Players report losing some games can be as much fun, or more than winning. It is imperative to identify what motivates a player to pursue failure in games due to the importance of many games now used ...for educational and health purposes. The game's intended outcomes can be entirely undermined if players would rather lose than win the game. To achieve reliable predictions on the win/lose dilemma, we propose a new model of challenge, Dynamic Probability Response, which quantifies the degree and type of challenge. Many previous studies focus on individual differences in play. This study focuses on how different play motivations interact. Three conceptualisations of winning were tested against each other by giving players a mutually exclusive choice between challenge, gratuitous feedback from interaction (juice hypothesis), and compliance with visual cues denoting victory (game value adoption hypothesis). Each potential motivation for play was derived from psychological theory that is prevalent in the game design literature. Using a within-subject ANOVA, the three hypothesised motivations investigated were each individually supported. Some hypotheses about which motivations can disrupt the game's goal were supported. Others were not. The applications of these results to game and simulation design are discussed.
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3.
Attack against Layered Defense Morozov, V. V.
Doklady. Mathematics,
12/2023, Volume:
108, Issue:
Suppl 1
Journal Article
Peer reviewed
An attack–defense model is considered in which the defense party at each point of defense has several lines and uses a target allocation of its forces. The average damage caused by attack forces ...breaking through all defense points is used as a criterion for attack effectiveness. The problem of optimizing the defense force distribution over defense lines is solved, and optimal strategies of the parties in a zero-sum game are found.
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We consider a finite-horizon two-person zero-sum differential game in which the system dynamics is described by a linear differential equation with a Caputo fractional derivative and the goals of the ...players’ control are to minimize and maximize a quadratic terminal-integral cost function, respectively. We present conditions for the existence of a game value and obtain formulas for players’ optimal feedback control strategies with memory of motion history. The results are based on the construction of a solution to an appropriate Hamilton–Jacobi equation with fractional coinvariant derivatives under a natural right-end boundary condition.
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A two-person zero-sum differential game is considered. The motion of the dynamic system is described by an ordinary differential equation with a Caputo fractional derivative of order
α ∈
(0, 1). The ...quality index consists of two terms: the first depends on the motion of the system realized by the terminal time and the second includes an integral estimate of the realizations of the players’ controls. The positional approach is applied to formalize the game in the “strategy–counterstrategy” and “counterstrategy–strategy” classes as well as in the “strategy–strategy” classes under the additional saddle point condition in the small game. In each case, the existence of the value and of the saddle point of the game is proved. The proofs are based on an appropriate modification of the method of extremal shift to accompanying points, which takes into account the specific properties of fractional-order systems.
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Wythoff’s game is a well-known 2-player impartial combinatorial game, introduced by W.A. Wythoff in 1907. In recent years, many scholars studied the variants of Wythoff’s game, including mainly ...extensions and restrictions, with fruitful results achieved. One way of solving n-player impartial games was presented by W.O. Krawec in 2012. We employ Krawec’s function in this paper to analyze n-player Wythoff’s game and its nine restricted versions. The game values are completely determined for all ten n-player impartial games.
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The game value of a pursuit-evasion differential game is an estimation of the game’s payoff at the instant when all the players employ their optimal strategies. In this paper, we estimate this value ...for a fixed duration differential game problem of countably many pursuers and one evader with the Grönwall-type constraints, a generalization of the well known geometric constraints, imposed on all the players’ control functions. The players’ dynamics are governed by a generalized dynamic equations. We construct the attainability domain and a Grönwall-type optimal strategies for the players. The constructed strategies are then employed in establishing that the estimated game value is guaranteed for the players.
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The article is devoted to the problem of the game environment - playgrounds. The article discusses the history of children's playgrounds, analyses the different methodological approaches to their ...expertise: an ecological approach, socio-cognitive approach, subjective or personal approach, activity approach. Taking into account the latest contemporary foreign researches, the article discusses the facts concerning the link between the types of playgrounds, their equipment and the nature of child behavior. The article provides basic criteria for expertize of game environment: game value of plating objects or game environment in general, landscape features of playgrounds, the elements that trigger risky behavior, etc. The conclusion states that playgrounds must be assessed in terms of their compliance to the needs of children and the age related challenges of their development.
Статья посвящена проблеме игровых сред – детских площадок. Обсуждается история появления детских площадок, проводится анализ различных методологических подходов к их экспертизе: экологический подход, социально-когнитивный подход, субъективный или личностный подход, деятельностный подход. На основе анализа современных зарубежных исследований рассматриваются факты о связи типа площадки, размещенного на нем оборудования и характера поведения детей. Представлены основные критерии экспертной оценки игровой среды: игровая ценность объекта или среды в целом, ландшафтные характеристики площадки, наличие элементов, инициирующих рискованное поведение и др. В заключении делается вывод о том, что площадка должна оцениваться с точки зрения её соответствия потребностям ребенка и возрастным задачам развития.
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