Dostojanstvo predstavlja najuzvišeniju vrijednost ljudske osobe i njezinu transcendentnu vlastitost. Nastojeći što cjelovitije obuhvatiti kompleksan pojam dostojanstva, članak u svome prvom naslovu ...polazi od interdisciplinarnog prezentiranja dostojanstva kroz filozofsko, teološko i bioetičko utemeljenje, koja nailaze na određena vrijednosna odstupanja s obzirom na njegovu univerzalnost i normativnost. Stoga se u drugom naslovu ukazuje i na nužnost pravne zaštite ljudskog dostojanstva u sklopu neotuđivih ljudskih prava. U završnom se naslovu nastoje integrirati prethodna dva, promatrajući dostojanstvo iz perspektive kršćanske personalističke antropologije, naglašavajući proistjecanje čovjekova dostojanstva, prije svega, na temelju stvorenosti čovjeka na sliku Božju, utemeljujući ga na integralnoj antropologiji koja čovjeka promatra u holističkoj objedinjenosti duha i tijela, na temelju čega proizlazi i njegova dimenzija svetosti, koja snažno afirmira čovjekovu dostojanstvenu nepovredivost, posebnim protektivnim naglascima iz perspektive Crkvenog učiteljstva.
Dignity represents the supreme value of human being and his/her transcendental distinctiveness. Trying to cover the complex idea of dignity as fully as possible, the first part of the article starts from interdisciplinary presentation of dignity through philosophical, theological and bioethical foundation, which encounter certain value aberrations in view of its universality and normativity. Therefore, in the second part, the article points out the necessity of the person’s legal protection as part of inalienable human rights. The final part seeks to integrate the previous two, observing dignity from the perspective of Christian personalistic anthropology, emphasizing that the emergence of human dignity is primarily based on the creation of man in the image of God, founding it on the integral anthropology which observes man in the holistic unity of spirit and body. On this basis, the human dimension of holiness is also derived, which strongly affirms the inviolability of human dignity, with special protective emphases from the perspective of the Church Magisterium.
Children and children’s rights are an extremely important topic in the scientific research and practical field of communication sciences, psychology, and theological considerations. This topic is the ...main focus of the universal service of religious and international institutions and associations, while legislative and legal frameworks are created every year, protecting children and their general existence in the world, advocating equality. Thus, in 2017, two very important declarations were accepted: the Panama Declaration and the Rome Declaration. This paper will address the topic of children and children’s rights in the light of communication sciences, theology, and psychology, together with relevant documents, and will analyze different approaches to these declarations. The contribution of this paper is a comprehensive presentation of the topic of children’s rights through the prism of these declarations, which is also the first analysis of these two declarations that protect children’s rights and dignity, and a safer future at an international level.
Autori u radu iznose analitičko-povijesni pregled zauzimanja Crkve i obitelji u promicanju i zaštiti života. Najprije navode Drugi vatikanski koncil kao izvor koji je dao snažne poticanje za ...promicanje dostojanstva braka i obitelji i za zaštitu ljudskoga života. U nastavku predstavljaju, a na tragu koncilskih smjernica, nauk postkoncilskih papa sve do naših dana koji su se snažno zauzimali za zaštitu ljudskoga života od začeća do prirodne smrti te za promicanje i očuvanje dostojanstva braka i obitelji, promičući istovremeno vrijednosti koje iz toga proistječu. Ljudski život nepovrediva je vrijednost budući da u kršćanskom razumijevanju čovjeka njegova svetost i dužnost zaštite proizlaze iz činjenice da je stvoren na Božju sliku i priliku (usp. Post 1, 27). Bog je čovjeka stvorio slobodna i pozvao ga je na suradnički odnos u svijetu. Taj odnos upravo je poziv na odgovornost prema ljudskom životu pojedincima i ustanovama koje su dužne štititi i promicati ljudski život.
Autori, stoga, u radu ističu važnost navještaja kršćanske vizije braka i obitelji povezane s prenošenjem i zaštitom ljudskog života u crkvenome pastoralnom djelovanju. Naglašavaju da Crkva kao brižna majka u svijest doziva temeljnu istinu o pozivu i poslanju obitelji kao svetištu života, upravo kao istinskome izvoru iz kojega se rađa život i kao školi potpunije čovječnosti. Poziv Crkve i obitelji u suvremenom svijetu jest promicanje kulture života, svetosti i nepovredivosti ljudskoga života u svim njegovim fazama razvoja. Iako je Crkva svjesna brojnih opasnosti koje danas prijete ljudskome životu, ona ipak ne prestaje buditi nadu i pozivati sve na odgovornost u promicanju i zaštiti ljudskog života.
In this work the authors expound on the historical and analytical synapsis of the Church’s advocation of the protection of life. First and foremost, they present the Second Vatican Council as the source which encourages the promotion of the dignity of marriage and family as well as the protection of human life. Next they present, on the basis of Council guidelines, the teaching of postconciliar popes up until and including our times who have strongly advocated for the protection of life from conception until natural death as well as the promotion and protection of the dignity of marriage and family, while at the same time promoting the values which flow from those principles. Human life is an unalienable greatness due do the Christian understanding that mans’ sacredness and right to life proceed from the fact that he is created in God’s image (Gen 1, 27). God created man with a free will and calls him to cooperate with him in the world. That relationship carries with it a call to responsibility toward human life and the institutions set up in order to protect and promote human life. The authors, then, highlight the importance of the proclamation of the Christian view of marriage and family connected with the communication and protection of human life in the pastoral activities of the Church. The authors accent the fact that the Church, as a caring mother, recalls into the conscience the basic truth of the vocation and mission of the family as the shrine of life, as well as the true fount from which life if born, and the true school of fuller humanity. The vocation of the Church as well as the family in our time is the promotion of the culture of life, namely the sanctity and invulnerability of human life in all its phases. Although the Church is aware of the many dangers which threaten life in our modern times, she still does not stop arousing hope, and calling everyone to the promotion and protection of human life.
U radu je prikazan napredak crkvenog učenja o pitanju smrtne kazne u vrijeme trojice posljednjih papa. Premda je tek uredbom pape Franje smrtna kazna proglašena definitivno nedopustivom zbog ...nepovredivosti dostojanstva čovjeka i prava na život, učenje i istupi njegovih prethodnika Ivana Pavla II. i Benedikta XVI. potvrđuju jednak stav. Svakako, primjetan je razvoj shvaćanja u izmjenama članaka 2266 i 2267 Katekizma Katoličke Crkve, kako bi se bolje sačuvao i izložio dragocjeni polog kršćanskog nauka, a za koji je potrebno sazrijevanje vremena. U skladu s apostolskom konstitucijom Fidei depositum, kojom je sam Katekizam odobren 1992. godine trojica su papa u ovom pitanju vjerno stajali na braniku čovjekova dostojanstva, izlažući nauk na temelju Objave, Svetoga pisma i Crkvene predaje, nastojeći osvjetlati svjetlom vjere nove prilike i poimanja suvremenog društva.
The paper presents the progress of church teaching on the issue of death penalty at the time of the last three popes. Although it was only with the ordinance of Pope Francis that the death penalty was defi nitely declared inadmissible for the inviolability of the dignity of man and the right to life, the teaching and declarations of his predecessors John Paul II and Benedict XVI confirm the same attitude. Certainly, the development of understanding the issue is evident in the Amendments to Articles 2266 and 2267 of the Catechism of the Catholic Church, made with the aim of preserving and exhibiting the valuable deposit of Christian teaching, which takes time to mature. In accordance with the Apostolic Constitution Fidei Depositum, by which the Catechism itself was approved in 1992, the three popes have faithfully stood in defence of man’s dignity in this matter, exposing the doctrine based on the Revelation, the Scriptures, and the Church Tradition, striving to illuminate with the light of faith the new circumstances and perceptions of contemporary society.
U radu se nastoji utvrditi odnos bioetike i biopolitike u kontekstu osoba starije životne dobi. Iako starenje po sebi i nije fenomen, ipak se kao fenomen ističe odnos prema osobama starije životne ...dobi. S obzirom na to da iste nerijetko gube svoje psihofizičke sposobnosti i suočavaju se s vlastitim ograničenjima, neminovno se suočavaju i s vrijednosnim sustavom i odnosom društva. U tom smislu biopolitika očituje se kao snaga i moć koja je sposobna svojim instrumentima preobraziti i oblikovati novu kulturu, međutim ne samostalnim radom, već je dužna osloniti se na pomoć bioetike, čiji je temeljni predmet odnos spram ljudskoga dostojanstva, života i zdravlja. Nasuprot kulturi materijalizma i konzumerizma bioetika ima zadatak iznova probuditi u suvremenom društvu smisao i vrijednost ljudske naravi kao baze etičnosti i zdrave biopolitike radi razvijanja svijesti o krjepostima kao dijelu naravi ljudske osobe. Time se etika krjeposti želi istaknuti kao nova paradigma biopolitike jer odgovara onom izvornom i iskonskom ljudskom
Zaštita dostojanstva Kožina, Karlo
JAHR (Rijeka ),
2018, Volume:
9, Issue:
2
Journal Article, Paper
Peer reviewed
Open access
U radu se propituje postupak medicinski pomognute oplodnje, njezino zakonsko uređenje u hrvatskom pravnom poretku te, posebno, zaštita dostojanstava u tom postupku. Autor problematizira pitanje ...postojanja eugenike u Zakonu o medicinski pomognutoj oplodnji te nudi moguće odgovore. Određujući pojam ljudskog dostojanstva nudi vlastitu definiciju tog pojma, uzimajući pritom u obzir i druga poimanja. U središtu autorova interesa prikazati je i pokazati svezu između preimplantacijske genetske dijagnostike (PGD) i eugenike. Najzad, autor nudi moguće odgovore iz bioetičke ali i pravne perspektive na problematiku koja proizlazi iz zakonskog uređenja medicinski pomognute oplodnje u Republici Hrvatskoj.
In this paper the author explores a method of in vitro fertilization, its legal regulation in the Croatian legal system, and especially the protection of dignity in this process. The author discusses the question of the existence of eugenics in the Croatian legislation and offers possible answers. Defining the concept of human dignity, the author offers its own definition of the term, considering also other understandings. The focus of author’s interest is the relation between preimplantation genetic diagnostic (PGD) and eugenics. Finally, the author offers possible answers from bioethics but also legal perspective on the issues arising from the legal regulation of in vitro fertilization in Croatia.
Conscience plays a major role in the moral observance of our personal, religious and professional lives. Being conscientious in the gifted freedom of action and moral responsibility of committing to ...act rightly in a conformist society with prevailing pluralistic bio/ethical beliefs, exposes us to many existential struggles to persevere in this conscientious conduct. This is especially evident in the application of numerous scientific advances in clinical practice, which opens a space for conflicting situations, by participating in scientific research, diagnostic and therapeutic procedures and interventions that are not in line with the moral conscience of the individual, where pragmatic goals conflict with medical ethics, the protection of human rights and dignity of life, which consequently requires: the preservation of conscientious commitment, the appeal of conscience. For the appeal of conscience to be morally grounded, it is necessary to become more familiar with the etymological and moral definition of conscience in the context of theological doctrine, to respect bio-legal determinants in ethical and professional principles that affirm the freedom of thought, conscience and religion as fundamental human rights, guaranteed by international documents and codes of medical ethics and deontology. Their joint initiatives support the moral responsibility of conscientious conduct which requires respect for the dignity, inviolability and sanctity of human life, which are particularly prominent in the perspective of Christian anthropology, moral theology and personalistic bioethics.
SAŽETAK: Izvješća državnih institucija i sudska praksa u Hrvatskoj dokazuju da radni uvjeti odstupaju od normativnog sadržaja temeljnog prava radnika Europske unije (EU), a time i radnika u ...Hrvatskoj, na poštene i pravične radne uvjete u kojima se čuvaju zdravlje, sigurnost i dostojanstvo radnika. To pravo utvrđeno je Poveljom o temeljnim pravima EU-a. Povremeno se u Hrvatskoj predlaže donošenje posebnog zakona o mobbingu koji prijedlog više nije relevantan jer je zaštita radnika od maltretiranja na radu osigurana Zakonom o zaštiti na radu i Pravilnikom o izradi procjene rizika. Normativni sadržaj prava, obveza i odgovornosti subjekata radnog odnosa u vezi s rizikom od maltretiranja na radu i u vezi s radom proizlazi iz pravnih pravila zakona i podzakonskih propisa. Ti propisi doneseni su zbog provedbe pravne stečevine EU-a, pa ih treba tumačiti u skladu s obveznim tumačenjima institucija EU-a, osobito praksom Suda EU-a. Uvažavati treba i obveze Hrvatske iz međunarodnih ugovora Ujedinjenih naroda i Vijeća Europe te praksu njihovih stalnih tijela koja prate primjenu tih ugovora u državama članicama koje obvezuju. Tumačenje mora biti široko, jer dostojanstvo, zdravlje i sigurnost radnika treba štititi ne samo od diskriminatornih ponašanja na radu i u vezi s radom, već od svih loših neželjenih ponašanja koja mogu štetiti navedenim pravima osobnosti.
SUMMARY: Reports published by Croatian state institutions and evidence furnished by the courts indicate that working conditions in Croatia do not meet the standards set out in the fundamental right of employees in the EU and Croatia to fair and legal working conditions that guarantee health, safety and dignity. This right is expressly stipulated in the EU Fundamental Rights Charter. Repeated proposal has been made in Croatia to pass a special act on mobbing, but the proposal is no longer relevant after employee protection against mobbing at work has been ensured by the Safety at Work Act and Regulations on Risk Assessment. Normative content of the rights, obligations and responsibilities of the parties in labour relations regarding the risk of mistreatment at work is stipulated in the relevant laws, by-laws and regulations. This legislation has been passed in order to implement EU legislation and should therefore be interpreted in accordance with the interpretations used by EU institutions and, especially, by EU Court of Justice. Croatia must also respect the obligations issuing from international agreements of the United Nations and the Council of Europe as well as the practice of their permanent bodies appointed to monitor these agreements in the member states. Interpretation must be broad in scope, so that dignity, health and safety at work are protected not only from discriminatory behaviours at work and in connection with work but also from improper and undesired behaviours that may violate the guaranteed personal rights.
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IZUM, KILJ, NUK, ODKLJ, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, UL, UM, UPUK
Božje milosrđe prema naučavanju pape Ivana Pavla II. je očitovanje Božjega čovjekoljublja u povijesnoj i eshatološkoj stvarnosti čovjeka. Pri tom povijesna stvarnost obuhvaća situaciju palog čovjeka, ...obilježenu grijehom i smrću, ali i očitovanje neizmjerne Očeve milosrdne ljubavi u čovjeku Isusu iz Nazareta. Tako očitovana ljubav korjenito mijenja povijesti grijeha u povijest spasenja. Eshatološka stvarnost je istina koja živi “već sad” u vremenu Crkve, ali i pretpostavlja “još ne” konačnog ostvarenja čovjekove bogolikosti (kristolikosti) u baštini milosrđa - vječnom gledanju Boga licem u lice. Tim pitanjima prožeo je papa Ivan Pavao II. svoj cijeli pontifikat. Za njega je osobito bitna točka susreta Božje ljubavi i čovječanstva, koja se događa u istini o dostojanstvu čovjeka kao slike Božje, čiji iskon objavljuje Kristovo utjelovljenje, a njegova otkupiteljska žrtva konačnu eshatološku proslavu. U tom je smislu Božje milosrđe, čije lice pokazuje Isus Krist, za Ivana Pavla II. most Božje ljubavi između iskona i vječnosti.
Uvod: U suvremenoj medicini razodjevenost, odnosno izlaganje tijela tijekom operacijskih zahvata postaje ključna tema izazivajući kompleksne emocionalne odgovore kod pacijenata. Emocionalni aspekti ...povezani s privatnošću, dostojanstvom i autonomijom zahtijevaju dublje razumijevanje da bi se oblikovale prakse koje osiguravaju medicinsku učinkovitost i emocionalno blagostanje pacijenata. Metode: Istraživanje je provedeno putem online ankete kako bi se prikupila iskustva osoba koje su imale operacijske zahvate. Sudjelovalo je ukupno 200 ispitanika, od kojih je 141 žena i 59 muškaraca, a istraživanje je obuhvatilo pitanja o emocionalnom stanju, privatnosti, osjećaju srama, poštovanju digniteta te stavovima o pripremi i komunikaciji s medicinskim osobljem. Rezultati: Rezultati istraživanja o emocionalnom stanju pacijenata prije operacijskih zahvata pokazuju da 58 % ispitanika izražava zabrinutost, 24 % njih osjeća sigurnost, dok 11 % ispitanika pokazuje ravnodušnost. Ukupno 55 % ispitanika doživljava visok stupanj srama tijekom priprema za operacijski zahvat. Nakon provedbe zahvata, 50 % pacijenata izražava osjećaj srama, 24 % osjeća anksioznost, dok 7 % njih doživljava olakšanje. Procjena privatnosti tijekom priprema pokazuje da 55 % pacijenata doživljava nisku razinu privatnosti. Pacijenti ocjenjuju komunikaciju o privatnosti prije operacijskog zahvata različito, pri čemu 28 % njih smatra da je jasna, dok 35 % ispitanika nije percipiralo komunikaciju o privatnosti. Glavni prijedlozi pacijenata za poboljšanje privatnosti uključuju veću upotrebu paravana (32 %) te dodatnu edukaciju medicinskog osoblja u segmentu održavanja privatnosti (28 %). Zaključak: Istraživanje ukazuje na važnost socijalne podrške te dosljednog informiranja pacijenata kako bi se poboljšala njihova priprema i razumijevanje emotivnih izazova. Navedeni koraci predstavljaju temelje za prilagodbu medicinskih praksi s ciljem očuvanja pacijentova emocionalnog blagostanja, čime se istovremeno jača povjerenje u medicinsko osoblje i sigurnost u procesu liječenja.
Introduction: In modern medicine, the issue of undressing or exposing the body during surgical procedures has become a crucial topic, eliciting complex emotional responses from patients. The emotional aspects related to privacy, dignity, and autonomy require a deeper understanding to shape practices that ensure both medical effectiveness and the emotional well-being of patients. Methods: The research was conducted through an online survey to gather experiences from individuals who had undergone surgical procedures. A total of 200 participants took part, including 141 women and 59 men. The study covered questions about emotional state, privacy, feelings of shame, dignity respect, and attitudes toward preparation and communication with medical staff. Results: Research results regarding patients' emotional states before surgical procedures show that 58% express concern, 24% feel secure, and 11% of them show indifference. A total of 55% of respondents experience a high degree of shame during preparations for the surgical procedure. After the procedure, 50% of patients express a sense of shame, 24% feel anxiety and 7% of them experience relief. Evaluation of privacy during preparations shows that 55% of patients experience a low level of privacy. Patients assess communication about privacy before the surgical procedure diversely, with 28% finding it clear, while 35% of them did not perceive communication on the subject. Patients' main suggestions for improving privacy include increased use of screens (32%) and additional education for medical staff on maintaining privacy (28%). Conclusion: The research emphasizes the importance of social support and consistent patient information to enhance their preparation and understanding of emotional challenges. These steps lay the groundwork for adapting medical practices to preserve patients' emotional well-being, simultaneously strengthening trust and security in the treatment process.
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