BACKGROUND: Physical activity is an extremely important part of diet and carries a number of health-promoting benefits towards health. A distinction is made between exercise-related physical activity ...and spontaneous physical activity. The diet of school-aged children is of particular importance, due to the development of the body. The consequence of low physical activity with an inadequate diet generates the development of various diseases. Purpose: The purpose of this study is to evaluate the impact of physical activity on the body weight of students of elementary schools 1 and 2 in Radzionków. Material and methods: The study included 260 students of grades I-VIII of Elementary Schools Nos. 1 and 2 in Radzionków. A proprietary questionnaire addressed to the parents of the students containing questions about the students' anthropometric measurements, physical activity and eating habits was used to conduct the study. Results: Physical activity is at a high level. Most children had a normal body weight. Among the students surveyed, 71% indicated that they mainly spend their free time in active form. Students participate in swimming classes in the greatest number. Several times a week (55%) children attend extra-curricular activities. Consumption of sweets and fast food is at a low level. Eating the recommended daily serving of fruits and vegetables affects only 43% of children. Among the most commonly consumed beverages, 84% of children choose water at 1-1.5 liters per day. Conclusions: A significant part of the study group has a normal body weight, so it can be assumed that physical activity combined with appropriate eating habits has a health-promoting effect on body weight.
Objective: The study identified important stressors associated with depressive symptoms in college students across the subgroups of gender and domestic/international status, and compared ...between-group differences across stress levels. Participants: Data were collected from 631 undergraduate students from October 2014 to March 2015. Methods: Participants completed an online survey containing measures of stressors (Student-Stress-Survey), depressive symptoms (CES-D scale), and demographics. Results: The mean CES-D score (16.24) of sample indicated high depressive symptoms. International students reported higher depressive symptoms than domestic students and students identifying as female showed higher depression symptoms than male. Eight most frequently occurring stressors experienced by over 50% of the sample were identified as important; differences in stress levels across gender and domestic/international status were discussed. Conclusions: This renewed look reinforced that tailored and sustained efforts are needed to address the continued prevalence of different stressors and associated depressive symptoms faced by college students on US campuses.
Full text
Available for:
DOBA, FSPLJ, IJS, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, OILJ, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK, VSZLJ
In the present study, we explored how individual differences in the tendency to mind-wander are related to unhealthy eating behaviours (i.e., eating habits and eating-disorder symptoms). Given that ...eating-disorders are associated with inhibition (extreme control) and impulsivity (a lack of control), we were interested in how unhealthy eating behaviours might relate to both spontaneous mind-wandering, which is often construed as a failure of executive control, and deliberate mind-wandering, which is thought to occur via controlled processes. To ensure that any observed relations were not driven by self-control, we also measured and statistically controlled for this variable. In a large, non-clinical sample (N = 2328), regression analyses predicting each of the eating measures with self-control, spontaneous mind-wandering, and deliberate mind-wandering revealed that self-control and spontaneous mind-wandering were significantly positively predictive of unhealthy eating behaviours, whereas deliberate mind-wandering did not significantly predict these measures. These findings suggest that spontaneous, but not deliberate, mind-wandering has a robust unique relation with unhealthy eating behaviours, even when controlling for self-control.
Full text
Available for:
GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP
Background: Studies of single nutrients on depression have produced inconsistent results, and they have failed to consider the complex interactions between nutrients. An increasing number of studies ...in recent years are investigating the association of overall dietary patterns and depression.Objective: This study aimed to systematically review current literature and conduct meta-analyses of studies addressing the association between dietary patterns and depression.Design: Six electronic databases were searched for articles published up to August 2013 that examined the association of total diet and depression among adults. Only studies considered methodologically rigorous were included. Two independent reviewers completed study selection, quality rating, and data extraction. Effect sizes of eligible studies were pooled by using random-effects models. A summary of the findings was presented for studies that could not be meta-analyzed.Results: A total of 21 studies were identified. Results from 13 observational studies were pooled. Two dietary patterns were identified. The healthy diet pattern was significantly associated with a reduced odds of depression (OR: 0.84; 95% CI: 0.76, 0.92; P < 0.001). No statistically significant association was observed between the Western diet and depression (OR: 1.17; 95% CI: 0.97, 1.68; P = 0.094); however, the studies were too few for a precise estimate of this effect.Conclusions: The results suggest that high intakes of fruit, vegetables, fish, and whole grains may be associated with a reduced depression risk. However, more high-quality randomized controlled trials and cohort studies are needed to confirm this finding, specifically the temporal sequence of this association.
Full text
Available for:
CMK, GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP
Graphical abstract Highlights ► Humans lack the biosynthetic capacity for most vitamins. ► Vitamins must thus be provided exogenously by nutritionally balanced diets. ► Members of the human gut ...microbiota can supply their host with microbially synthesized vitamins. ► Fermented milks with high levels of B-group vitamins can be produced by lactic acid.
Full text
Available for:
GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK
•Dysfunctional eating behaviors are present during the pandemic.•Dysfunctional eating behaviors were associated with a negative body image.•Cognitive restraint was associated with a healthy lifestyle ...and eating habits.•Emotional eating and uncontrolled eating were associated with unhealthy lifestyles and eating habits.•The cycle of restriction and disinhibition can lead to unhealthy food consumption.
The objective of this study was to analyze the factors associated with Cognitive Restraint, Emotional Eating, and Uncontrolled Eating behaviors with perceptions of life habits, body image, eating habits, and food consumption during the COVID-19 pandemic. Sociodemographic data, eating behavior, perceptions about life and eating habits, body image, and food consumption were collected. Factors associated with each of the three eating behaviors were accessed through three multiple linear regressions controlled for age, sex, BMI, education level, and monthly income. Cognitive restraint was associated with being active during the pandemic (β = 5.85), attempted weight loss (β = 11.89), perception of overweight (β = 9.10), better eating habits in the pandemic (β = 6.55), and decreased consumption of refined cereals (β = 5.60) and fast foods (β = 8.23). Emotional eating was associated with increased stress during the pandemic (β = 7.10), worse sleep (β = 4.74), body dissatisfaction (β = 4.85), perception of overweight (β = 7.45), attempted weight loss (β = 4.19), increase in the amount of food consumed (β = 9.34), increased food delivery purchase (β = 5.13), increase in consumption of sweets and desserts (β = 7.17) and reduction in consumption of vegetables (β=- 5.26). Uncontrolled eating was associated with working>8 h/day (β = 4.04), increased stress during the pandemic (β = 3.65), body dissatisfaction (β = 6.59), worse eating habits in the pandemic (β = 5.21), and an increase in the amount of food consumed (β = 8.73). Cognitive restraint behavior was associated with healthy life habits and negative body image variables. In contrast, emotional eating and uncontrolled eating were associated with negative body image and unhealthy eating habits.
Full text
Available for:
GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP
Background
Within a paternalistic culture where weight is socially important and parental pressures are strong, 10 female Indian university students across various countries faced particular problems ...when living with their parents during the Covid‐19 lockdowns.
Objective
The current interview study examines why cultural and familial factors during the Covid‐19 lockdown had such an impact on female Indian university students' food and exercise behaviors and self‐view.
Method
Semi‐structured, online (Microsoft Teams) interviews were conducted with 10 female Indian university students aged 20–23, who had moved back in with their parents during lockdown. The recorded and transcribed interviews were analyzed using reflexive thematic analysis with a contextualist orientation.
Results
Five themes were generated. Set within a context where eating and exercise habits are regulated by cultural and familial factors (Theme 1), lockdown living situations amplified these factors (Theme 2), severely impacting students' cognitions and affect (Theme 3), and relationships with their parents (Theme 4) even after lockdown was over. Participants' experiences led to greater awareness and motivation to confront their issues regarding body image and mental health (Theme 5).
Conclusions
These findings have practical implications for counseling and eating disorder (ED) therapy in universities: Improved understanding of cultural and familial factors that affect female Indian students likely leads to better support. Our findings also emphasizes the need for research into the role of family and the impacts of family dynamics in the development of disordered eating habits.
Public Significance
In Indian culture, eating and exercise habits tend to be regulated by cultural and familial factors. When female university students moved back in with their parents during the Covid‐19 lockdowns, their living situation amplified these factors, severely impacting students' thoughts and feelings about their body, and relationships with their parents even after lockdown was over. The study has strong practical implications for university counseling settings and adds to research on the role of culture in how ED develops.
Full text
Available for:
BFBNIB, DOBA, FZAB, GIS, IJS, IZUM, KILJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBMB, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
Factors and sub-factors that drive independent elderly healthy/unhealthy food choices.
Display omitted
•Population aging is an irreversible global trend with far-reaching consequences.•Food choices ...play a key role in serene living through the elderly period of life.•A review identified the core factors driving elderly (un)healthy food choices.•Personal, social, cultural, psychological, and situational factors were presented.•37 papers were schematized applying the Mojet model.
Population aging, the epidemiological transition, and associated lifestyle changes are among the major drivers of the increased incidence and prevalence of non-communicable diseases. Preparing for change is essential to ensure progress towards achieving the goals outlined in the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development. The first step for health care providers is to build specific programs or interventions that guide healthy long-term food choices during old age. Thus, identifying and understanding the specific factors that influence the food choices of elderly adults and how these factors limit or encourage food consumption is imperative. The current review aimed to identify how personal, social, cultural, psychological, situational and intrinsic/extrinsic aspects of food guide or hinder the dietary choices of independent elderly individuals (aged 65 years and older) towards both healthy and unhealthy food choices. The search strategy followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) protocol. Thirty-seven papers satisfied the screening. Results are schematized through the Mojet model by framing all potential drivers that guide the independent elderly respectively to make healthy and less healthy choices in their diet. Findings revealed that food choices of independent older adults are shaped by a multitude of factors and sub-factors that may serve to promote or limit the desire and ability to consume a healthy food. Situational, socio-demographic, and psychological factors were the most investigated in the analysed literature, albeit with different aspects and dimensions. Future studies should extend the analysis including multiple factors and evaluate possible interactions between different dimensions. A research agenda provided insights for scholars and policymakers interested in further investigating the factors that influence food choices of this target group.
Full text
Available for:
GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP
The social distancing imposed by the COVID-19 pandemic influenced lifestyle and modified dietary patterns. Our objective was to evaluate the consumption of fruits and vegetables (FV), and ...ultra-processed foods (UPF), before and after the COVID-19 pandemic, as well as to identify the sociodemographic factors associated.
This study used data from the “Convid Adolescents”, a survey on health behaviors that were collected through an online questionnaire self-completed by 9.470 adolescents between 12 and 17 years of age during the pandemic in Brazil in 2020. Individuals were invited to participate through a chain-sampling procedure called “virtual snowballing”. Information about FV, and UPF consumption before and during the pandemic period were reported. The independent variables used were sex, age group, race/color of skin, kind of school, education level of the mother, region of Brazil, financial difficulties during the pandemic, food insecurity, and social restrictions. Logistic regression models were used.
There was a reduction in the low consumption of FV (83.5% to 80.3%) and there was no significant difference in the high consumption of UPF (38.9% to 38.1%) before and during the pandemic. The incidence of low consumption of FV and high consumption of UPF during the pandemic was 20% and 13.8%, respectively. Girls, private school adolescents, who reported having food insecurity and financial difficulties during the pandemic were the most affected subgroups.
Despite little change in the prevalence of FV and UPF consumption before and during the pandemic, the incidence of high consumption of UPF and low FV consumption was high, and it identified in specific population subgroups.
Full text
Available for:
GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP
This book brings together the results of a research focused on the quality and satisfaction on primary school canteens and, above all, on the impact they have on the eating habits of the children in ...Rimini and also their families. For many years, Rimini has been a virtuous city in the field of promoting healthy lifestyles, starting from primary school. Indeed, there are many acknowledgements obtained by Rimini school canteens for the quality of the food offered and its 'bio-respectability'. Rimini Municipality promotes the use of organic food in school canteens. A cutting-edge service that does not end at the moment of food consumption. Rimini's children present fewer eating disorders compared at the other children of the Emilia-Romagna area. Their well-being, therefore, is also analysed on the basis of 'secondary' effects such as the time of exposure to obesogenic factors that affect the future life course and the 'family space' which, through a socio-economic conditioning, affects opportunities for healthy growth. The results are encouraging, however it is crucial to maintain a high focus on this delicate and vulnerable period of life, in which it is necessary to create the context for healthy and virtuous choices that will release their effects throughout the child life.
PDF
