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•This study evaluates energy consumption options in France using dynamic ARDL.•Explores the impact of changes in disaggregated energy consumption on CO2 emissions.•The results show ...that nuclear energy can be a real option for France against gas supply cuts.•The KRLS approach validates the robustness of the dynamic ARDL simulations outcomes.
The study explores the influences of potential changes in energy consumption on carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions, focusing on disaggregated energy consumption sources. In this manner, the study considers France as the leading nuclear energy-consuming country in Europe, includes yearly data between 1970 and 2021, and performs the dynamic autoregressive distributed lag (DYNARDL) model. In addition, the Kernel-based regularized least squares (KRLS) is used for robustness check. The results reveal that (i) cointegration exists between the disaggregated energy consumption indicators and CO2 emissions; (ii) nuclear, natural gas, oil, and coal energy have a statistically significant effect on CO2 emissions, while renewable energy is not statistically significant; (iii) nuclear power has a decreasing effect on CO2 emissions; (iv) positive (i.e., increasing) shocks to nuclear reduce CO2 emissions, even if they are 300 % in the case of counterfactual shocks; (v) any positive (i.e., increasing) shocks to coal have a drastically increasing effect on CO2 emissions, even if they are 25 % in the case of counterfactual shocks; (vi) the KRLS approach confirms the robustness of the results. Thus, this study suggests that France should continue to rely on nuclear power for electricity generation and that French policymakers should reduce electricity exports to European Union countries to provide an alternative against the Russian natural gas shock by preventing a reduction in energy supply.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP
Over the last years renewable energy sources have increased their share on electricity generation of China due to environmental and security of supply concerns. In this work author assesses the role ...of both the amount and share of renewable energy consumption in economic welfare using Cobb–Douglas type production functions. This assessment is carried out by multivariate OLS and SPSS software for China from 1978 to 2008. Results indicate that a 1% increase in renewable energy consumption (REC) increases real GDP by 0.120%, GDP per capita by 0.162%, per capita annual income of rural households by 0.444%, and per capita annual income of urban households by 0.368% respectively; the impact of renewable energy consumption share (SREC) on economic welfare is insignificant, and an increasing share of REC negatively affects economic welfare growth to a certain extent. In this paper, the cost, structural demand, accounting mechanism and policy reasons of renewable energy development are interpreted. Marginal effects analysis show that the shape of sound and robust renewable energy institutions and policies would matter for increasing the standards of economic welfare in the context of speeding up renewable energy development and increasing share of renewable energy consumption, especially the goal-oriented policy refinement should be addressed efficiently in improvement households income while increasing share of renewable energy consumption.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK
•Energy consumption patterns classification was applied to building energy prediction.•Four energy consumption patterns were classified according to the analysis of decision tree.•Ensemble learning ...models were established to predict hourly energy consumption based on four patterns.•The value of proposed method was evaluated in different training cases.
Accurate building energy consumption prediction plays an important role in building energy management and energy policy. However, traditional prediction methods of building energy consumption fail to consider the running conditions of buildings in different periods, which results in the failure of best forecasting effect. This study presents a prediction strategy of building energy consumption based on ensemble learning and energy consumption patternclassification. Hourly meteorological data from a meteorological station and energy consumption data from an office building in New York City are used for this work. First, decision tree is employed to mining energy consumption patterns and classify energy consumption data into corresponding categories. Then, the ensemble learning method is employed to establish energy consumption prediction models for each pattern. Finally, the prediction accuracy of the proposed method is compared with other three methods, i.e., ensemble learning without energy consumption pattern classification, SVR and ANN. Also, the robustness of various methods is investigated by comparing their prediction performance under different training data amounts. Results show that there are four classified energy consumption patterns of the building and significant differences among them. The ensemble learning model with energy consumption pattern classification achieves the best prediction with 17.7%, 16.1%, 15.4%, 15.8%, 15.6% of CVRMSE under 20%, 40%, 60%, 80% and 100% data availability, respectively. It illustrates that the proposed strategy is reliable and effective. Additionally, this strategy can obtain acceptable performance with less training data, which is helpful to the application of energy consumption prediction.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP
Given that the European Union-28 countries proposed a target of 3% of the Gross Domestic Product on research and development (R&D) expenditure by 2020, the current study attempts to examine the role ...of R&D on environmental sustainability. In addition, the study further investigates the long-run and causal interaction between, renewable energy consumption, nonrenewable energy consumption, and economic growth in an ecological footprint-income function. Notably, the study incorporates research and development (R&D) expenditure to the model as an additional variable, and measures impact of each variable on ecological footprint. Empirical evidence is based on a balanced panel data between annual periods of 1997–2014 for selected EU-16 countries. The Pedroni, Johansen Multivariate and Kao tests all reveal a cointegration between ecological footprint, economic growth, research and development expenditure, renewable, and nonrenewable energy consumption. The Fully Modified and Dynamic Ordinary Least Squares models (FMOLS and DOLS) both suggest a negative significant relationship between the countries' research and development expenditure and ecological footprint in the long-run. This implies that spending on R&D significantly impacts on environmental sustainability of the panel countries. Our study affirms that nonrenewable energy consumption and economic growth increase carbon emission flaring while renewable energy consumption declines ecological footprint. The panel causality analysis reveals a feedback mechanism between ecological footprint, R&D expenditure, renewable, and nonrenewable energy consumption. We further observed a one-way causality between ecological footprint and economic growth. The current further validates that the Environmental Kuznet Curve Hypothesis (EKC) holds for this panel of EU countries examined. Effective policy implications could be drawn toward modern and environmentally friendly energy sources, especially in attaining the Sustainable Development Goals via spending on R&D.
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•The determinant of environmental sustainability in EU countries is examined.•R &D improves environmental sustainability in EU.•The Inverted U-Shaped (EKC-hypothesis) pattern is affirmed for the EU Countries.•Renewable energy consumption enhances cleaner ecosystem.•Energy portfolio diversification in EU is more urgently necessary than ever.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP
A vast body of studies estimates the impact of energy consumption on the environment. A typical empirical study either use aggregate energy consumption or apply conventional econometric techniques in ...modelling the nexus of energy, income and environment. To correct these gaps, the objective of the study is to use renewable and non-renewable energy consumption in analyzing energy-income-environment nexus, and to apply the novel Method of Moments Quantile Regression for ASEAN countries. The outcomes indicate that non-renewable energy consumption stimulate carbon emissions across all quantiles (10th to 90th), the value of the 10th quantile is 0.257 which rises to 0.501 till 90th quantile. Whereas, the renewable energy consumption leads to a decrease in CO2 emissions across all the quantiles (10th to 90th) but this association is statistically insignificant at higher quantiles from 60th to 90th. The empirical outcomes also verify the presence of the environmental Kuznets curve relationship, which is statistically significant from the middle (30th) to higher (90th) quantiles. Moreover, the finding of panel estimation approaches (FMOLS, DOLS, FE-OLS) also verify the existence of the EKC hypothesis in ASEAN countries. Their finding also describes that 1% increase in non-renewable energy consumption increase CO2 emission by 0.29%, 0.26% and 0.30% whereas 1% increase in the usage of renewable energy reduces CO2 emission by 0.17%, 0.15% and 0.17% in case of FMOLS, DOLS and FE-OLS respectively. The empirical results conclude that the government should encourage and subsidize the sources of green energy to tackle environmental degradation. More policy implications are further discussed in the study.
•The impact of income, renewable and non-renewable energy on carbon emissions is studied.•A group of ASEAN countries is covered.•A novel quantile regression approach is used for empirical analysis.•Renewable energy is an important tool to fight against increased emissions.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP
Industry and agriculture in Malaysia are the main contributors to economic growth and employment. These sectors also play an important role in Malaysia's total exports. The question then is whether ...technological innovation, sectoral output, and exports growth have had a real impact on these two sectors, which are very important for policy-making. This paper attempts to empirically identify such relations using econometric methods, including an autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) bounds testing method and a dynamic ordinary least squares (DOLS) during 1978–2018. The results confirmed that overall long-run economic growth is the main contributor to the increase in energy consumption with a greater magnitude than in the short-run. In the long-run, an increase of 1% in economic growth leads to an increase of 4.6% and 1.1% in energy demand in agriculture and industrial sectors, respectively. Exports are the second largest contributor to energy demand in the overall economy and the agriculture sector. Finally, the technological innovation that enhances energy efficiency is only effective in reducing energy consumption in the industrial sector, which ultimately reduces emissions.
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•It the relationships between energy consumption and crude oil price is investigated.•Technological innovation have negative relationships with energy consumption.•Economic growth is the main factor to energy consumption in the short- and long-runs.•The magnitude of long-run economic growth effects are greater than the short-run.•Agriculture export is the main contributor to energy consumption in the short-run.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP
Energy is the only universal currency; it is necessary for getting anything done. The conversion of energy on Earth ranges from terra-forming forces of plate tectonics to cumulative erosive effects ...of raindrops. Life on Earth depends on the photosynthetic conversion of solar energy into plant biomass. Humans have come to rely on many more energy flows -- ranging from fossil fuels to photovoltaic generation of electricity -- for their civilized existence. In this monumental history, Vaclav Smil provides a comprehensive account of how energy has shaped society, from pre-agricultural foraging societies through today's fossil fuel--driven civilization. Humans are the only species that can systematically harness energies outside their bodies, using the power of their intellect and an enormous variety of artifacts -- from the simplest tools to internal combustion engines and nuclear reactors. The epochal transition to fossil fuels affected everything: agriculture, industry, transportation, weapons, communication, economics, urbanization, quality of life, politics, and the environment. Smil describes humanity's energy eras in panoramic and interdisciplinary fashion, offering readers a magisterial overview. This book is an extensively updated and expanded version of Smil'sEnergy in World History(1994). Smil has incorporated an enormous amount of new material, reflecting the dramatic developments in energy studies over the last two decades and his own research over that time.
Brine is a hyper-saline by-product that is produced in the desalination process. This by-product has an adverse environmental impact due to its high salinity and therefore its treatment is considered ...necessary. The minimum energy consumption (MEC) has been studied in seawater desalination, but not in brine treatment. In this regard, this research study introduces a mathematical model to calculate the MEC in the desalination brine treatment. Furthermore, the actual energy consumption (AEC) of the desalination technologies is presented. In this model, various parameters, such as the recovery rate, the salinity and the temperature of the feed brine, the purity of the freshwater produced and the dissolved salt nature, are considered. The analysis revealed that the MEC increases by increasing the recovery rate, the feed brine salinity, the feed brine temperature and the purity of the freshwater produced. On the other side, the MEC decreases by increasing the molar mass of the dissolved salt. The AEC is at least two times higher than the MEC due to irreversibility. Most membrane-based technologies are less energy-intensive than thermal-based technologies; however, they cannot currently treat significantly high-saline brine as do thermal-based technologies. Future advances in materials/system designs are expected to reduce the AECs.
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•A model is developed to calculate the minimum energy consumption (MEC).•MEC increases with an increase in feed salinity, temperature and recovery rate.•An increase of 5 °C in feed temperature results in an increase of 1.6% in the MEC.•The actual energy consumption (AEC) is at least 2 times higher than the MEC.•Crystallization technologies are the most energy-intensive.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP
Our study shows that links between economic growth and energy consumption (both expressed in per capita terms) differed for renewables and non-renewables for income panels over the period 1971 to ...2011. Renewables are mainly found to support the neutrality hypothesis. Only renewable totals in low and lower middle income (LLMI) countries are found to drive economic growth. The feedback, growth and conservative hypotheses strongly feature with non-renewables (total and industrial). Our results are derived by linking different definitions of energy consumption with economic growth for 89 countries divided into LLMI; upper middle income (UMI); and high income (HI) panels.
•The feedback effect features in non-renewable and non-renewable industrial energy.•There is sign of feedback in residential energy in LLMICs.•Economic growth in LLMICs encourages industrial energy.•Economic growth boosts non-renewables in HIs and non-renewable industrial in UMICs.•Neutrality is supported by renewable industrial and residential (for all panels).
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZRSKP
Abstract Environmental degradation and energy security issues require our country to accelerate the transition of its energy consumption structure towards decarbonization. Clarifying the impact of ...the pilot trading system of peak energy use rights products on the low-carbon transformation of energy consumption structure and the path of its effect is an important policy revelation for the construction of market-based environmental rights and interests regulation. In this paper, we study the implementation effect of the pilot provinces of peak energy use right product trading from the perspective of carbon emission reduction benefit and analyze the carbon emission reduction benefit generated by the peak energy use right product according to the pilot trading situation.
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