The uncontrolled use of antimicrobials in veterinary medicine may result in the presence of their residues in food matrices of animal origin such as milk. The aim of this study was to examine the ...physicochemical quality and to detect antibiotic residues (β-lactams and tetracyclines) in milk, as their presence has resulted in the rejection of significant quantities of milk for marketing. The study was conducted on 274 milk samples delivered to three milk-processing units located in the suburbs of Algiers and surrounding cities (Blida and Boumerdes). Antibiotic residue detection was performed using a fast screening test (BetaStar® Combo), with a reading result within five minutes. The results indicated that the milk processing industry of Blida had the highest rejected milk volumes (43.4%), followed by Algiers (24%) and Boumerdes (19.1%). Non-compliance of milk acidity was the first cause for milk rejection (47.6 %), followed by the presence of antibiotic residues (26.8%), and incompliance with requirements for density (13.4%) and fat levels (12.2%). The study revealed 22 positive cases (8.03%) of antibiotic residues. Among these, 90.91% were positive for β-lactams, and only 9.09% for tetracyclines. All tetracyclines cases and half of the β-lactams cases were found in the Blida milk processing company, indicating that the good practice of milk production and collection must be strengthened in that company.
Nekontrolirana uporaba antimikrobnih sredstava u veterinarskoj medicini može rezultirati prisustvom njihovih rezidua u matricama hrane životinjskog podrijetla kao što je i mlijeko. Ovaj rad ima za cilj proučavanje fizikalno-kemijske kakvoće i detekcije ostataka antibiotika (β-laktama i tetraciklina), čije je određivanje u mlijeku prouzročilo odbijanje znatnih količina za plasman na tržištu. Istraživanje je provedeno na 274 uzorka mlijeka dostavljena u tri jedinice za preradu mlijeka koje se nalaze u predgrađima Alžira i drugih gradovima (Blida i Boumerdes). Detekcija ostataka antibiotika provedena je brzim testom (BetaStar® Combo), s rezultatom očitanja unutar pet minuta. Rezultati su pokazali da je najveća količina odbijenog mlijeka u industriji prerade mlijeka iz jedinice Blida (43,4 %), a slijede Alžir (24 %) i Boumerdes (19,1 %). Nesukladnost kiselosti mlijeka bila je prvi uzrok odbacivanje mlijeka (47,6 %), a zatim slijede: prisutnost antibiotskih ostataka (26,8 %), gustoća (13,4 %) i nesukladnost razine masti (FL) (12,2 %). Od svih procijenjenih uzoraka, studija je otkrila 22 pozitivna slučaja (8,03 %) na ostatke antibiotika. Među njima je 90,91 % bilo pozitivno na β-laktame, dok je samo 9,09 % pozitivno na tetracikline. Svi slučajevi tetraciklina i polovica β-laktama pronađeni su u mljekoprerađivačkoj tvrtki Blida, što ukazuje da se u toj kompaniji mora ojačati dobra praksa uzgoja i prikupljanja mlijeka.
Otpadne vode tekstilne industrije pripadaju kategoriji najjače onečišćenih industrijskih otpadnih voda te su posebna opasnost za vodeni okoliš. Cilj ovog istraživanja bio je ispitati membransku ...učinkovitost zadržavanja bojila iz tekstilne otpadne vode (TOV) s komercijalnim ultrafiltracijskim (UF) membranama (GH, GK, PT, PU, PW, MW) širokog područja graničnih molekulskih masa (MWCO), od 2 do 50 kDa. Testirane UF membrane rezultirale su smanjenjem obojenja i intenziteta obojenja od 56,35 % do 97,93 %. Membrane nižih MWCO vrijednosti (ispod 3 kDa) mogu se smatrati prikladnim za uklanjanje bojila iz realnog uzorka TOV-a.
Wastewater from the textile industry belongs to the category of the most polluted industrial wastewaters and poses a special danger to the aquatic environment. The aim of this study was to examine the membrane retention efficiency of textile wastewater (TOV) with commercial ultrafiltration (UF) membranes (GH, GK, PT, PU, PW, MW) with a wide range of molecular weight cut-off (MWCO), 2–50 kDa. The tested UF membranes resulted in a reduction in colour and colour intensity from 56.35 % to 97.93 %. Membrane of lower MWCO values (below 3 kDa) may be suitable for removing dyes from the real TOV sample.
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Packaging performs a number of functions in the containment, protection, shipment and selling of goods. This book recognizes that food packaging is a fast-growing area that impacts upon the important ...areas of product shelf-life and food safety. Each chapter provides information on the scientific background, new material development and utilization, and case studies of the use of new systems for perishable food products. This book is intended for specialists in the food packaging industries, scientists involved in shelf-life and food safety, advanced food science students at universities.
Tekstilna industrija kao grana prerađivačke industrije ima veliko značenje za gospodarstvo
Republike Hrvatske. Ona je jedna od najstarijih industrijskih grana, a obuhvaća
proizvodnju odjeće i ...tekstila od prirodnih ili umjetnih materijala. Tekstilni proizvodi i potreba
za odijevanjem dio su esencijalne potrošnje svakog kućanstva. Proizvodnja tekstila
i odjeće predstavlja vrlo visoku izravnu međuovisnost, međutim njihova povezanost s
ostatkom industrije ne pokazuje pretjeranu korelaciju u razvoju. U članku se analiziraju
kvantitativni pokazatelji uspješnosti poslovanja tekstilne industrije u Republici Hrvatskoj
i to pokazatelji ekonomičnosti, rentabilnosti i produktivnosti, a s ciljem pozicioniranja
i predviđanja budućih makroekonomskih kretnja ove industrije. Uz analizu pokazatelja
uspješnosti prikazane su i vrijednosti osnovnih makroekonomskih pokazatelja kao i pokazatelji
uspješnosti poslovanja pojedinih tekstilnih poduzeća smještenih u sjeverozapadnoj
Hrvatskoj. Temeljem analize učinkovitosti željelo se prikazati značaj tekstilne industrije
sjeverozapadne Hrvatske za cjelokupni razvoj tekstilne industrije u Republici Hrvatskoj
te definirati smjernice za postizanje još veće učinkovitosti i budućeg razvoja ovog djela
Hrvatske, ali i gospodarstva u cjelini.
Kako bi se unaprijedila literatura u području društveno odgovornog poslovanja i korporativne reputacije u medijskoj industriji, provedeno je istraživanje na uzorku hrvatskih novinskih izdavača. ...Društveno odgovorno poslovanje je promatrano kroz prizmu odnosa prema vlasnicima, zaposlenicima, kupcima i dobavljačima, okolišu te lokalnoj zajednici. S druge strane, korporativna reputacija je mjerena putem dviju dimenzija – korporativni identitet i korporativni imidž. Podaci su obrađeni korelacijskom analizom. Rezultati sugeriraju kako postoji značajna, snažna i pozitivna povezanost između primjene načela društveno odgovornog poslovanja i obje promatrane dimenzije korporativne reputacije, čime je potvrđena glavna hipoteza koja pretpostavlja kako postoji povezanost između društveno odgovornog poslovanja i korporativne reputacije.
In order to contribute literature in the field of corporate social responsibility and corporate reputation in the media industry, a survey was conducted on a sample of Croatian companies. Corporate social responsibility was operationalized through the prism of relationships with the owners, employees, customers, suppliers, and the local community. On the other hand, corporate reputation was operationalized using corporate identity and corporate image. Correlation analysis was used to test the relationship between corporate social responsibility and corporate reputation. The results suggest that there is a significant, strong, and positive relationship between the implementation of the corporate social responsibility practice and both corporate identity and corporate image so the main hypothesis could be accepted.
Donošenjem Nacionalnog programa provedbe Strategije zbrinjavanja radioaktivnog otpada, iskorištenih izvora i istrošenog nuklearnog goriva, Vlada Republike Hrvatske je ratificirala Strategiju koja ...dijelom određuje gospodarenje reziduima. S obzirom na važeću legislativu bit će nužno regulatorno modificirati trenutačne i predvidjeti buduće rudarske i druge industrijske aktivnosti u kojima nastaju rezidui i pri kojima se manipulira reziduima. U radu se daje detaljan pregled legislative te preporuka i smjernica, u skladu s posljednjim dostignućima, za gospodarenje postojećim i budućim odlagalištima i mjestima za privremeno pohranjivanje rezidua.
By adopting the National Program for the Implementation of the Strategy for the Management of Radioactive Waste, Disused Sources and Spent Nuclear Fuel, the Government of the Republic of Croatia has ratified the Strategy, which partly defines the management of residues. Given the current legislation, it will be necessary to regulate modifications of the current as well as predict future mining and other industrial activities in which residues appear and are manipulated with. This paper gives a detailed review of relevant legislation, and state of the art recommendations and guidelines for the management of existing and future disposal sites and places for temporary storage of residues.
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The aim of introducing occupational exposure limits (OELs) is to use them as a risk management tool in order to protect workers’ health and well-being against harmful agents at the workplace. In this ...review we identify OELs for benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, xylene (BTEX), and styrene concentrations in air and assess occupational exposure to these compounds through a systematic literature search of publications published in West Asian countries from 1980 to 2021. OELs for BTEX and styrene have been set in Iran and Turkey to levels similar to those in European countries and the US. The search yielded 49 full-text articles that cover studies of exposure assessment in six countries, but most (n=40) regard Iran. Average occupational exposure to benzene of workers in oil-related industries is higher than recommended OEL, while average occupational exposure to other compounds is lower than local OELs (where they exist). Currently, information about levels of occupational exposure to BTEX and styrene is insufficient in West Asian countries, which should be remedied through OEL regulation and application. Furthermore, coherent research is also needed to determine actual levels of occupational exposure, dose-responses, and the economic and technical capacity of local industries to address current issues.
U članku se po prvi put kritičko-analitičkom metodom vizualne retorike analiziraju radovi i vizualne taktike u formiranju reklamnih poruka o svrsi i djelovanju Plivinih proizvoda jednog od ...najznačajnijih hrvatskih dizajnera, Milana Vulpea. Rad se temelji na istraživanju sačuvanih reklamnih materijala (brošura, deplijana, oglasa) za Tvornicu farmaceutskih i kemijskih proizvoda Pliva koji su od 2014. godine postali dio fundusa Zbirke grafičkog dizajna Muzeja za umjetnost i obrt. Posebna se pozornost posvećuje načinu na koji Vulpe kroz metodički pristup dizajnu vizualnih komunikacija sustavno gradi odnos s Plivinom ciljanom publikom.
For the first time, the article analyzes works and visual tactics in the formation of advertising messages about the purpose and operation of Pliva’s products of one of the most important Croatian designers, Milan Vulpe. The work is based on the research of preserved advertising materials (brochures, leaflets, advertisements) for the Pliva pharmaceutical and chemical products factory, which since 2014 have become part of the Museum of Arts and Crafts’ graphic design collection. Special attention is paid to the way Vulpe systematically builds a relationship with Pliva’s target audience through a methodical approach to visual communication design.
Radom se nastoji potvrditi hipoteza da je ekonomska blokada Federativne Narodne Republike Jugoslavije od Saveza Sovjetskih Socijalističkih Republika i zemalja narodne demokracije, koja je nastupila ...1948., presudno utjecala na dinamiku i smjer izgradnje i razvoja jugoslavenske teške industrije u prvoj petoljetki. Blokada je bila jedan od glavnih uzroka nemogućnosti realizacije planiranih ciljeva, što je dovelo do promjene prioriteta i redukcije kapitalnih investicija u tešku industriju, revizije planskih zadataka te preusmjeravanja poduzeća prema ubrzanom usvajanju tehnologija izrade novih industrijskih proizvoda. U radu se istražuju promjene u teškoj industriji u odnosu na projekcije iz Zakona o petogodišnjem planu razvitka narodne privrede Federativne Narodne Republike Jugoslavije u godinama 1947. – 1951. te racionalizacije investicija i izmjene proizvodnih programa tvornica uzrokovane blokadom. Detaljno su analizirane promjene u dinamici izgradnje i poslovanju triju državnih poduzeća saveznoga značaja u Narodnoj Republici Hrvatskoj.
Before adopting the Law on the Five-Year Plan for the Development of the National Economy (1947–1951), the Yugoslav political leadership was somewhat aware of the challenges associated with implementing the Soviet methodology in Yugoslav economic practice. From the beginning of the application of the Law in 1947, these problems became concrete, numerous, and diverse. A hypothetical question is: could the Yugoslav Five-Year Plan have been realised in the initially conceived way and with the foreseen dynamics? The impact of the economic blockade after the Cominform resolution of 1948 on implementing the Yugoslav Five-Year Plan and developing heavy industry are relevant questions from a historiographical perspective. This paper tries to confirm the hypothesis that the economic blockade of Yugoslavia by the Soviet Union and the countries of people’s democracy made it impossible to implement the original ideas regarding the planned industrialisation. The blockade was a catalyst for changes in Yugoslav society, so the economy was decentralised. However, the blockade also had a decisive effect on the shift in priorities, dynamics, and the direction of construction and development of Yugoslav heavy industry. In 1949, the Federal Ministry of Heavy Industry reduced investments at the level of companies that worked in its department. Appointed commissions also conducted thorough audits of capital construction projects. Due to the blockade, the construction of some factory plant and buildings was stopped, delayed, or significantly extended (for example, the company Željezara Sisak). Suspensions and obstructions of the contracted deliveries of technologies, equipment, semi-finished products, and raw materials from the countries of people’s democracy as well as goods that were supposed to have come through reparations from Hungary conditioned the replacement of imports with domestic production. Decisions on import substitution meant a shift in production programmes for some heavy industry companies. In order to achieve the new goals, it was necessary to build facilities and infrastructure that were not planned at the beginning of the implementation of the Five-Year Plan (1947). Some heavy industry companies implemented radical changes in their operations and profiled themselves towards the production of previously exclusively imported equipment (for example, the company Rade Končar) or the provision of services for industry (for example, the company Đuro Đaković).
U radu je prikazan razvoj i poslovanje kemijsko-farmaceutske tvornice Rave d.d. osnovane 1922. u Zagrebu. Na temelju arhivske i građevinske dokumentacije, stručnih i dnevnih glasila te promotivnog ...materijala rekonstruiran je smještaj tvorničkog kompleksa u zagrebačkoj industrijskoj zoni, prezentirane su njezine marketinške strategije i utjecaj na razvoj domaće proizvodnje lijekova i higijensko-sanitarnih potrepština. Kao važan motiv svoga poslovanja tvornica je isticala osamostaljivanje Rave kao domaće industrije od tada dominirajuće strane industrije, nacionalna obilježja svoga poslovanja te promicanje suradnje s mladom domaćom industrijom. U skladu s tim Rave d.d. sudjeluje u izgradnji i razvoju domaće farmaceutske proizvodnje i domaćeg tržišta, poticanju razvoja suvremene industrije i borbi za povoljnije uvjete svoga poslovanja. Njezina je do sada neistražena povijest značajan segment početaka farmaceutske proizvodnje, ali istodobno i prilog poznavanju početaka poduzetništva na našim prostorima kao nezaobilaznog elementa u podizanju svijesti o nacionalnoj proizvodnji, razvoju i identitetu.
The paper presents the development and business of the chemical-pharmaceutical factory Rave PLC, founded in Zagreb in 1922. Based on archival and building documentation, professional and daily newspapers, and promotional material, the formation of the factory complex in the Zagreb industrial zone was reconstructed, its marketing strategy and its impact on the development of domestic drug production and hygiene and sanitary necessities were presented. As an important motive for its operations, the factory emphasized industrial independence, the national features of its business and the promotion of cooperation with young domestic industry. In accordance with the above-mentioned text, Rave PLC participates in the construction and development of domestic pharmaceutical production and market, encouraging the development of modern industry and struggle for more favourable conditions of its business. Its unprecedented history is an important segment of our pharmaceutical past, but also an indispensable element of knowing the industrial development of the wider region. This segment of the beginnings of pharmaceutical manufacturing is essential in knowing the origins of entrepreneurship in our region as a significant element in raising awareness of national production, development and identity.
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