Excessive police violence and its disproportionate targeting of minority communities has existed in the United States since police forces first formed in the colonial period. A personal tragedy for ...its victims, for the people who love them, and for their broader communities, excessive police violence is also a profound violation of human and civil rights.
Most public discourse about excessive police violence focuses, understandably, on the horrors of civilian deaths. In From Enforcers to Guardians, Hannah L. F. Cooper and Mindy Thompson Fullilove approach the issue from a radically different angle: as a public health problem. By using a public health framing, this book challenges readers to recognize that the suffering created by excessive police violence extends far outside of death to include sexual, psychological, neglectful, and nonfatal physical violence as well.
Arguing that excessive police violence has been deliberately used to marginalize working-class and minority communities, Cooper and Fullilove describe what we know about the history, distribution, and health impacts of police violence, from slave patrols in colonial times to war on drugs policing in the present-day United States. Finally, the book surveys efforts, including Barack Obama's 2015 creation of the Task Force on 21st Century Policing, to eliminate police violence, and proposes a multisystem, multilevel strategy to end marginality and police violence and to achieve guardian policing.
Aimed at anyone seeking to understand the causes and distributions of excessive police violence—and to develop interventions to end it—From Enforcers to Guardians frames excessive police violence so that it can be understood, researched, and taught about through a public health lens.
Olga Taussky-Todd suggested the problem of determining the possible values of integer circulant determinants. To solve a special case of the problem, Laquer gave a factorization of circulant ...determinants. In this paper, we give a modest generalization of Laquer's theorem. Also, we give an application of the generalization to integer group determinants.
This work shows that the smallest natural number dn that is not the determinant of some n×n binary matrix is at least c2n/n for c=1/201. That same quantity naturally lower bounds the number of ...distinct integers Dn which can be written as the determinant of some n×n binary matrix. This asymptotically improves the previous result of dn=Ω(1.618n) and slightly improves the previous result of Dn≥2n/g(n) for a particular g(n)=ω(n2) function.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP
For a developing country with a large rural population, to understand the rural households' energy consumption characteristic and energy consumption determinants for further public policy design is ...of increasing importance. Therefore, this paper provides a detailed analysis of the characteristics of rural households’ energy consumption. Simultaneously, based on the data of 1472 rural households from the Chinese General Social Survey of 2015, the energy consumption determinants of rural households are estimated by Tobit model. Results reveal that rural households with a healthy and old household head reduce the share of coal consumption, and household labors with an off-farm job and high level of education, and a large household size increase the share of LPG and electricity consumption. The good economic condition of rural households contributes to the reduction of biomass consumption. Given the results, the government should work for poverty reduction, subsidies for modern equipment purchase, policies of effective and renewable energy technologies, and educational investment in rural areas, which may help for a positive transition in energy consumption for rural households.
•Use a national survey data of 2015 on rural household energy consumption of China.•Display comprehensive characteristics of rural household energy consumption.•Comprehensively examine the factors affecting rural household energy consumption.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP
7.
Existence of the map detS3 Lippold, Steven R.; Staic, Mihai D.
Linear algebra and its applications,
05/2024, Volume:
689
Journal Article
Peer reviewed
In this paper we show the existence of a nontrivial linear map detS3:Vd⊗(3d3)→k with the property that detS3(⊗1≤i<j<k≤3d(vi,j,k))=0 if there exists 1≤x<y<z<t≤3d such that vx,y,z=vx,y,t=vx,z,t=vy,z,t. ...This gives a partial answer to a conjecture from 10. As an application, we use the map detS3 to study those d-partitions of the complete hypergraph K3d3 that have zero Betti numbers. We also discuss algebraic and combinatorial properties of a map detSr:Vd⊗(rdr)→k which generalizes the determinant map, the map detS2 from 9, and detS3.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP
Introduction: Early marriage is carried out before the teenager is even 18 years old. It is estimated that around 650 million teenagers in the world are married before they are 18 years old. Early ...marriage does not only have an impact on adolescent health, but globally will also affect national security, social development, human rights, economic development, and gender equality.Objective: This literature review aims to examine the determinants of early marriage in developing countries.Materials and Methods: This study is a literature review using three databases, namely Science Direct, PubMed, and Wiley Online Library. The scientific literature used is scientific literature published between 2018 and 2022 and was selected based on predetermined inclusion and exclusion criteria. The number of articles analyzed was 13. Results: From the review conducted, it is known that the most common determinant factors for early marriage are educational factors, economic factors, and place of residence. However, other factors have an impact, such as ethnicity, religion, and exposure to the mass media. Conclusions: This review can be used by local policymakers as material for consideration in determining steps to prevent early marriage.
This study aimed to describe clinical characteristics and sleep quality of Parkinson’s Diseases (PD) patients and identify associated factors with sleep quality.
A cross-sectional study was conducted ...at the National Geriatric Hospital, Hanoi, Vietnam, from December 2022 to April 2023. A total of 130 Parkinson's disease patients undergoing treatment at the hospital were invited. Demographic and clinical characteristics were obtained. The diagnosis of sleep disorders was based on the standards outlined in the DSM-V. A multivariate logistic regression model was employed.
90.9 % experienced sleep disorder, with the significant types including insomnia (76.2 %) and restless legs syndrome (56.2 %). The majority of patients suffered two (33.1 %) and one kind of sleep disorder (32.3 %). Most patients experienced sleep disorders after diagnosis of PD (80.0 %). Only having shoulder and neck pain was positively associated with a likelihood of having sleep disturbances (OR=4.87, 95 %CI=1.18–20.15).
This study found a high rate of sleep disorders among PD patients in our sample. Shoulder and neck pain was found to be associated with a risk of sleep disorders. Pain management should be performed to improve the sleep quality of PD patients.
•90% PD patients had sleep disorders.•Major types included insomnia (76.2%) and restless legs syndrome (56.2%).•Shoulder and neck pain is a major contributor for sleep disorders.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP
Objective: The prevalence of stunting in Sulawesi Selatan after the pandemic has decreased. This is because the COVID-19 pandemic situation has made it difficult to conduct anthropometric ...measurements owing to a number of regulations enacted by the government to suppress the cases of COVID-19. The Sudiang Public Health Center is one of the biggest contributors to stunting in Makassar City with a prevalence of 11.06 %. This study aimed to assess the degree of risk of Low Body Weight (LBW), pregnancy checkups <4 times, incomplete basic vaccinations, non-exclusive breastfeeding, Acute Respiratory Infection (ARI)/ diarrhea infections, household income, and contaminated water sources on stunting during the pandemic. Methods: This study was an observational study with a control case epidemiology design.
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