albicans uočena je efikasnost obe vrste ekstrakata. Antimikrobno delovanje je bilo najizraženije pri najvećim primenjenim koncentracijama, izuzetak je bakterija Klebsiella pneumoniae gde ni jedna od primenjenih koncentracija nije dovela do značajnog efekta.
