Non-timber forest products including macro-fungi are an important source of food in forest regions of the world. Studies on edible fungi have been done in several places of the country, but no ...research has been conducted in the Luki Biosphere Reserve to date. The overall objective was to draw up a preliminary list of macromycetes and their uses by the communities living in the Luki Biosphere Reserve. Two linear transects of 5000m × 10m and 8000m × 10m crossing the selected plant formations served as sampling units for the inventory in three facies of the tropical forest: mature forest, secondary forest and fallow. Semi-structured ethnomycological surveys were conducted among 156 people chosen at random in the Mangala, Lemba, Tsumba Kituti, Kisavu, Kiobo, Kimbuya, Camp INERA-Luki and Manterne villages bordering the Luki Biosphere Reserve. In total, 33 species of macromycetes were inventoried, including 30 species used for food purposes, 3 species used for food and medicinal purposes, 2 species used exclusively for medicinal purposes and 2 species without use. Edible fungi are dominated by saprotrophs of the Pleurotaceae family and ectomycorrhizals of the Hydnaceae family. On the other hand, fungi for medicinal use are dominated by the Ganodermataceae family; mushrooms that combine both food and medicinal uses belong to the families of Schizophyllaceae, Lyophyllaceae and Auriculariaceae. Overall, the local populations of the Luki Biosphere Reserve are familiar with macromycetes for food and medicinal use. This study provides necessary information to take into account for a mushroom domestication program in the Luki biosphere reserve in order to cope with food insecurity and the effects of climate change already perceptible in this part of the country.
We present interesting findings from the final year (2018) of the project concerning fungi in the fire-damaged forests in Kampinos National Park (central Poland). Seven taxa have been collected which ...are new to the park, one species (Scutellinia patagonica) hitherto unrecorded in Poland has been found. The current number of macromycetes taxa known from Kampinos National Park has reached 1,611.
The seasonality of 10 of the most abundant species of macromycetes was studied at 3 sites in west-central Mexico. Collections over 20 years from the Instituto de Botanica of the Universidad de ...Guadalajara database were used for this study. Two of the sites were pine-oak forests: Mazamitla (70 collections) and Tapalpa (68 collections). The third consisted of an ecotone between subtropical cloud forest and pine-oak forest: Nevado de Colima (91 collections). The 3 sites are close to the tropical region and have a rainy season between late May and October. The development and abundance of fruit bodies were related to the climate and the vegetation of each site. Differences were found at 3 scales for both fructification time and abundance: between sites, between species, and within species at different sites.
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In fall 2018 and 2019, we assessed colonization by fungi on Douglas fir trees Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirb.) Franco, white pine (Pinus strobus L.), and red cedar (Thuja plicata D. Don.) on selected ...experimental plots of the former Prussian Experimental Station, where nonnative tree species were introduced from North America over a century ago. The presence of sporocarps on trunks, root collars, and stumps as well as the litter layer in the soil within a radius of 0.5 m around the trunk of the tree was determined. Additionally, the volume of dead wood on the forest floor of the entire plot was assessed. We recorded numerous fungi on trees and stumps as well as in the litter and soil. For the 31 plots in 12 forest districts, we determined 745 sporocarps of 48 taxa, with 335/19 on the wood of P. menziesii trees and stumps, 377/15 on P. strobus, and 33/6 on T. plicata trees. The highest share of trees with various trunk damage levels was found for T. plicata (70.3%) and the lowest for P. menziesii (6.2%). Among the root parasitic fungi, Heterobasidion sp. and Armillaria sp. were found, especially on the collars and stumps of T. plicata and P. strobus; we did not find basidiomata of both pathogens on P. menziesii. The volume of dead wood within the P. menziesii plots averaged 7.1 m3/ha, whereas in T. plicata plots, it was 56.3 m3/ha. We identified 10 taxa that have not been reported in association with P. strobus for Poland (Cylindrobasidium laeve, Dacrymyces sp., Exidia pithya, E. saccharina, Gymnopilus pnetrans, Leptoporus mollis, Mycena sanguinolenta, Tapinella panuoides, Trametes versicolor, and Xylaria hypoxylon) and three taxa (Exidia pithya, Leptoporus mollis, Serpula himantioides) associated with T. plicata.
Background. In the Republic of Bashkortostan, macromycete fungi are insufficiently studied. The paper presents the results of a study of the mycobiota of the Gafuriysky district of the Republic of ...Bashkortostan. The territory of the Gafuri district was studied during one growing season (May – November 2020), and therefore it is impossible to say that the list of fungi presented in this work is the final version. Materials and methods. Material – macromycetes fungi. Methods – practical (collection and definition), descriptive, computer-statistical. Results. The species composition of macromycetes fungi is presented in an annotated list of 44 species. A taxonomic analysis of mycobiota consisting of two divisions (Ascomycota and Basidiomycota), two classes (Pezizomycetes and Agaricomycetes), 8 orders, 25 families, and 33 genera is given. The trophic structure was analyzed. Conclusions. The predominant groups are saprotrophs on destroyed wood – Crepidotus mollis, Pleurotus ostreatus, Coprinus micaceus, etc. (27.3 %) and mycorrhizal agents – Cortinarius triumfans, Russula cyanoxantha, Russula vesca, etc. (15.9 %).
Antecedentes y Objetivos: Los organismos más importantes en la descomposición de la lignocelulosa son los macromicetos degradadores de la madera caída. Sin embargo, los estudios taxonómicos y ...ecológicos sobre estos hongos son escasos en bosques templados del Estado de México, México. El objetivo de este estudio fue proporcionar información sobre la diversidad de la comunidad fúngica de un bosque templado en Huixquilucan, Estado de México y sobre las variables físicas y microclimáticas de la madera muerta de Abies religiosa que influyen en ella. Métodos: En la temporada de lluvias, en septiembre y octubre de 2021, se exploró un bosque de Abies religiosa ubicado en Huixquilucan, Estado de México. Se recolectaron 100 troncos caídos de A. religiosa, a los que se les midieron las siguientes variables: pH, temperatura, volumen, densidad, humedad y dureza. Se registró el número de morfoespecies de macromicetos y abundancia de esporomas. Se determinaron los géneros y especies de los macromicetos y los valores de riqueza y abundancia se emparejaron con las características de la madera para determinar cuáles variables estaban relacionadas mediante un Análisis de Correspondencia Canónica. Resultados clave: Se determinaron 46 géneros y 27 especies; 24 de ellas son nuevos registros para el sitio de muestreo. Al evaluar la posible asociación entre las características de la madera con la riqueza y diversidad de macromicetos, se reporta que la riqueza y diversidad de los esporomas están mayormente influenciadas por la dureza, densidad y humedad de los restos de madera. Conclusiones: La diversidad de macromicetos degradadores en la madera de A. religiosa es muy alta. Particularmente en el bosque estudiado, la densidad, dureza y humedad de la madera son las variables más importantes que influyen en la riqueza y diversidad de los esporomas. La densidad de la madera está asociada con el contenido de humedad y parece no tener relación con la dureza de la madera.
Background and Aims: Wood-degrading macromycetes are the most important organisms in the decomposition of lignocellulose. However, taxonomic and ecological studies are scarce in temperate forests in the State of Mexico, Mexico. The main objective of the study was to provide information on the physical and microclimatic variation of the dead wood of Abies religiosa that influence the diversity of the fungal community in a temperate forest in Huixquilucan, State of Mexico. Methods: During the rainy season, from September to October 2021, we conducted fieldwork in the Abies religiosa forest located in Huixquilucan, State of Mexico. We sampled 100 dead trunks of A. religiosa and measuring the following variables: pH, temperature, volume, density, humidity, and softness of the wood. Similarly, the number of morphospecies of macromycetes and the abundance of sporomes were recorded. The genera and species of the macromycetes were determined and the values of richness and abundance were compared with the characteristics of the wood through a Canonical Correspondence Analysis (CCA). Key results: Forty six genera and 27 species were determined, 24 of them are new records for the sampling site. When evaluating the possible association between the dead wood characteristics with richness and diversity of macromycetes, we found that the richness and diversity of sporomes are mainly influenced by the hardness, density, and humidity of wood remains. Conclusions: The diversity of wood-degrading macromycetes of A. religiosa is very high. Particularly in this forest, the density, hardness, and humidity of the wood are the most important variables modulating the richness and diversity of the sporomes. The density of the wood is related to the humidity and there is no clear association with the hardness of the wood.
Through a survey of macrofungi in Ghalajeh heights and its surrounding plains, conducted from 2014- 2017, twelve specimens of macroascomycota were collected. The specimens were identified on the ...basis of macro- and micro-morphological characteristics. The internal transcribed spacer sequences of the selected specimens were analyzed to confirm the morphological identification. Based on the results, five species, including Terfezia claveryi, Tirmania pinoyi, Helvella acetabulum, Picoa juniperi and Picoa lefebvrei were identified. T. claveryi and T.pinoyi species had been previously reported from Kermanshah Province, but H. acetabulum, P. juniperi and P. lefebvrei species were reported for the first time.
În lucrare sunt prezentate datele ce vizează diversitatea ecologică a macromicetelor lignicole inventariate pe terito-
riul Republicii Moldova. A fost stabilit că legăturile trofice sunt strâns ...legate de starea fizică a lemnului, ceea ce denotă
specificitatea relaţiei ciupercă-substrat.
Cele 272 specii de macromicete lignicole, inventariate în diverse stadii de descompunere a lemnului, au fost diferen-
ţiate în trei faze de descompunere a lemnului. În prima şi a două fază în fond participă macromicetele de lemn, şi anume:
Afiloforalele. Faza a treia de descompunere aproape pe deplin o îndeplinesc Agaricalele.CONTRIBUTIONS TO KNOWING THE MACROMYCETES FROM THE REPUBLIC OF MOLDOVA (Lignicolous Macromycetes)Data on ecological diversity of lignicolous macromycetes inventoried in the Republic of Moldova are mentioned
in the paper. It has been determined that trophic links are closely related to the physical condition of the wood, which
shows the specificity of the relationship mushroom-substrate.
The 272 species of lignicolous macromycetes inventoried in various stages of wood decay were differentiated into
three phases of wood decay. Wood macromycetes, namely Aphyllophorales, mainly participate in the first and second
phase. In the third phase, wood decay is caused almost entirely by Agaricales.
Resumen Se llevó a cabo la revisión taxonómica de 225 especímenes de macromicetos recolectados en selva baja caducifolia en la región de la costa de Oaxaca. Se reconocieron 160 morfoespecies de las ...cuales 57 fueron determinadas taxonómicamente a la categoría de especie; 35 son registros nuevos para la región de la costa, 28 de ellas lo son para el estado de Oaxaca y 8 se registran por primera vez para México (Calocybe carnea, C. gambosa, Marasmius congregatus, Gymnopus gibbosus, Phlebopus beniensis, Foraminispora rugosa, Ganoderma martinicense y Crassisporus microsporus). Existe un predominio de especies de Basidiomycota sobre Ascomycota. El orden mejor representado es el de los Agaricales, cuyos géneros más abundantes son Lepiota y Marasmius. Se incluyen 33 códigos de barras genéticos elaborados a partir de 40 ejemplares recolectados durante los años 2018 y 2019. Con base en el análisis de acumulación de especies, se determina que se conoce alrededor de 6% más, de la diversidad de macromicetos estimada en la zona de estudio.
The experiment conducted in the Kampinos National Park since 2015 was aimed at assessing the sprouting ability of black cherry (
Ehrh.) in response to different measures of mechanical control and ...mycobiota colonizing the dying trees. Basal cut-stump, cutting at ca. 1 m above the ground and girdling were performed on 4 terms, two plots and applied to 25 trees, 600 trees in total. Sprouts were removed every 8 weeks since the initial treatment for 4 consecutive growing seasons, except winter-treated trees. At the end of the fourth season of control, 515 out of 600 trees were dead (86%): 81% on Lipków and 90% on Sieraków plot. Among 18 experiment variants with sprouts removal, 17 showed more than 80% of dead trees. The lowest, 76% share, concerned summer cut-stump at the base of the tree. For winter measures, the share of dead trees was lower in all cases and ranged from 28% to 64% proving that sprouts removal contributes to the drop of sprouting strength and quicker dying of the trees. Almost 80% of trees showed sporocarps that represented 51 taxa of macrofungi in total, including 6 Ascomycota and 45 Basidiomycota. The group of six most frequently encountered fungi includes:
. Both plots had similar share of black cherry individuals with sporocarps of macrofungi, that is, 81% and 78% for Sieraków and Lipków respectively. The share of colonized trees and the number of reported macrofungal taxa increased significantly compared to the year following the treatment. In addition, the composition of macrofungi changed with the progressing dying of trees. These results broaden the knowledge about macroscopic fungi colonising and living on black cherry within its secondary range of distribution. Moreover, one macrofungus and two microfungi new for KNP are reported.
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