Organic additives from plant and animal extracts were commonly used in lime mortar in the past to improve and modify its properties. In modern times, they have been replaced by inorganic additives. ...The objective of this research is to investigate the influence of fish animal glue and the role of the filler particle size distribution on the fresh and hardened properties and durability of lime grouts. Wet density, water retention, fluidity, and injectability were tested in the fresh state. It was found that the particle size distribution of the selected filler, which can increase the packing density of the solid particles of the grout, and the W/B ratio have a great influence on water retention and fluidity. In the hardened state, porosity and compressive and splitting tensile strength were evaluated on 90-day- and 365-day-old specimens. The presence of animal glue improved the mechanical properties, due to a higher carbonation rate. The combination of the two fillers that resulted in a better packing of filler particles decreased the splitting tensile strength of the grout. To investigate the durability of the selected grouts, adhesion strength was measured on disc-sandwich models after non-accelerated and accelerated aging. The results show that the adhesive strength of grouts aged under laboratory conditions is lower than that of grouts subjected to accelerated aging.
Dry hydrated lime is an air binder often used in architectural injection grouts. This study compared the influences of three commercially available dry hydrated limes on the injection grouts’ ...workability and mechanical properties. The main differences between the limes were in their chemical and mineralogical composition and Blaine specific surface area. The grouts were composed of dry hydrated lime, finely ground limestone filler, water, and super plasticiser. Subsequent results obtained revealed that the Blaine specific surface area is not directly related to the fresh grout properties. Grain size distribution and shape of lime particles and their aggregates in the water suspension are key parameters influencing the following fresh grout properties: fluidity, injectability, the mixture’s stability, and water retention capacity. However, the lime injection grouts’ mechanical strengths were higher in relation to an increase in the content of portlandite and the Blaine specific surface area of the dry hydrate.
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IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, UL, UM, UPUK
Differences in the texture, mineralogy, hygric and mechanical properties of mortars prepared with dry hydrated limes of calcitic and dolomitic composition are investigated in this work. Special ...attention is given to the influence of the lime microstructure and the mortars curing condition. The effect of using two different aggregates (natural and crushed of calcitic and siliceous composition) is also examined. Results showed that the use of dolomitic lime is not recommendable if mortars are applied in dry areas since, under these conditions, a great shrinkage occurs and no strength improvement is induced. Moreover, dolomitic mortars presented a pore network that negatively affects the water transfer properties. On the contrary, calcitic mortars present higher carbonation degree and better physical–mechanical properties. Finally, the use of a calcareous aggregate is preferred because it produces better cohesion in the mortar.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK
With increasing attention on the reduction of CO2 emissions, the sustainability of construction materials has become one of the most growing issues in concrete science and engineering research ...fields. New sustainable construction materials, such as alkali-activated materials, calcium sulfoaluminate (CSA) cement, and limestone calcined clay cement (LC3), have been suggested and high-performance and/or highly durable construction materials using special admixtures, such as nanomaterials, have been studied to reduce the environmental impact during the life cycle of construction materials.This Special Issue aims to highlight and share recent findings in developing new sustainable cementitious materials, modeling their hydration kinetics, investigating their microstructure, improving the performance and durability of cementitious materials using functional supplementary ingredients, suggesting novel test methods for new construction materials, etc. In this Special Issue are presented the following areas:Sustainable concrete and alternative binders;Hydration kinetics of sustainable cementitious materials;Characterization of sustainable cementitious materials;Re-utilization of industrial by-products for construction materials;High strength and durable cementitious materials;Property enhancement by functional additives;Energy storage through construction materials.
International bibliography on conservation usually refers that mortars made with lime putty with long extinction periods behave better than others made with the current dry hydrated limes. In order ...to evaluate this assess, an experimental study of lime mortars was carried out, using dry hydrated lime and two lime putties. It becomes clear that the use of lime putties with long extinction periods in mortars allow better performances, particularly in applicability and resistance to sulphates.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK
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