Elderly is the last stage of human life. Adaptation to loss and limitations in old age is influenced by previous personalities. The presence of people closest to the elderly can affect the level of ...stress and feelings of worthlessness that lead to depression. The objectives of the study analyzed the differences stress levels in the elderly who received social support from family at home and from peers in the nursing home. The design of the study was comparative study. The population was the elderly who live in nursing home and who live with their families in East Java. The sample was 60 people, divided into 2 (two) groups, each group was 30 people taken by purposive samples. The stdy was done on Malang Raya and Tresna Werdha Social Service Pandaan nursing home (East Java). The study was conducted in 2018. The instruments study used questionnaires. The data analysis used independent sample t-test. The results showed that there was no difference in the psychological condition stress level of the elderly who received social support from family at home and from peers in the nursing home with Alpha value 0.053 greater than alpha 0.05. It is expected that families and managers of the nursing home to provide good support to the elderly so that the elderly avoid the stress.
The arrangement of systems and facilities of the home care according to the needs of the elderly is still one of the obstacles at the Griya Asih home care Lawang-Malang, so that the management of the ...home care needs assistance activities. This activity aimed to increase the active participation of the target community (caregivers at elderly home care) in overcoming health problems that arise in elderly home care. The implementation methods were: (1) Training and mentoring on the rehabilitation of the elderly and (2) Training programs and health assistance for the elderly. Service activities have been carried out well according to the target, which is indicated by an increase in knowledge of 75%. In addition, the management of the elderly home care also provides positive support which is indicated by their involvement in the implementation of activities.
Changing the words associated with the elderly category to modify the representations of old age and improve elderly care is one of the strategies advocated by many actors at local, national, and ...supranational levels. Education and training, particularly continuing education, provide ways for circulating a selected language to ensure a culture change. Based on a threefold empirical study of two major private training organisations in the field, this article explores the cognitive and social issues of such semantic changes. The analysis shows that language renovation, at the interface between activism and market rationale, has the potential to create communities and modify the trajectories of the individuals trained, while risking overlaying existing norms and terms.
Introduction: Integrated care for elderly patients is not a standard in Central European Countries (CEC). Lack of coordination between healthcare service providers and social support, and diverse ...financing has led to low effectiveness of the whole care system for elderly. Short description of practice changes implemented: "Center of Geriatric Care" project assumes development of integrated model of care for elderly patients, managed by interdisciplinary geriatric team. The essential aims are: to develop an effective, coordinated and integrated management, based on the patient-centred triangle consisting of healthcare providers - social workers – family. to educate patients and caregivers extensively with the intension of lowering deterioration and exacerbations of the underlying chronic disease. Aim and theory of change: The aim of the study is to improve the management of elderly patients, to decrease the incidence of exacerbations (especially those requiring hospitalisation), to hamper the deterioration of general health condition, and finally to reduce the cost of care. Target population and stakeholders: In the pilot study, the model of care would be delivered to 90 multimorbid elderly, recruited from three different healthcare pathways (primary care, n=30; patients with chronic heart failure, n=30; patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, n=30). In our model, existing healthcare services will be broadened by: 1- Periodic evaluation by geriatricians with use of comprehensive geriatric assessment tools. 2- Regular home visits of specially trained carers, which include monitoring of general condition, encouraging appropriate physical activity and supporting adherence to medical recommendations, alerting about significant symptoms. 3- Comprehensive rehabilitation based on regular physiotherapy. 4- Using selected, simple e-health interventions. Timeline: 24 months. Highlights (innovation, Impact and outcomes): The primary outcome of the project is to design and testing of a model of home-based integrated care, which is innovative in Poland and CEC. The expected results include improvement in functional and cognitive status and quality of life of patients, followed by decrease in general demand for medical services, especially in-hospital, and selected health economics indicators. The secondary outcome is to increase the knowledge and competencies of social workers, nurses, physiotherapists and family members on the management of elderly chronically ill patients, and to improve cooperation between these groups and medical staff. Comments on sustainability: After the pilot study, the implementation of the model, or further testing on larger population, would be a matter of discussion between team members and decision-makers on local and national level. Comments on transferability: The proposed model of care seems to be possible to implement in Polish healthcare system, as it enhances coordination between already existing institutions and local care-providing structures. Conclusions (comprising key findings): Current work on designing the model indicates, that crucial area for change is to coordinate already existing institutional structures. Discussions: Detailed conclusions would be drawn after the testing the model. Lessons learned: The work on designing the model has already resulted in the successful creation of an active network of specialists from different backgrounds and allowed sharing different scopes, how to use limited resources for the benefit of the elderly.
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IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, UL, UM, UPUK
In recent years, smart homes have gradually come into our lives and have brought many positive impacts to our lives. However, in specifically targeted application design planning, the designer ...community is not always able to consider and analyze every factor. This paper proposes an integrated nonlinear design that incorporates the KANO model as well as a mathematical model of sensible engineering coupled with design science. The application of different design solutions in different types of households is evaluated after dividing the different types of living of elderly households into specific situations. The results show that for elderly households of type 1 versus 4, scenario 2 generally has more accurate application feasibility compared to scenario 1. The maximum increase in application accuracy for Scenario 2 compared to Scenario 1 was 6.28%. However, the frequency of use decreased by 3.09%. And for elderly households of type 2 and 3, which tend to live alone, the feasibility of application of scenario 2 is similar or even worse than that of scenario 1. The improved Scenario 3 both have higher application feasibility than Scenarios 1 and 2 and has a more user-friendly visual aid to understand the design, which helps the elderly group to better use the smart home service terminal system.
Voucher markets where governments subsidise the consumers of public services to give them a free choice of service provider are implemented by public authorities as a means to reap the supposed ...benefits of competition and choice. Such voucher markets imply economic costs for the public authority in the form of transaction costs, e.g., for preparation of quality standards and information material as well as approval, coordination and supervision of providers. However, voucher markets may also affect the public authority's production costs through a competitive pressure for increased efficiency and/or by affecting the potential economies of scale for public service delivery. This article shows that in a voucher market without price competition voucher markets increase the public production costs of delivering home help services. Specifically, the larger the share of elderly persons who choose a private provider, the higher the public costs of delivering practical home help.
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BFBNIB, NUK, ODKLJ, PILJ, SAZU, UL, UM, UPUK
This study describes the development (design, construction, instrumentation, and control) of a nursing mobile robotic device to monitor vital signals in home-cared patients. The proposed device ...measures electrocardiography potentials, oxygen saturation, skin temperature, and non-invasive arterial pressure of the patient. Additionally, the nursing robot can supply assistance in the gait cycle for people who require it. The robotic device’s structural and mechanical components were built using 3D-printed techniques. The instrumentation includes electronic embedded devices and sensors to know the robot’s relative position with respect to the patient. With this information together with the available physiological measurements, the robot can work in three different scenarios: (a) in the first one, a robust control strategy regulates the mobile robot operation, including the tracking of the patient under uncertain working scenarios leading to the selection of an appropriate sequence of movements; (b) the second one helps the patients, if they need it, to perform a controlled gait-cycle during outdoors and indoors excursions; and (c) the third one verifies the state of health of the users measuring their vital signs. A graphical user interface (GUI) collects, processes, and displays the information acquired by the bioelectrical amplifiers and signal processing systems. Moreover, it allows easy interaction between the nursing robot, the patients, and the physician. The proposed design has been tested with five volunteers showing efficient assistance for primary health care.
Graphical Abstract
Main stages of the home-care nursing controlled mobile robot
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CEKLJ, DOBA, EMUNI, FIS, FZAB, GEOZS, GIS, IJS, IMTLJ, IZUM, KILJ, KISLJ, MFDPS, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, SBMB, SBNM, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK, VKSCE, VSZLJ, ZAGLJ
Family caregivers play a crucial role in providing physical, emotional, and social support to the elderly, allowing them to maintain their independence and stay in their preferred living environment. ...However, family caregivers face numerous challenges and require specific knowledge and skills to provide effective care. Therefore, understanding the knowledge and skills required for effective family caregiving in elderly home care is vital to support both the caregivers and the elderly recipients.
The research was carried out in Mekelle City, Ethiopia, utilizing the phenomenology study design and purposive sampling technique. A total of twenty-two in-depth interviews were conducted. Individuals with experience in providing care for elderly people in their homes were targeted. Data was gathered through the use of an open-ended guide, transcribed word-for-word, inputted into ATLAS.ti8 software, and translated. Codes and themes were then extracted from the transcribed data, and a thematic analysis was performed. To minimize personal biases, the collected data were coded independently by the data collection assistants and the PI. The analysis was carried out by authors who were not involved in the data collection process. The interviews were conducted in a quiet place.
A total of 22 in-depth interviews were conducted as part of this research. The results indicated that although the participants had knowledge about common health problems experienced by older people, they were uninformed about how to manage these conditions at home and were unaware of specialized healthcare resources for the elderly. Furthermore, they had limited knowledge about suitable exercise routines, strategies to prevent falls, and home healthcare practices for older individuals. On the other hand, they exhibited a solid comprehension and awareness of abusive behaviors specifically directed at older adults.
The results emphasized the importance of enhancing education and training for family caregivers in handling elderly health issues, raising awareness about specialized healthcare services catered to the elderly, improving understanding of activities of daily living (ADLs) and fall prevention, and offering inclusive training in healthcare tasks related to elder care.
Participants should receive comprehensive education and training programs to enhance their knowledge and skills in managing these conditions. Efforts should also be made to raise awareness about the availability of geriatric hospitals or specialized nurses for the elderly. Participants need to be educated about suitable exercise routines for the elderly and fall prevention strategies. Healthcare skills training is also necessary for participants, focusing on activities such as wound dressing, vital sign monitoring, and establishing a specific schedule for changing positions.
Objective: single-camera-based gait monitoring is unobtrusive, inexpensive, and easy-to-use to monitor daily gait of seniors in their homes. However, most studies require subjects to walk ...perpendicularly to camera's optical axis or along some specified routes, which limits its application in elderly home monitoring. To build unconstrained monitoring environments, we propose a method to measure step length symmetry ratio (a useful gait parameter representing gait symmetry without significant relationship with age) from unconstrained straight walking using a single camera, without strict restrictions on walking directions or routes. Methods: according to projective geometry theory, we first develop a calculation formula of step length ratio for the case of unconstrained straight-line walking. Then, to adapt to general cases, we propose to modify noncollinear footprints, and accordingly provide general procedure for step length ratio extraction from unconstrained straight walking. Results: Our method achieves a mean absolute percentage error (MAPE) of 1.9547% for 15 subjects' normal and abnormal side-view gaits, and also obtains satisfactory MAPEs for non-side-view gaits (2.4026% for 45°-view gaits and 3.9721% for 30°-view gaits). The performance is much better than a well-established monocular gait measurement system suitable only for side-view gaits with a MAPE of 3.5538%. Conclusion: Independently of walking directions, our method can accurately estimate step length ratios from unconstrained straight walking. Significance: This demonstrates our method is applicable for elders' daily gait monitoring to provide valuable information for elderly health care, such as abnormal gait recognition, fall risk assessment, etc.
Objectives: This article aimed to study the relations of locus of control and behavioral approach/inhibition systems to general health in elderly nursing home residents in Dubai. Methods & ...Materials: In a cross-sectional study, 100 elderlies (60 male and 40 female) living in two nursing homes in Dubai were selected through categorized sampling. Participants completed the Locus of Control Scale (LCS), the Carver and Whitechr('39')s BIS/BAS Scales and the Goldbergchr('39')s General Health Questionnaire (GHQ). Data were analyzed by Pearson’s correlation and multiple regression using SPSS software V. 21. Results: The Mean±SD of the ages of the men and women were 62.10±11.08 and 61.12±10.76, respectively. Also, the Mean±SD of internal locus of control, external locus of control, behavioral activation System (BAS), Behavioral Inhibition System (BIS) and general health were 4.32±3.21, 5.51±3.98, 29.66±5.79, 8.45±5.83, and 15.08±12.64, respectively. The results showed that all BAS subscales, BIS, and internal and external locus of control were related significantly to general health (P<0.01). BAS and its subscales correlated with depression (P<0.05, P<0.01). BIS and internal and external locus of control were connected to all subscales of general health (P<0.01). Conclusion: Elderlies with external control and behavioral inhibition systems are at increased risk for mental health problems, while those with BAS and internal locus of control have a better mental health.
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