U radu se iznose rezultati istraživanja dinamike: dušika, fosfora, kalija, kalcija i magnezija u listu i plodu tijekom perioda vegetacije u sorti Golden Delicious i Fuji, uzgojenih u gustom sklopu na ...podlozi M 9. Voćnjak je podignut na lesiviranom pseudogleju. Tlo je kisele reakcije, relativno slabo humozno, umjereno opskrbljeno fosforom i kalijem, a vrlo bogato magnezijem. Ravnoteža u hranidbi praćena je analizom omjera: N/K, N/Ca, K/Ca, ravnoteže i sume kationa u fazama: diobe stanica, izduživanja stanica i bubrenja stanica ploda. Na kraju velikog vala rasta mladica i mase plodova od 60 do 80 g ocjenjen je biljno hranidbeni kapacitet tla metodom folijarne dijagnoze i prognozirana mogućnost pojave fizioloških bolesti plodova na osnovi utvrđenog omjera N/K, N/Ca, K/Ca, i ravnoteže kationa u listu i plodu. Najviše: dušika, fosfora, kalija, kalcija i magnezija sadržavalo je lišće i plodovi na početku vegetacija. U lišću se smanjivala koncentracija: dušika, fosfora, kalija i magnezija, a povećava kalcija do kraja vegetacije. Značajno veću koncentraciju dušika sadrži lišće sorte Fuji od sorte Golden Delicious. Lišće sorte Golden Delicious sadržavalo je značajno veću koncentraciju kalija i kalcija od lišća sorte Fuji. Pod utjecajem sorte nisu utvrđene signifikantne razlike u koncentraciji fosfora i magnezija. U plodovima se do berbe smanjivala koncentracija: dušika, fosfora, kalija, kalcija i magnezija. U vrijeme kada su plodovi imali masu 60 do 80 g bila je koncentracija: makrobiogenih elemenata u granicama normalne opskrbljenosti. Koncentracija je bila u granici normale i u vrijeme berbe, osim za kalij koji je bio malo ispod granice. Pod utjecajem sorte nisu utvrđene statistički opravdane razlike. Utvrđena je statistički opravdana razlika između sorti za omjer K/Ca.
The paper presents the results of multi-year research on the dynamics of: nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium and magnesium in the leaf and fruit during the growing season in the varieties Golden Delicious and Fuji, grown in high density planting on rootstock M 9. The orchard was raised on the pesudogley luvic soil. The soil is acidic, relatively weak in humus, moderately supplied with phosphorus and potassium, and very rich in magnesium. Nutritional balance is monitored by analyzing the ratios: K/Ca, N/K, N/Ca, balance and sum of cations in the phases of the growth of fruit: cell division, cell elongation and cell swelling. At the end of the big wave of vegetative growth of saplings and fruits weighing from 60 to 80 grams, the plant nutrition capacity of the soil was evaluated using the foliar diagnosis method and the possibility of the occurrence of physiological fruit diseases was predicted based on the determined ratio of K/Ca in the leaf and fruit. The genetic specificities of the mineral nutrition of the varieties were determined. The concentration of nitrogen and potassium gradually decreases from the beginning to the end of the growing season, while the concentration of phosphorus and magnesium is the same during the growing season. The leaves of the Fuji variety contain a significantly higher concentration of nitrogen than the Golden Delicious variety. The leaves of the Golden Delicious variety contained a significantly higher concentration of potassium and calcium than the leaves of the Fuji variety. Under the influence of the variety, no significant differences were found in the concentration of phosphorus and magnesium. The concentration of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium and magnesium decreased in the fruits until harvest. At the time when the fruits had a mass of 60 to 80 g, the concentration of: macrobiogenic elements was within the range of normal supply. The concentration was within the normal range at the time of harvest, except for potassium, which was slightly below the limit. Under the influence of the variety, no statistically justified differences were found. A statistically justified difference between varieties was found for the K/Ca ratio.
Islamic studies and adat (tradition) tend to enhance discourse to see how religion encounters with local culture. Recently, it shows that there are harmony and interaction between ...them. In addition, there is acculturation in performing religious practice in daily life. Therefore, this study will explore the interaction between Islam and adat in Bugis society in term culture acculturation. Qualitative approach was conducted during circle of research. Non-participant observation and in-depth interview were employed in collecting data. This research shows that there is synergetic on adat understanding with religious expressions. Adeq (adat) and saraq (Islamic law) both were placed as part of panggaderreng (social law). As a result, this combination gathers to rule society life. Moreover, many adat activities adapt to Islam principles. Islam was translated to local life round in preserving ethnicity existence then transform to belief spirit. Using this local potency convert a strategy to develop spirituality without Arabic characteristics. Islam in Bugis adat context interprets to norm and tradition in expanding identity Bugis society. Finally, adat and religion encounters in Bugis society culture demonstrate that there was a dialogue between them and construct a new tradition in local environment.
Penelitian dinamika kelompok tani hutan rakyat ini dilaksanakan pada bulan Nopember sampai Desember 2003 pada tiga desa di tiga kecamatan yaitu : Desa Boja, Desa Kertayasa dan Desa Sukorejo. Jumlah ...petani yang bergabung didalam kelompoktani diambil sebanyak 18 orang untuk dijadikan sebagai responden untuk setiap desa dan ditentukan secara sengaja. Dinamika kelompok diidentifikasi dengan menggunakan delapan faktor, Nilai kumulatif dari faktor sosial menunjukkan tingkat kedinamikaan kelompok, dimana semakin tinggi nilai faktomya semakin dinamis kelompok tersebut. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan kelompok tani di Desa Kertayasa dan Desa Sukorejo tergolong kelompok yang dinamis, sementara kelompok tani di Desa Boja termasuk kurang dinamis.
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memahami dan memodelkan interaksi antar pelaku yang terlibat serta menentukan komponen utama pembentuk sistem dalam pengembangan klaster agribisnis sapi Aceh. Metode ...yang diaplikasikan untuk mencapai tujuan tersebut adalah metodologi dinamika sistem. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Kabupaten Aceh Besar yang merupakan sentra produksi sapi di Provinsi Aceh. Identifikasi kebutuhan untuk model klaster dilakukan melalui studi pustaka dan wawancara dengan pakar dari pemangku kepentingan, yaitu praktisi dan pengambil kebijakan yang terlibat dalam prosedur penyediaan input, produksi, serta pemasaran output sapi Aceh. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa koordinasi antar pelaku yang terlibat (multi-stakeholder) belum berjalan dengan baik, sehingga pelayanan yang diberikan oleh pihak terkait belum optimal. Selanjutnya, terdapat tujuh komponen utama dalam model pengembangan klaster agribisnis sapi Aceh, yaitu: pasar, keuangan, konsentrasi geografis, pembelajaran inovasi dan teknologi, peternak anggota klaster baru, input produksi, serta kelembagaan klaster. Interaksi antara variabel-variabel yang terkait unsur pasar serta pembelajaran inovasi dan teknologi mengarah pada keseimbangan sehingga mengurangi fluktuasi harga. Di lain pihak, interaksi antara variabel yang terkait dengan unsur keuangan, konsentrasi geografis, peternak anggota klaster baru, dan input pakan, menimbulkan pertumbuhan dalam pengembangan sapi Aceh. Sementara itu, interaksi antara variabel yang terkait dengan kelembagaan klaster mengarah kepada keseimbangan untuk mengurangi penjualan betina produktif. Diantara semua variabel yang terdapat dalam sistem, layanan stakeholder dan kapasitas produksi sapi Aceh peternak anggota klaster merupakan leverage points dalam sistem manajemen klaster. (Engineering of Aceh Cattle Agribusiness Cluster Development Model in Aceh Besar Regency) ABSTRAK. This study aimed to understand and model the interactions between the actors involved and determine the main components forming the system in the development of Aceh cattle agribusiness clusters. This study uses system dynamics methodology. This research was conducted in Aceh Besar Regency which is the center of cattle production in Aceh Province. Identification of the need for cluster model done through literature and interviews with experts from stakeholders, namely practitioners and policy makers involved in the procedure of input supply, production, and marketing of Aceh cattle output. The results of the study indicate that the coordination between the actors involved (multi-stakeholder) has not been going well, so the services provided by the related parties have not been optimal. Furthermore, there are seven main components to create the Aceh cattle agribusiness cluster development model in Aceh Besar Regency, namely: market, finance, geographic concentration, learning innovation and technology, new cluster member breeders, production inputs, and cluster institutions. The interaction between variables related to market elements and learning innovation and technology leads to a balance so as to reduce price fluctuations. On the other hand, the interaction between variables related to financial elements, geographic concentration, breeders of new cluster members, and feed inputs, led to growth in Aceh cattle development. Meanwhile, the interaction between variables related to cluster institutions leads to a balance to reduce the sale of productive females. Among all the variables contained in the system, stakeholder services and the production capacity of Aceh cattle breeders who are members of the cluster are leverage points in the cluster management system.
Tujuan penelitian ini mengkaji sejauh mana dampak erupsi gunung Kelud Tahun 2014 terhadap dinamika perubahan lahan. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu survey dengan menggunakan data ...penginderaan jauh multi temporal dan multi resolusi. Data penginderan jauh yang digunakan yaitu citra Landsat ETM+, Landsat 8, Aster, Quickbird, SRTM, dan Hyperion. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan pasca erupsi gunung Kelud 2014 telah menyebabkan dinamika spatio temporal arah erupsi dan perubahan lahan. Hasil kajian dari tahun 1901 sampai 2014 secara makro arah erupsi G. Kelud selalu ke arah Barat dan beberpaa erupsi susulan ke Arah Timur. Pada skala meso arah erupsi mengarah ke Selatan, Barat, dan Utara. Hal ini dipengaruhi oleh arah angin yang mengarah ke Barat Daya. Pada skala mikro kerusakan lahan dapat dilihat dari perubahan kawah G. Kelud di mana kawah 1990 berupa danau, 2007 anak gunung Kelud, dan 2014 kawah kering. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.17977/um017v22i12017p060
Amarasi is one of the kingdoms on the island of Timor which has a history, tradition, and system of governance which is still preserved nowadays. This research aims to determine the orientation of ...Amarasi settlements. Literature study, survey, and interview were applied in this research supported by Geographical Information System (GIS). The orientation of Amarasi settlement has dynamic pattern which has been developed according to its topographic and natural morphologic characteristics. The development of Amarasi settlement indicates the change of Amarasi peoples life pattern from the past until now. Amarasi merupakan salah satu kerajaan di Pulau Timor yang memiliki sejarah, tradisi, dan sistem pemerintahan yang masih lestari. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui orientasi permukiman wilayah Kerajaan Amarasi. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah studi pustaka, survei, dan wawancara dengan ditunjang oleh SIG. Orientasi permukiman masyarakat Amarasi mempunyai pola dinamis yang mengalami perkembangan sesuai dengan topografi dan morfologi alamnya. Perkembangan permukiman mengindikasikan perubahan pola kehidupan masyarakat Amarasi dari masa lampau sampai sekarang.
This book will appeal to scholars and policymakers who deal with and/or are conducting research on the factors of economic growth. At present, there is no unified growth model that is feasible for ...every investigation. As such, this volume offers key insights into the factors that are most relevant in explaining growth variation at country, regional and metropolitan levels. In order to acquaint the reader with the concepts related to the subject, two theoretical chapters detail the schools of thought and the models that were formulated in the past. Three empirical chapters then present an up-to-date and a multi-level investigation, using the most comprehensive models, for the European Union. The results of this book are policy-oriented and will serve to help close the gaps between EU countries and regions.
Penelitian ini telah dilaksanakan di Kabupaten Ngada pada bulan April sampai Juli 2018. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk: 1) Mengetahui dan menganalisis faktor-faktor apa saja yang mempengaruhi tingkat ...perkembangan populasi ternak babi, 2) Mengetahui dan menganalisis berapa besar pendapatan tunai usaha ternak babi, dan 3) Merumuskan strategi program PERAK untuk pengembangan populasi ternak babi dalam meningkatkan pendapatan anggota. Teknik pengambilan contoh dilakukan melalui tiga tahap yaitu penentuan kecamatan contoh secara purposif, penentuan desa contoh secara purposif dan penentuan responden contoh secara acak proporsional dimana setiap desa diambil 25% dari kepala keluarga miskin sasaran dan diperoleh 100 responden. Data dianalisis menggunakan analisis regresi linier, analisis pendapatan, dan analisis SWOT. Pengambilan sampel yang dilakukan kepada responden SWOT yaitu teknik purposif sampling sehingga diambil 20 orang sebagai responden. Hasil penelitian dengan menggunakan uji regresi menunjukkan bahwa faktor yang mempengaruhi perkembangan populasi yaitu jumlah induk (X1), tingkat kelahiran (X2), dan koefisien determinasi (R2=0,75). Rata-rata pendapatan tunai usaha ternak babi program PERAK sebesar Rp7.893.613. Analisis SWOT menunjukkan bahwa usaha ternak babi program PERAK di Kabupaten Ngada berada pada strategi agresif dan posisi ini merupakan situasi yang sangat menguntungkan. Strategi yang harus diterapkan dalam kondisi ini adalah mendukung kebijakan pertumbuhan yang agresif (growthoriented strategy). Program strategis yang perlu diterapkan adalah:1) Strategi peningkatan populasi ternak babi program PERAK, 2) Strategi peningkatan sumberdaya manusia (SDM), 3) Strategi optimalisasi penggunaan sumberdaya alam, dan 4) Strategi pengembangan dan penerapan teknologi.
Artikel ini akan membahas tentang kontribusi Ali Mustafa Yaqub dalam dinamika kajian hadis di Indonesia. Ia adalah salah seorang pakar di bidang hadis. Hadis-hadis yang dibahas adalah hadis-hadis ...yang populer dan yang dipolemikkan yang muncul di kalangan masyarakat Indonesia. Hasil penelitiannyabanyak mengejutkan banyak pihak. Dalam penelitian selama 9 tahunnya, hadis-hadis yang diyakini masyarakat sebagai hadis-hadis s}ahi>h selama ini, ternyata hadis-hadis tersebut bukanlah hadis s}ahi>h, bahkan ada di antaranya yang diketahui bukan sebagai hadis, melainkan hanya kata-kata mutiara maupun kata-kata hikmah yang diucapkan oleh seorang tokoh ataupun ulama. Kalau itu bukan hadis, dan kemudian itu dikatakan sebagai hadis yang disandarkan kepada Nabi, berarti itu telah mendustakan hadis atas nama Nabi dan itu akan berdampak serius. Metode yang dipakai dalam memahami hadis berasal dari penelitian sanad dan matan hadis. Dalam meneliti sanad hadis, ia merujuk pada pendapat ulama-ulama terdahulu. Untuk memperolehi kesimpulan apakah hadis itu s}ahi>h, hasan atau d}a‘i>f, maka sanadnya harus bersambung, perawinya harus tsiqah (‘a>dil dan d}a>bit}). Ali Mustafa Yaqub tidak menyimpulkannya sendiri, tetapi berdasarkan pendapat para pakar di bidang hadis dengan membuka dan menelusuri kitab-kitab yang mu’tabar. Dalam menjelaskan kualitas matan hadis, Ali Mustafa Yaqub tidak hanya didasarkan pada persoalan apakah hadis itu mengandung ‘illah atau tidak, atau pun mengandung sya>z\\\ atau tidak.Dengan demikian, memahami hadis akan lebih mudah agar menemukan pemahaman yang relatif lebih tepat, dinamis, akomodatif, apresiasif, komprehensip dan mudah dipahami oleh semua golongan terhadap perubahan serta perkembangan zaman.This article will discuss about Ali Mustafa Yaqub’s contribution in the dynamics of the study of hadith in Indonesia. He is one of the experts in the field of hadith. The hadisstudied are popular and debatable hadith that have emerged among Indonesian society. The results of his research surprised many people. In his 9-year doing research, he found that the hadith that the people have believed as the best hadith are not the s}ah}e>h} hadith, some of which are known not as hadith, but only the quotations and the wisdom words spoken by pious people. If that is not a hadith, and then it is claimedas hadith from the Prophet, it will have a serious impact. The method used in understanding the hadith comes from the study of sanad and matan hadith. In researching the sanad of the hadith, he referred to the opinions of the earlier scholars. To estimate the conclusion whether the hadis is s}ahi>h, hasan or d}a‘i>f, then its sanad must be in continuity, its transmitter must be tsiqah (fair and d}a>bit}). Ali Mustafa Yaqub did not give the conclusion according to himself, but alsobased on the opinion of the scholars in the field of hadith by opening and searching the books that are mu’tabar. However, in addition to criticizing editorial, Ali Mustafa seeks to contextualize the editorial matan hadith with the present condition with a lot of explaining the hadith about the problems polemicized by society. As for the approach used in understanding the matan of hadith, he uses the approach of language, ratios and in other hadith, he used historical approach. Thus, the effort to understand the hadith will be easier in order to find a relatively more precise, dynamic, accommodative, apresiasif, comprehensively and easily results understood by all classes in this changing and developing times.
From late 19th century to early 20th century, Aru Islands, Maluku had been a region frequented by Japanese immigrants. Their presence differed to the presence of Japanese immigrants in other parts of ...Indonesia during the same time period. Pearls of high quality were an exquisite treasure found in the waters of Aru, which attracted Japanese immigrants to come to the region. The present study attempts to investigate their arrival and how they had lived their life in a region that is geographically and culturally different from that of Japan. By using sources obtained from Japan, the Netherlands, and Indonesia, the current study found that there were conflicts and harmony observed within the social life dynamics of Japanese immigrants living in Aru Islands. Both were found to have occurred internally within the Japanese immigrant community and in their relations with other communities in Aru. One of the factors that had a significant influence on their social relations was the ethnic and social classes that were developed by the course of history.---Pada akhir abad ke-19 sampai awal abad ke-20 Kepulauan Aru, Maluku merupakan sebuah wilayah yang banyak didatangi oleh imigran Jepang. Keberadaan mereka berbeda dengan keberadaan imigran Jepang di wilayah lain di Indonesia pada masa yang sama. Mutiara yang berkualitas yang menjadi kekayaan perairan Aru memang menjadi daya tarik kedatangan imigran Jepang. Kajian ini akan menelusuri kedatangan mereka, dan bagaimana mereka menjalani kehidupan d wilayah yang secara geografis dan kultur sangat berbeda dengan Jepang. Dengan menggunakan sumber dari Jepang, Belanda, dan Indonesia , kajian ini menemukan bahwa dalan dinamika kehidupan sosial imigran Jepang di Kepulauan Aru, ada harmoni dan konflik. Keduanya terjadi baik di dalam komunitas imigran Jepang sendiri, maupun dalam relasi mereka dengan komunitas lain di Aru. Salah satu faktor yang cukup berpengaruh dalan relasi sosial mereka adalah kelas sosial dan etnisitas yang dibentuk oleh perjalanan sejarah.
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