Latin America and the Caribbean are increasingly experiencing the effects of climate change. Over the past two decades, the countries in the region have experienced as many as 1 350 natural disasters ...attributable to the climate, affecting more than 170 million people.We analysed climate risks in Latin America and the Caribbean, expanding the analysis to understand what these risks imply for the financial sector, particularly for banks. We conclude that the aggregate physical climate risk of the banking sector is the highest in the Caribbean while for transition risk the picture is more homogenous. Finally, we note that capital flows for climate projects in the Latin America and the Caribbean region have been lagging other regions in the world. Against the backdrop of considerable financing needs, the international financial community and public development banks have an important role to play to support both public and private green investments providing long-term, patient funding at affordable rates and sharing part of the risks.
As the largest and greenest multilateral lender in the world, the EIB helps economies flourish, creates jobs and promotes equality. Since 1958, the EIB has provided loans and expert advice for ...thousands of projects in over 160 countries.
This special volume collects contributions from leading scholars who scrutinize the challenges digital finance presents for the EU internal market and financial market regulation from multiple public ...policy perspectives. Author contributions aim to provide policy-relevant research and ideas shedding light on the complexities of the digital finance promise. They also offer solid proposals for reform of EU financial services law.
OSVRT NA HELIKOPTER NOVAC Novinc, Filip
Ekonomski pregled,
01/2023, Volume:
74, Issue:
6
Magazine Article, Journal Article
Open access
U vremenu prije krize i pandemije iz 2020. godine, monetarno financiranje i helikopterski novac postajali su sve popularnije teme. Budući da je helikopterski novac radikalan i kontroverzan instrument ...ekonomske politike mnogi ga ekonomisti još uvijek odbacuju, dok drugi tvrde da bi mogao biti koristan osobito gospodarstvima sa deflacijom suočenim s manjkom agregatne potražnje. Cilj ovog rada je pružiti iscrpan pregled novije literature o helikopterskom novcu i dati najopsežniji pregled studija koje uključuju njegovu učinkovitost. Ostali ciljevi uključuju raspravu o njegovim prednostima i ograničenjima, te potencijalnim problemima i rješenjima istih koja su povezana s ovim alatom. Postoje odreðeni dokazi da takva politika može djelovati protuciklički u danim uvjetima bez značajnih komplikacija. Nije pronaðen uvjerljiv dokaz da bi helikopterski novac u konačnici doveo do nekontrolirane inflacije. Potencijalni problemi koji se javljaju prije, tijekom i nakon implementacije helikopterskog novca imaju provediva rješenja. Kreatori politike imaju tehničko znanje za njegovu provedbu. Ono što nedostaje je širi konsenzus i politička volja da se mjera provede i pronaðe skup pravila i odgovornosti koji sprječavaju njezinu zlouporabu. Potrebno je više akademske i poslovne rasprave kako bi se rasvijetlile i pozitivne i negativne posljedice koje bi se mogle pojaviti provedbom ove politike, te pronaći odgovor na pitanje je li vrijeme za krenuti drugačijim putem u gospodarskoj politici budući da helikopterski novac uključuje više suradnje izmeðu monetarnih i fiskalnih vlasti i zahtijeva odreðene institucionalne promjene.
Dugotrajnost Peloponeskog rata iziskivala je stalnu prilagodbu gradovadržava kako bi nadvladali neprijatelja, što će posljedično od njih iziskivati dodatna financijska sredstva. Iako se i Atena i ...Sparta nastoje financirati vanjskim prihodima poput danka saveznika ili pljačke neprijatelja, u što treba ubrojiti porobljavanje neprijateljskih vojnika i stanovništva, važnu ulogu imat će njihovi unutarnji izvori financiranja. U ovom kontekstu, posebno je zanimljiv atenski pokušaj da potrebna sredstva namakne eisforom, proeisforom, epidosejom i diobolijom, što će u desetljećima nakon okončanja Peloponeskog rata dovesti do pravednije i sveobuhvatnije raspodjele poreznog tereta kroz uvođenje poreznih konzorcija.
The proper functioning of the EU financial market is protected by public actors, both national and supranational, who are responsible for rulemaking and for supervision of investment firms and other ...private actors. At the same time, the effectiveness of the EU legal system requires vigilance from private actors such as investment firms and their clients, who may invoke their rights before national authorities and courts. This means that investment firms have a dual role within the system, as subjects of control and enforcement, as well as agents in the maintenance of the rule of law. This book brings together a group of scholars with expertise in different legal disciplines, but a shared interest in the EU internal market and its development. It is intended to integrate a modern study of the form and function of EU rulemaking in the internal market after the financial crisis with an evaluation of core aspects of rulemaking in the financial market and, in this way, to provide a cross-cutting treatment of EU law. The book focuses on the regulatory framework in MiFID II and MiFIR, and the following thematic questions: what are the legal mechanisms for accountability, and what is the role of investment firms in the operation of those mechanisms?; what are the implications of the answers to the previous question for EU law and the EU legal system?; how do the findings contribute to the understanding of the concept of accountability?
Neprofitne organizacije i turizam Maškarin Ribarić, Helga; Đurkin Badurina, Jelena; Dadić Fruk, Lorena
Zbornik Veleučilišta u Rijeci,
2023, Volume:
11, Issue:
1
Journal Article, Paper
Peer reviewed
Open access
Stavovi dionika o turizmu često su u fokusu promatranja i praktičara i istraživača. No, dok su stavovi nekih dionika istraženi i izučavani s najrazličitijih aspekata, neki su dionici, sasvim ...neopravdano, još uvijek izvan fokusa mainstream istraživanja. Jedna od skupina tih dionika jesu i neprofitne organizacije kao ključni akteri civilnog društva. Ovim se istraživanjem u fokus stavljaju neprofitne organizacije (NPO-ovi) kao jedan od dionika turizma te se ispituju stavovi članova (preciznije: predstavnika uprave) NPO-ova o učincima turizma diferencirajući pritom NPO-ove s obzirom na grad, tj. regiju njihova djelovanja: kontinent ili priobalje. Dodatno i po istom kriteriju diferencijacije ovim se istraživanjem stavovi o učincima turizma dovode u vezu s visinom godišnjih prihoda udruge i ocjenom vlastite financijske pozicije. U tu svrhu provedeno je online anketno istraživanje na uzorku članova skupština udruga koje djeluju u najrazvijenijim priobalnim i kontinentalnim turističkim destinacijama Hrvatske. Rezultati ukazuju na signifikantne razlike u stavovima o kulturnim i ekonomskim učincima turizma, ali ne i u stavovima o ekološkim učincima turizma udruga koje djeluju u primorskim i kontinentalnim turističkim destinacijama.
Stakeholder attitudes about tourism are often the focus of observation for both practitioners andresearchers. However, while the attitudes of some stakeholders have been researched and studied froma variety of perspectives, some stakeholder groups remain unjustly absent from the focus of mainstreamresearch. One such stakeholder group is non-profit organizations as important actors in civil society.This research focuses on non-profit organizations (NPOs) as one of the stakeholders in tourism andexamines the attitudes of members (more specifically, management representatives) of NPOs towardstourism, distinguishing NPOs in relation to the city, i.e., their region: continent or coast. Furthermore,using the same differentiation criterion, this study relates attitudes toward tourism to the level of annualincome of NPOs and the assessment of their own financial situation. For this purpose, an online surveywas conducted among a sample of members of assemblies of non-profit organisations operating in themost developed coastal and continental tourism destinations in Croatia. The results show that thereare significant differences in attitudes toward the cultural and economic impacts of tourism betweenassociations operating in coastal areas and associations operating in continental areas, while there areno significant differences in attitudes toward the environmental impacts of tourism.
Money changes everything Goetzmann, William N
2016., 20170815, 2017, 2016, 2016-04-12, 2017-08-15
eBook
"A magnificent history of money and finance."--New York Times Book Review
"Convincingly makes the case that finance is a change-maker of change-makers."--Financial Times
In the aftermath of recent ...financial crises, it's easy to see finance as a wrecking ball: something that destroys fortunes and jobs, and undermines governments and banks. InMoney Changes Everything, leading financial historian William Goetzmann argues the exact opposite-that the development of finance has made the growth of civilizations possible. Goetzmann explains that finance is a time machine, a technology that allows us to move value forward and backward through time; and that this innovation has changed the very way we think about and plan for the future. He shows how finance was present at key moments in history: driving the invention of writing in ancient Mesopotamia, spurring the classical civilizations of Greece and Rome to become great empires, determining the rise and fall of dynasties in imperial China, and underwriting the trade expeditions that led Europeans to the New World. He also demonstrates how the apparatus we associate with a modern economy-stock markets, lines of credit, complex financial products, and international trade-were repeatedly developed, forgotten, and reinvented over the course of human history.
Exploring the critical role of finance over the millennia, and around the world, Goetzmann details how wondrous financial technologies and institutions-money, bonds, banks, corporations, and more-have helped urban centers to expand and cultures to flourish. And it's not done reshaping our lives, as Goetzmann considers the challenges we face in the future, such as how to use the power of finance to care for an aging and expanding population.
Money Changes Everythingpresents a fascinating look into the way that finance has steered the course of history.
U ovom radu analizira se adekvatnost postojećeg pravnog okvira u području kulture odnosno uređenja statusa, upravljanja i financiranja javnih ustanova u kulturi, posebice onih koje nisu regulirane ...posebnim zakonima. Namjera je bila u ovom radu ukazati na moguće nedostatke u postojećoj regulativi i samoregulativi, te predložiti potencijalna unaprjeđenja pravne regulative, sve u cilju uspostavljanja modernog normativnog okvira za poboljšanje uvjeta upravljanja i financiranja javnih ustanova u kulturi u Republici Hrvatskoj. Posebno se ukazuje na poziciju i ovlasti kulturnih vijeća kao tijela koja imaju važnu ulogu o odlučivanju o dodjeli financijskih proračunskih sredstava kulturnim projektima, kao primjer suvremene kulturne politike. Međutim, u njihovu radu postoji mogućnost nastanka sukoba interesa s obzirom na disproporciju njihova statusa u kulturnom području, te je nužno stvoriti odgovarajuća legislativna rješenja koja će otkloniti mogućnost zloupotreba pozicija odnosno interesnog subjektivnog postupanja kod raspolaganja javnim sredstvima za javne potrebe u kulturi. Osnivanjem kulturnih vijeća, kulturna politika Republike Hrvatske prati načela suvremene kulturne politike pri čemu se odlučivanje i suodlučivanje o pitanjima o kulturi decentralizira i usmjerava na razine jedinica lokalne i regionalne uprave: županije, gradove ili općine, uz uvođenje različitih modaliteta sudioničkog upravljanja, uključujući osnivanje kulturnih vijeća. U ovom radu ukazujemo na određene zakonske manjkavosti i u tom smislu potrebu daljnjeg noveliranja propisa, te navodimo rješenja koja se nadovezuju na zakonske odredbe, a trebaju biti sadržana u aktima o osnivanju, statutima i drugim općim aktima samih ustanova u kulturi.
This paper analyzes the adequacy of the existing legal framework in the field of culture, i.e. the regulation of the status, management, and financing of public cultural institutions, especially those that are not regulated by special laws. The intention of this paper was to point out possible shortcomings in the existing regulation and self-regulation and to propose potential improvements to the legal regulation, all with the aim of establishing a modern normative framework for improving the conditions of management and financing of public cultural institutions in the Republic of Croatia. The position and powers of cultural councils as bodies that have an important role in deciding on the allocation of financial budget resources to cultural projects, as an example of contemporary cultural policy, are particularly pointed out. However, in their work, there is a possibility of a conflict of interest due to the disproportion of their status in the cultural field, and it is necessary to create appropriate legislative solutions that will eliminate the possibility of abuse of positions, i.e. interest-based subjective treatment when disposing of public funds for public needs in culture. By establishing cultural councils, the cultural policy of the Republic of Croatia follows the principles of contemporary cultural policy, whereby decision-making and co-decision-making on cultural issues are decentralized and directed to the levels of local and regional administration units: counties, cities, or municipalities, with the introduction of various modalities of participatory management, including the establishment of cultural Council. In this paper, we point out certain legal deficiencies and, in this sense, the need for further amendments to the regulations, and we list solutions that follow from the legal provisions and should be contained in the founding acts, statutes and other general documents of the cultural institutions themselves.
