Moving beyond both a neoliberal as well as a 'heroic' conception of how the International Baccalaureate (IB) might 'make a better world', this paper focuses on the transformative potentiality of IBDP ...classroom pedagogy from the perspective of an experienced and critically minded educator, whose praxis has evolved across more than three decades of teaching IBDP courses in elite, well-established international schools around the world. In the IBDP teacher's account, particular attention is placed on the relational qualities of the (ideal) classroom culture and on the tensions between learner autonomy, teacher and learner authenticity and the critical imperative to interrogate privilege. We seek to provide a generative case for researchers and educators to reflect and find greater precision on the desired ends, possibilities and limits of critical and progressive pedagogies in school classrooms under contemporary conditions constituting our 'world in trouble'. More specifically for stakeholders of the IBDP, we offer up a promising orientation to IBDP classroom pedagogy in pursuit of the IB mission.
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This article investigates how the International Baccalaureate's 'global dream' for education interacts with the national priorities of governments. In mainland China, a thriving international school ...market has been met with tightened government control. We draw on the analytical lens of 'cosmopolitan nationalism' to demonstrate how a cosmopolitan openness to international schooling was subject to reversal when deemed to counter national interests. Through content analysis of government documents and state media, we discuss how representations of the International Baccalaureate were in tension with national agendas of the 'China dream' and 'common prosperity'. Finally, we reflect on the malleability of the International Baccalaureate across diverse national contexts.
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The International Baccalaureate (IB) is a market leader in international education however, research suggests that it predominantly serves elite populations (Bunnell, T., M. Donnelly, H. Lauder, and ...S. Whewall. 2020. "International Mindedness as a Platform for Class Solidarity." Compare: A Journal of Comparative and International Education. Published online: 24 August 2020. doi:
10.1080/03057925.2020.1811639
). Drawing on data from the IB and the Australian government, we explore the growth of the IB in Australia for a period of 11 years (2008 to 2019). Data analysis highlights the narrow growth of the IB amongst relatively homogenous schools, suggesting a period of 'distinction and expansion' that represents a troubling contradiction of the IB's stated goal to increase diversity in IB schools and contributes to the reproduction of class disparity in Australia.
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The subject of the undertaken analyses was the strategies used by teachers as part of bringing them closer to pedagogical expertise. The research aims to show the ways of defining ...profession-alisation by the respondents. As a result, we were looking for the answers to how teachers perceive professionalism and what actions they take to achieve pedagogical expertise. The empirical material comprises 19 interviews with teachers implementing the International Baccalaureate Programme. The theoretical framework for us was symbolic interactionism. We used the procedures of grounded theory methodology. As a result, we reconstructed the strategies they use to approach pedagogical expertise. We managed to characterise the three main dimensions of striving for professionalism by international schoolteachers, i.e., achieving professionalism through relationships, staying up to date, and achieving formal gratifications.
O artigo analisa o crescimento recente das escolas internacionais, centrando-se nos estabelecimentos de ensino que oferecem currículos e exames da International Baccalaureate® (IB), a partir de três ...eixos de pesquisa que se intersetam. Primeiro, procura-se mapear a investigação já produzida sobre este movimento, a nível internacional. Segundo, discute-se a evolução do número de escolas e de estudantes no mundo, com particular atenção às tendências observadas nos países lusófonos e ibero-americanos. Terceiro, apresentam-se resultados de uma análise documental sobre as escolas IB em São Paulo, Lisboa e Maputo, com enfoque nas suas missões e visões institucionais. Além de uma menor expressão, em comparação com o observado em países de língua espanhola, concluiu-se que o crescimento das escolas IB nas metrópoles de língua oficial portuguesa tem sido alimentado tanto pela conversão do modelo das escolas internacionais tradicionais, como pelo surgimento de projetos empresariais especializados neste tipo de escolas. A narrativa da excelência escolar e da formação de líderes globais tende a tornar-se hegemónica. Existem semelhanças, mas também variações entre as escolas IB destas três cidades, as quais relacionamos com os respetivos contextos.
O artigo analisa o crescimento recente das escolas internacionais, centrando-se nos estabelecimentos de ensino que oferecem currículos e exames da International Baccalaureate® (IB), a partir de três ...eixos de pesquisa que se intersetam. Primeiro, procura-se mapear a investigação já produzida sobre este movimento, a nível internacional. Segundo, discute-se a evolução do número de escolas e de estudantes no mundo, com particular atenção às tendências observadas nos países lusófonos e ibero-americanos. Terceiro, apresentam-se resultados de uma análise documental sobre as escolas IB em São Paulo, Lisboa e Maputo, com enfoque nas suas missões e visões institucionais. Além de uma menor expressão, em comparação com o observado em países de língua espanhola, concluiu-se que o crescimento das escolas IB nas metrópoles de língua oficial portuguesa tem sido alimentado tanto pela conversão do modelo das escolas internacionais tradicionais, como pelo surgimento de projetos empresariais especializados neste tipo de escolas. A narrativa da excelência escolar e da formação de líderes globais tende a tornar-se hegemónica. Existem semelhanças, mas também variações entre as escolas IB destas três cidades, as quais relacionamos com os respetivos contextos.
This paper explores the facilitation of the emancipatory in an International Baccalaureate (IB) context of privilege. It aligns with the idea that capitalism, even in welfare state democracies or 'do ...good' corporations, maintains the interests of the owners of capital. It is by nature unjust and exploitative and must conceal this injustice by securing a (spurious) legitimacy for itself. This makes a rare methodological contribution as the article provides critical 'meta-analysis' of IB research literature by prioritising work that affords insight into the lived reality within the IB-Sphere. It then triangulates this analysis through the work of German Social Philosopher Jürgen Habermas. This work provides a significant and timely contribution to 'franchised education' in the twenty-first Century, and will be of essential reading to scholars, policymakers and leadership whether involved in the IB, or active in the Neo Liberal spaces of education more generally: such as Multi Trust Academies, Free Schools, or Charter Schools. This is thanks to the lessons learned over nearly 60 years of educational franchise in a diverse and globalising sphere as presented here from IB research through critical analysis.
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This paper aims to make a conceptual contribution to the role of the International Baccalaureate Organization (IBO) in regard to global education within state global heritage (multicultural) schools ...- using England as a representative example - in an age characterised by epistemological, historical and cultural securitisation. This paper recruits ideas and concepts taken from Lefebvre and Bourdieu in a discussion focussed on the IBO's potential role in resistance to the dominant neoliberal imaginary and cultural securitisation. However, in order to be a force for democratisation, the IBO must itself democratise through a reconceptualisation of the school spaces it operates in/produces. It will also involve a process of reassessing its notion/positioning of what constitutes symbolic (and therefore valuable) cultural capital. This will mean untethering global education from the International Baccalaureate Diploma Programme. This paper highlights the possibility of a new space for global education, operationalised by moving beyond the 'IB school' to the potential of the more informal IB supported school. It is argued here that the IBO has the potential to galvanise a new wave of inclusive global education.
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The concept of international mindedness (IM) underscores international baccalaureate (IB) programmes and acts as a universal principle for teaching and learning. Despite its prioritisation, it is ...unclear how practitioners, parents, and students enact IM in schools individually and collectively. In this article, I present research highlighting the development of IM in an IB school. The research findings prioritise an international approach to education reliant on the distillation of values, the rationalisation of transparency and overcoming self-determinism. These findings are further analysed through Jürgen Habermas' (1991) theory of communicative action illustrating the breadth and depth of IM application, including its emancipatory potential. My analysis shows that while the international school community members agree with the fundamentals of the IB's frameworks, they note the challenges of IM practice influenced by the steering powers of IB corporatism. This article will interest educators, leaders and policymakers seeking penetrative interpretations of international education and critical praxis.
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