Pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs) are emerging contaminants that have raised urgent environmental issues. The dissolved organic matter (DOM) plays a pivotal role on PPCPs' migration ...and transformation. To obtain a comprehensive understanding of the occurrence and distribution of PPCPs, a seasonal sampling focused on the riverine system in coastal zone, Tianjin, Bohai Rim was conducted. The distribution and transformation of thirty-three PPCPs and their interaction with DOM were investigated, and their sources and ecological risks were further evaluated. The total concentration of PPCPs ranges from 0.01 to 197.20 μg/L, and such value is affected by regional temperature, DOM and land use types. PPCPs migration at soil-water interface is controlled by temperature, sunlight, water flow and DOM. PPCPs have a high affinity to the protein-like DOM, while the humus-like DOM plays a negative influence and facilitates PPCPs' degradation. It is also found that protein-like DOM can represent point source pollution, while humus-like substances indicate non-point source (NPS) emission. Specific PPCPs can be used as markers to trace the source of domestic discharge. Additionally, daily use PPCPs such as ketoprofen, caffeine and iopromide are estimated to be the main risk substances, and their ecological risk varies on space, season and river hydraulic condition.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP
This study aimed to explore the effects of process water generated by hydrothermal carbonization (HTC-PW) at 180 °C and 260 °C on the soil-water environment. The input of HTC-PW changed the aquatic ...DOM components, such as the C1–C3 component decreased by 51.92–100%, and the C4 component increased by 81.40–100%. HTC-PW promoted the development of Proteobacteria and Firmicutes with relative abundance ratios of 1.75–2.31 and 1.4−3.25 times higher than CK, with a positive association revealed with the carbon conversion indicators. Furthermore, Proteobacteria play a critical role in bacterial networks exposed to high-temperature HTC-PW due to the facilitated nutrient exchange and metabolite. The prevalence of Ciliophora and Chlorophyta positively correlated with the nutrient compounds of HTC-PW. Moreover, the higher percentage of positive correlation in fungal networks was 75.26%, which implicated that microbial cooperation of fungi was more pronounced on an equal footing exposed to low-temperature HTC-PW. This study provides a theoretical basis for analyzing the potential ecological effects of HTC-PW in the soil-water environment associated with HTC applications, intending to provide parameters and guidance for the rational disposal of HTC-PW.
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•The first study focused on the HTC-PW effect on DOM and periphyton.•HTC-PW enhanced the autogenesis activity in aquatic DOM with high BIX and FI.•High input HTC-PW was not conducive for bacteria and fungi to survive.•A positive association was revealed between Proteobacteria and humic/TOC contents.•A positive correlation of Ciliophora with nutrient compounds in HTC-PWwas verified.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP
Dissolved organic matter (DOM) can strongly bind to organic contaminants and control phenanthrene in soil. Herein, four individual parallel factor analysis (PARAFAC) components were found in soil ...DOM. Component C1 was the humic-like component ligand T, and component C2 was a combination of humic fluorophore ligands M1 and M2. Furthermore, components C3 and C4 were characterized as terrestrial and ubiquitous humic substances. Then, the modified Stern–Volmer complexation model was used to reveal soil DOM component–phenanthrene-binding properties. The overall binding characteristics of a PARAFAC component could not express the phenanthrene-binding properties. Therefore, two-dimensional correlation spectroscopy was used to reveal DOM ligand–phenanthrene-binding properties. After binding with phenanthrene, DOM ligands T, M2, A2, and C1 were quenched but DOM ligands M1, A1, and C2 were excited. The ligands with higher humification presented higher phenanthrene-binding ability. With these promising results, the DOM ligand–phenanthrene-binding characteristics offered theoretical support for soil pollution control.
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IJS, KILJ, NUK, PNG, UL, UM, UPUK
Marine dissolved organic matter (DOM) is a principal reservoir involved in biogeochemical cycles and exerts a pivotal influence on global carbon flux dynamics. In this study, excitation-emission ...matrix fluorescence spectroscopy combined with parallel factor analysis (EEM-PARAFAC) was conducted on 230 DOM samples collected from 21 sites between February and April 2022 in the Western Pacific Ocean (WPO). We identified five distinct fluorescence peaks (peaks B, T, A, C, and M), predominantly protein-like and humic-like components. These findings, marked by significant differences (p < 0.01) in fluorescence intensities and spectral indices, characterized the transformation of DOM with ocean depth, illustrating a transition from active to recalcitrant forms. Additionally, random forest analysis (RFA) identified depth as a key factor influencing marine dissolved organic carbon (DOC), with a 32.59% importance value. Correlations between hydrological and fluorescent parameters underscored the complexity of DOM sources and influencing processes. Overall, this work broadens our understanding of DOM variability in the upper 5000 m of the WPO, enhancing our knowledge of the marine environment's role in the global carbon cycle.
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•Protein/humic-like constitute the primary components of dissolved organic matter in seawater.•A gradual shift from protein-like to humic-like with increasing depth.•Random forest analysis was used to assess the importance of hydrologic parameters for dissolved organic carbon (DOC).•Oceanic depth significantly affected the DOC concentration.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP
This study focuses on how Doms of Nusaybin, Mardin identify themselves. The study is based on the notion of identity as a key word. In this context, throughout the study interactions between Doms and ...Kurds are taken into consideration. In the intersection of these interactions music and rebap instrument take place. Doms of Nusaybin are musicians and they identify themselves as musicians. Also Kurds identify them through music. Rebap which is called locally “kemançe” is Doms’ main instrument. Being musician and kemançe are the basic framework of Dom identification. Kemançe is examined as a material culture element and throughout the study how kemançe plays roles in Dom identification is discussed. Through this framework the major concern to be explored is Dom identification. In addition to this major concern, this study also aims at considering relationship between people and objects. This study is based on the fieldwork conducted between 2011-2015 and 2018-2019. The research data was obtained by using participant observation and in-depth interviews techniques of ethnographic method. Based on the fieldwork as a result of this study it is concluded that kemançe is an agent of Dom identity and Dom identity is open to formulation and reformulation according to situations and contexts.
Although our understanding of the effects of microplastics on the dynamics of soil organic matter (SOM) has considerably advanced in recent years, the fundamental mechanisms remain unclear. In this ...study, we examine the effects of polyethylene and poly(lactic acid) microplastics on SOM processes via mineralization incubation. Accordingly, we evaluated the changes in carbon dioxide (CO2) and methane (CH4) production. An O2 planar optical sensor was used to detect the temporal behavior of dissolved O2 during incubation to determine the microscale oxygen heterogeneity caused by microplastics. Additionally, the changes in soil dissolved organic matter (DOM) were evaluated using a combination of spectroscopic approaches and ultrahigh-resolution mass spectrometry. Microplastics increased cumulative CO2 emissions by 160–613%, whereas CH4 emissions dropped by 45–503%, which may be attributed to the oxygenated porous habitats surrounding microplastics. Conventional and biodegradable microplastics changed the quantities of soil dissolved organic carbon. In the microplastic treatments, DOM with more polar groups was detected, suggesting a higher level of electron transport. In addition, there was a positive correlation between the carbon concentration, electron-donating ability, and CO2 emission. These findings suggest that microplastics may facilitate the mineralization of SOM by modifying O2 microenvironments, DOM concentration, and DOM electron transport capability. Accordingly, this study provides new insights into the impact of microplastics on soil carbon dynamics.
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IJS, KILJ, NUK, PNG, UL, UM
The application of biogas slurry as an organic fertilizer is a promising method for utilizing breeding manure wastewater. At present, the impact of biogas slurry on the properties of organic matter ...in soil is not clear. In this study, a pot experiment in which chemical fertilizers were replaced with biogas slurry from a swine farm was performed. The fluorescence spectra combined with parallel factor (PARAFAC) analysis and principal component analysis (PCA) were used to explore the influence of biogas slurry on the protein and humic substance contents in the dissolved organic matter (DOM) in soil. The results showed that there were two proteins (component 3 (C3) and component 4 (C4)) and two humic substances ( component 1 (C1) and component 2 (C2)) in the DOM of the experimental soil. The application of swine biogas slurry can significantly increase the content of DOM in soil, but the increase was weakened with extended time. Compared with the CKA, the biogas slurry significantly increased the C1, C2, C3 and C4 contents in the initial stage by 116.17%, 76.41%, 578.71% and 278.13%, respectively. Within 28 days of planting corn, proteins with simple molecular structure in the DOM in the soil began to be transformed into humic substances with high molecular weight and more complex molecular structures. On the 60th day, the contents of C1 and C2 in the DOM of the treated treatments soil increased by 13.72%–34.40% and 5.05%–17.78% respectively, and tyrosine content decreased by 90.11%–94.41%. This study provides a new perspective on the effects of biogas slurry application on soil properties and sustainable utilization of soil.
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•Soil DOM with different biogas slurry dosages was characterized by EEM-PARAFAC.•PARAFAC and PCA explained the effects of biogas slurry on soil DOM composition.•The application of biogas slurry increased the content of soil DOM.•The protein in biogas slurry was transformed into humus in the soil over time.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP
Traditionally, cyanobacterial activity in oceanic photic layers was considered responsible for the marine pelagic dinitrogen (N
) fixation. Other potentially N
-fixing bacteria and archaea have also ...been detected in the pelagic water column, however, the activity and importance of these non-cyanobacterial diazotrophs (NCDs) remain poorly constrained. In this perspective we summarize the N
fixation rates from recently published studies on photic and aphotic layers that have been attributed to NCD activity via parallel molecular measurements, and discuss the status, challenges, and data gaps in estimating non-cyanobacterial N
fixation NCNF in the ocean. Rates attributed to NCNF have generally been near the detection limit thus far (<1 nmol N L
d
). Yet, if considering the large volume of the dark ocean, even low rates of NCNF could make a significant contribution to the new nitrogen input to the ocean. The synthesis here shows that
transcription data for NCDs have been reported in only a few studies where N
fixation rates were detected in the absence of diazotrophic cyanobacteria. In addition, high apparent diversity and regional variability in the NCDs complicate investigations of these communities. Future studies should focus on further investigating impacts of environmental drivers including oxygen, dissolved organic matter, and dissolved inorganic nitrogen on NCNF. Describing the ecology of NCDs and accurately measuring NCNF rates, are critical for a future evaluation of the contribution of NCNF to the marine nitrogen budget.
Understanding the spatial patterns of dissolved organic matter (DOM) and factors that influence them is crucial for maintaining river ecosystem functions and riverine health, considering the ...significant role of DOM in water quality and aquatic ecosystems. Nevertheless, there is limited knowledge regarding the spatial variation of DOM bioavailability and the factors driving them in large river systems. This study involved 39 sampling locations along the main stem of the Changjiang River, spanning its entire length (>5000 km) during a dry season. Spatial patterns of DOM were assessed by measurements of DOC concentrations and eight fluorescence DOM indices, namely fluorescence index (FI-A and FI-B), Trytophan/Tyrosine, Humic A, Humic C, humification indices (HIX-A and HIX-B), and Freshness index (β/α). The results revealed that the water DOM in the main stem of the Changjiang River primarily originated from terrestrial sources. A decline in DOM bioavailability was observed from the upper to the lower basin, aligning with the carbon processing prediction rather than the river continuum concept (RCC). The pure effect of physicochemical factors (25.30%) was greater than that of geographic factors (9.40%). The internal transformation processes determined the significant longitudinal decreases of DOM bioavailability. While no significant difference in DOM bioavailability was observed between reaches before and after the dams, the construction of dams was found to improve DOM bioavailability at the subsection scale and reduce the spatial autocorrelation of DOM bioavailability across the entire basin.
•Dissolved organic matter (DOM) bioavailability exhibited a longitudinal decrease along the river in the natural reaches.•The longitudinal decrease in DOM bioavailability was primarily attributed to internal transformation processes.•Damming resulted in an increase in DOM bioavailability at the subsection scale.•Documented the spatial variation of DOM along the 5,000 km course of the Changjiang River.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP
Sediment dissolved organic matter (DOM) was collected in November 2018 from Lake Dongping, China. The lake was divided into the entrance of the Dawen River, the open region of the lake, the tourism ...district and the macrophyte-dominated region based on principal component analysis (PCA) of 9 DOM-related parameters. Multispectroscopic tools were used to investigate the binding of zinc (Zn) with four kinds of DOM collected from the entrance of the Dawen River (EDOM), the open area of the lake (ODOM), the macrophyte-dominated area (mainly dominated by Potamogeton crispus L.) (PDOM) and the tourism district (TDOM). Three fluorescent components, the humic-like (components 1 and 3) and protein-like (component 2) components, were found by excitation-emission matrix spectra with parallel factor analysis. The EDOM, ODOM and TDOM were controlled by protein-like components, and the PDOM was controlled by humic-like components. Different components respond differently to Zn addition. The binding order of the tyrosine-like fraction > the tryptophan fraction > the humic-like fraction was identified by Synchronous fluorescence (SF) spectra and two-dimensional correlation spectroscopy (2D-COS). The fluorescence intensity of the protein-like component was suppressed, and the humic-like component was enhanced with the addition of Zn. The effective quenching constants (log K) of the protein-like component in PDOM were clearly higher than those in the EDOM, ODOM and TDOM, indicating higher metal binding potential in PDOM than in other kinds of DOM in Lake Dongping. The %Fmax (the amounts of each component measured as % of the total fluorescence maxima for the three components) of the humic-like components exhibited a gradual increase in all kinds of DOM with the addition of Zn, suggesting that the addition of Zn increased the humification of DOM.
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•Different Zn-DOM binding affinities in different lake regions were investigated.•Lake Dongping was divided into four regions based on PCA.•Protein-like component was quenched and humic-like component was released with Zn addition.•The interaction of Zn with PDOM was stronger than with EDOM, ODOM and TDOM.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP
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