There is potential for immersive technology, such as augmented and virtual reality, to create memorable tourism experiences, specifically for heritage tourism. However, there is a lack of conceptual ...clarity surrounding the management of heritage for memorable tourism experiences. Subsequently, this research note proposes a four-stage conceptual model of heritage preservation for managing heritage into digital tourism experiences. The four stages include the presentation of historical facts; contested heritage; integration of historical facts and contested heritage; and/or an alternate scenario. This research note demonstrates that integrating history with cutting-edge technology in immersive environments has the potential to not only preserve and manage heritage but to enrich the visitor experience and subsequent engagement with history.
•Explores immersive technology for the management of heritage and tourism experience.•Proposes a four-stage conceptual model for immersive heritage tourism experiences.•Connects heritage preservation and memorable immersive heritage tourism experiences.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP
An extensive body of literature documents large-scale property-led redevelopment in the world and in China. However, in recent years China has seen the policy shift toward small-scale redevelopment, ...heritage preservation, and public participation in the regeneration process. Using the pilot project of "micro-regeneration" (weigaizao) in Guangzhou, this paper critically examines these aspects of change. We find that such a policy shift is attributed to increasing social contestations generated by large-scale redevelopment. The state uses heritage preservation to develop creative and cultural industries, which transforms the traditional neighborhood into a commercial and tourist quarter. The policy also encourages participation in urban redevelopment. However, residents still have limited influence over the course of redevelopment. The paper argues that micro-regeneration is a practice of worlding cities in the Chinese institutional context, involving the state dealing with the problems of redevelopment through new governance approaches.
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BFBNIB, DOBA, FZAB, GIS, IJS, IZUM, KILJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBMB, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
•IoT Internet of Things Paradigm applied to masonry cultural heritage structures.•SHM structural health monitoring on existing structures.•3D-FE homogeneous and heterogeneous approach with ...elasto-damaging materials.•Review of the existing literature on combined IoT-SHM procedures.•Application on two case-studies of masonry structures and FE comparisons.
The main aim of using the IoT paradigm is related to the possibility of a connectivity extension of several common SHM devices by means of Internet. The connected devices are thus able to transmit and process data, guaranteeing new scenarios in the design of acquisition systems in different fields of science and engineering. The innovations have led the researchers to extend the application of the IoT paradigm to the SHM of masonry structures making sure that the experiments conducted in this framework are able to ensure good results with promising future improvements. The main uses, to date, have been implemented, for example, to monitor individual structural elements, reducing the risks for users due to partial or total collapses of the structure, or for the identification, detection and characterization of damage and degradation of construction materials. The aim of this work is to expose a general overview of the SHM systems used by the authors for masonry structures belonging to historical and cultural heritage, arguing their use for the protection from earthquakes with related advantages. This will be shown thanks to two preliminary SHM systems designed and implemented by the authors on two case studies using IoT, described in the paper with their related cyber and physical parts.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP
•First analysis of 3D LiDAR and multi-technology collaboration on the preservation of built heritage in Chinese papers.•Surveying the hotspots and methods of 3D LiDAR concerning preservation of built ...heritage in China.•Mapping the current technological progress and application of 3D LiDAR and multi-technology collaboration both in academic studies and preservation practices in China.•The technological shortcomings of the existing application are highlighted, and a potential course for future multi-technology cooperation is suggested.
In recent years, the technical application of 3D LiDAR has gradually expanded to the field of built heritage. 3D scanning, high-precision measurement, and reconstruction have enriched the methods of built heritage preservation and significantly improved the quality of heritage preservation in China. 3D LiDAR has broken through the limitations of a single technology application and played a greater role in the field of heritage preservation on different scales. Through the collaboration of multi-technology, such as 3D printing, digital mapping, internet of things, machine learning, intelligent sensors, close-range photogrammetry, infrared detection, stress wave tomography, material analysis, XR technology, reverse engineering, etc., 3D LiDAR shows its technological advantages on exploring the remote real-time monitoring and digitization of the built heritage, geological and environmental data collection, prediction of sedimentation, deformation monitoring, weather monitoring,system life cycle health detection, digital reproduction of built heritage for developing scientific problems and engineering practices such as building contour recognition, information feature matching, structural reinforcement and damaged component replacement. In addition, through the docking with GIS, HBIM, XR, and CIM, it provides fine digital models and high-precision data benchmarks which contribute to the heritage visual reproduction; and through the docking with 3Ds Max, SketchUp, and other modeling software, it has contributed to the renewal design of the built heritage, space optimization, and the scientificity and rationality of the heritage value evaluation. However, past technology applications also highlighted many problems such as limited recorded information, a large amount of data, high difficulty in collaboration, non-standardized and fragmented data, and difficulty in data mining and comprehensive utilization. There are still deficiencies in building a built heritage data backplane, and the development of a dynamic, three-dimensional, intelligent and refined heritage monitoring system, and further research is needed on these issues. This study reviews the previous academic progress and application of 3D LiDAR in the reconstruction of built heritage and multi-technology collaboration in the process of preservation, clarifies the current research hotspots and methods, the frontier issues of concern, and also clarifies the specific problems and challenges in the future.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP
The development of gels capable to adapt and act at the interface of rough surfaces is a central topic in modern science for Cultural Heritage preservation. To overcome the limitations of solvents or ...polymer solutions, commonly used in the restoration practice, poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) "twin-chain" polymer networks (TC-PNs) have been recently proposed. The properties of this new class of gels, that are the most performing gels available for Cultural Heritage preservation, are mostly unexplored. This paper investigates how chemical modifications affect gels' structure and their rheological behavior, producing new gelled systems with enhanced and tunable properties for challenging applications, not restricted to Cultural Heritage preservation.
In this study, the PVA-TC-PNs structural and functional properties were changed by functionalization with sebacic acid into a new class of TC-PNs. Functionalization affects the porosity and nanostructure of the network, changing its uptake/release of fluids and favoring the uptake of organic solvents with various polarity, a crucial feature to boost the versatility of TC-PNs in practical applications.
The functionalized gels exhibited unprecedented performances during the cleaning of contemporary paintings from the Peggy Gugghenheim collection (Venice), whose restoration with traditional solvents and swabs would be difficult to avoid possible disfigurements to the painted layers. These results candidate the functionalized TC-PNs as a new, highly promising class of gels in art preservation.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP
In light of the recent conflicts in Carthage over land use, cultural heritage preservation, and sustainable tourism, this work utilized a value-belief-norm (VBN) theoretical framework to consider ...psychological antecedents of residents' behavioral intentions to support cultural heritage tourism. As such, personal values, cultural worldview, awareness of consequences, ascription of responsibility, and subjective norms were considered antecedents of intentions to support cultural heritage tourism. Data were collected from 475 Carthage residents in nine neighborhoods adjacent to UNESCO World Heritage Sites using an on-site self-administered questionnaire. The proposed model was assessed through confirmatory factor analysis (to demonstrate sound psychometric properties across all 11 factors within the model), followed by structural equation modelling. Overall, 15 of the 19 proposed hypotheses were supported, ultimately contributing to 28% of the variance explained in residents' behavioral intentions to support cultural heritage tourism. This work not only provides support for the utilization of the VBN model within the context of cultural heritage tourism, it also deepens our understanding of the theoretical framework through the inclusion of the multi-dimensional construct cultural worldview.
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BFBNIB, NUK, PILJ, SAZU, UL, UM, UPUK
Continuously identified natural frequencies of vibration can provide unique information for low-cost automated condition assessment of civil constructions and infrastructures. However, the effects of ...changes in environmental parameters, such as temperature and humidity, need to be effectively investigated and accurately removed from identified frequency data for an effective performance assessment. This task is particularly challenging in the case of historical constructions that are typically massive and heterogeneous masonry structures characterized by complex variations of materials' properties with varying environmental parameters and by a differential heat conduction process where thermal capacity plays a major role.
While there is abundance of documented monitoring data highlighting correlations between environmental parameters and natural frequencies in the case of new structures, such as long-span bridges, similar studies for historical constructions are still missing, with only a few literature works occasionally reporting increments in natural frequencies with increasing temperature of construction materials due to the closure of internal micro-cracks in the mortar layers caused by thermal expansion.
In order to gain some knowledge on the effects of changes in temperature and humidity on the natural frequencies of slender masonry buildings, the paper focuses on the case study of an Italian monumental bell tower that has been monitored by the authors for more than nine months. Correlations between natural frequencies and environmental parameters are investigated in detail and the predictive capabilities of linear statistical regressive models based on the use of several environmental continuous monitoring sensors are assessed. At the end, three basic mechanisms governing environmentally-induced changes in the dynamic behavior of the tower are identified and essential information is achieved on the optimal location and minimum number of environmental sensors that are necessary in a structural health monitoring perspective.
•Hygro-thermal effects on natural frequencies of a masonry bell-tower are investigated.•Temperature variations produce significant changes in natural frequencies.•Three temperature-driven types of frequency variations are observed including freezing.•Linear regressive models allow to accurately remove temperature effects for SHM.•Five environmental sensors provide the most accurate estimation of natural frequencies.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZRSKP
Cultural Heritage is a crucial socioeconomic resource; yet, recurring degradation processes endanger its preservation. Serendipitous approaches in restoration practice need to be replaced by ...systematically addressing conservation issues through the development of advanced materials for the preservation of the artifacts. In the last few decades, materials and colloid science have provided valid solutions to counteract degradation, and we report here the main highlights in the formulation and application of materials and methodologies for the cleaning, protection and consolidation of works of art. Several types of artifacts are addressed, from murals to canvas paintings, metal objects, and paper artworks, comprising both classic and modern/contemporary art. Systems, such as nanoparticles, gels, nanostructured cleaning fluids, composites, and other functional materials, are reviewed. Future perspectives are also commented, outlining open issues and trends in this challenging and exciting field.
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IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, UL, UM, UPUK
While the phenomenon of nostalgic heritage travel has gained traction, scarce inquiries have researched how nostalgia for heritage sites can render a means for heritage preservation. This inquiry ...utilized a multi-method qualitative design, with Study 1 inferring nostalgic heritage travel motivations from travel experiences documented in online travel diaries. Study 2 adopted the psychological ownership theory with data originating from semi-structured interviews to construct a nostalgia-induced framework of reciprocity between psychological ownership and heritage preservation. Findings first unveil an array of nostalgic heritage travel motives ranging from nostalgic reminiscing and glorification to nostalgia-induced playfulness and healing. Further, findings point to a reciprocal pattern of psychological ownership–heritage preservation fostered by three routes: exercise of control, intimate knowing, and investment of the self. Together, this research illuminates a past–present–future synthesis of self–place relations. It presents the concept of reciprocity driven by nostalgia to increase understanding of heritage preservation.
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NUK, OILJ, SAZU, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
Fluctuation in the hygrothermal environment can facilitate the deterioration of cultural relics in the Maijishan Grottoes. The purpose of this research is to develop a hygrothermal simulation model ...of grottoes to analyze the changes in the hygrothermal environment under different influencing factors. First, the temperature and relative humidity (RH) in Cave 101 of the Maijishan Grottoes were monitored throughout the year. The results indicated that the hygrothermal environment in Cave 101 was in an annual cycle from low temperature and RH to high temperature and RH. Then, a hygrothermal simulation model of the cave was established via the coupled heat and moisture transfer method. In addition, the accuracy of the model was verified by error analysis. Finally, the influences of different factors on the hygrothermal environment in the cave were evaluated by the model. The corridor and door can effectively weaken the influence of climate change on the hygrothermal environment in the cave. With increasing size and decreasing air change per hour, the annual amplitude and diurnal change in temperature and RH in the cave decrease. However, the environment in the cave remains moist in summer. The ventilation dehumidification design could be adopted as a regulation measure. This research provides a quantitative research method for the regulation of the hygrothermal environment and promote the development of preventive environmental protection technology in the Maijishan Grottoes.
•Use the coupled heat and moisture transfer method to study the grotto environment.•Present a hygrothermal simulation model of a cave, and verify the accuracy.•Analyze the different factors influencing the hygrothermal environment in the cave.•Provide a quantitative research method for regulating the hygrothermal environment in grottoes.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP
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