It's madness Yoo, Theodore Jun
2016., 20160216, 2016, 2016-02-16
eBook
It's Madnessexamines Korea's years under Japanese colonialism, when mental health first became defined as a medical and social problem. As in most Asian countries, severe social ostracism, shame, and ...fear of jeopardizing marriage prospects compelled most Korean families to conceal the mentally ill behind closed doors. This book explores the impact of Chinese traditional medicine and its holistic approach to treating mental disorders, the resilience of folk illnesses as explanations for inappropriate and dangerous behaviors, the emergence of clinical psychiatry as a discipline, and the competing models of care under the Japanese colonial authorities and Western missionary doctors. Drawing upon unpublished archival as well as printed sources, this is the first study to examine the ways in which "madness" was understood, classified, and treated in traditional Korea and the role of science in pathologizing and redefining mental illness under Japanese colonial rule.
The meanings and causes of hearing voices that others cannot hear (auditory verbal hallucinations, in psychiatric parlance) have been debated for thousands of years. Voice-hearing has been both ...revered and condemned, understood as a symptom of disease as well as a source of otherworldly communication. Those hearing voices have been viewed as mystics, potential psychiatric patients or simply just people with unusual experiences, and have been beatified, esteemed or accepted, as well as drugged, burnt or gassed. This book travels from voice-hearing in the ancient world through to contemporary experience, examining how power, politics, gender, medicine and religion have shaped the meaning of hearing voices. Who hears voices today, what these voices are like and their potential impact are comprehensively examined. Cutting edge neuroscience is integrated with current psychological theories to consider what may cause voices and the future of research in voice-hearing is explored.
With a fine-tuned ethnographic sensibility, Janis H. Jenkins explores the lived experience of psychosis, trauma, and depression among people of diverse cultural orientations, revealing how mental ...illness engages fundamental human processes of self, desire, gender, identity, attachment, and interpretation.Extraordinary Conditionsilluminates the cultural shaping of extreme psychological suffering and the social rendering of the mentally ill as nonhuman or not fully human.Jenkins contends that mental illness is better characterized in terms of struggle than symptoms and that culture is central to all aspects of mental illness from onset to recovery. Her analysis refashions the boundaries between the ordinary and the extraordinary, the routine and the extreme, and the healthy and the pathological. This book asserts that the study of mental illness is indispensable to the anthropological understanding of culture and experience, and reciprocally that understanding culture and experience is critical to the study of mental illness.
Phrenitis is ubiquitous in ancient medicine and philosophy. Galen mentions the disease innumerable times, patristic authors take it as a favourite allegory of human flaws, and no ancient doctor fails ...to diagnose it and attempt its cure. Yet the nature of this once famous disease has not been understood properly by scholars. This book provides the first full history of phrenitis. In doing so, it surveys ancient ideas about the interactions between body and soul, both in health and in disease. It also addresses ancient ideas about bodily health, mental soundness and moral 'goodness', and their heritage in contemporary psychiatric ideas. Readers will encounter an exciting narrative about health, illness and care as embedded in ancient 'life', but will also be forced to reflect critically on our contemporary ideas of what it means to be 'insane'. This title is also available as open access on Cambridge Core.
Abstract Our goal is to highlight challenges clinicians encounter in achieving valid psychiatric diagnoses in linguistically and culturally diverse patients. These challenges often arise from ...language barriers, misinterpretation of nuanced expressions of distress, and a lack of consideration for the patient’s unique experiences and perspectives regarding their illness, leading to potential misdiagnoses. In this context, we explore the strategies to address these diagnostic issues. To illustrate these challenges, clinical examples of culturally diverse patients are presented. These cases offer insights into the cultural nuances of expressing distress and attributing illness to the external factors such as cosmic influences and spiritual afflictions, often employed as a way to conceal underlying causes. To achieve culturally appropriate diagnoses, clinicians need to be mindful of their patients’ cultural and spiritual beliefs, establish trust and rapport, and approach patient narratives with empathy. This empathetic approach allows clinicians to gain a deeper understanding of the patient’s cultural expressions of distress and their perspectives on illness attribution, often tied to supernatural influences. Importantly, effective communication is a key to uncovering the concealed causes of the patient’s condition.
Noribogaine (noribo) is the primary metabolite from ibogaine, an atypical psychedelic alkaloid isolated from the root bark of the African shrub Tabernanthe iboga. The main objective of this study was ...to test the hypothesis that molecular, electrophysiological, and behavioral responses of noribo are mediated by the 5-HTsub.2A receptor (5-HTsub.2AR) in mice. In that regard, we used male and female, 5-HTsub.2AR knockout (KO) and wild type (WT) mice injected with a single noribo dose (10 or 40 mg/kg; i.p.). After 30 min., locomotor activity was recorded followed by mRNA measurements by qPCR (immediate early genes; IEG, glutamate receptors, and 5-HTsub.2AR levels) and electrophysiology recordings of layer V pyramidal neurons from the medial prefrontal cortex. Noribo 40 decreased locomotion in male, but not female WT. Sex and genotype differences were observed for IEG and glutamate receptor expression. Expression of 5-HTsub.2AR mRNA increased in the mPFC of WT mice following Noribo 10 (males) or Noribo 40 (females). Patch-clamp recordings showed that Noribo 40 reduced the NMDA-mediated postsynaptic current density in mPFC pyramidal neurons only in male WT mice, but no effects were found for either KO males or females. Our results highlight that noribo produces sexually dimorphic effects while the genetic removal of 5HTsub.2AR blunted noribo-mediated responses to NMDA synaptic transmission.
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IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, UL, UM, UPUK
Humanizing Mental Illness demonstrates that we need to challenge our explicit and implicit biases and learn to interact with mental illness in more intentional, supportive, and inclusive ways. While ...most philosophical accounts of the matter are concerned with the question of how much agency a person with mental illness has, this book asks how we can enhance the agency of people with mental illness.
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