Existe un creciente interés por las intervenciones educativas encaminadas a la reducción del estigma hacia los trastornos mentales en el contexto escolar. A pesar de la importante disparidad en ...cuanto a formatos y metodología de actuación, por lo general, este tipo de programas han demostrado ser una herramienta útil y costo-eficiente para favorecer la promoción de la salud mental del adolescente y que este reduzca sus prejuicios y miedos hacia la enfermedad. El presente trabajo describe el pilotaje del programa Lo Hablamos, una estrategia de intervención manualizada, con alto nivel de estructuración en sus contenidos y diseñada para la reducción del estigma hacia la enfermedad mental en las aulas. Participaron en el estudio un total de 315 alumnos de 3 y 4 de Enseñanza Secundaria Obligatoria, con edades comprendidas entre los 14 y 17 años. El programa se desarrolló en una única sesión de 3 horas dentro del horario lectivo habitual. Al finalizarla los participantes cumplimentaron una encuesta anónima diseñada para extraer sus valoraciones y preferencias sobre las actividades realizadas. Los resultados indican que la intervención es valorada de manera positiva por el alumnado, exhibiendo además las tareas y ejercicios que en ella se proponen un elevado nivel de comprensión y de dinamismo percibido. El programa parece tener una población diana situada entre los 14-16 años, por encima de estas edades se evidencia un mayor porcentaje de opiniones negativas. Los datos apuntan a que se trata de una herramienta interesante para la actuación sobre el estigma en el ámbito escolar.
Stigma power Link, Bruce G.; Phelan, Jo
Social science & medicine (1982),
February 2014, 2014-Feb, 2014-02-00, 20140201, Volume:
103
Journal Article
Peer reviewed
Open access
When people have an interest in keeping other people down, in or away, stigma is a resource that allows them to obtain ends they desire. We call this resource “stigma power” and use the term to refer ...to instances in which stigma processes achieve the aims of stigmatizers with respect to the exploitation, control or exclusion of others. We draw on Bourdieu (1987, 1990) who notes that power is often most effectively deployed when it is hidden or “misrecognized.” To explore the utility of the stigma-power concept we examine ways in which the goals of stigmatizers are achieved but hidden in the stigma coping efforts of people with mental illnesses. We developed new self-report measures and administered them to a sample of individuals who have experienced mental illness to test whether results are consistent with the possibility that, in response to negative societal conceptions, the attitudes, beliefs and behaviors of people with psychosis lead them to be concerned with staying in, propelled to stay away and induced to feel downwardly placed – precisely the outcomes stigmatizers might desire. Our introduction of the stigma-power concept carries the possibility of seeing stigmatizing circumstances in a new light.
•New measures of mental-illness stigma show how people are harmed by the stigma they experience.•Stigma is a form of power that allows people to keep people with mental-illnesses down, in and away.•The interests of stigmatizers are achieved through hidden, “misrecognized” mechanisms.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZRSKP
En el presente artículo abordamos la esfera psicológica y emocional de los soldados británicos que combatieron en la Primera Guerra Mundial a través del estudio de las cartas que escribieron durante ...el conflicto. El análisis de este tipo de documento nos permite ahondar en las emociones y sentimientos provocados por el armamento introducido durante la contienda y las experiencias en la guerra de trincheras, elementos clave en la transformación del conflicto en la primera guerra moderna. Las cartas analizadas están recogidas en las webs del Archivo Nacional Británico y del Imperial War Museum. A través de un análisis del contenido de las misivas desde la óptica de la microhistoria pondremos de manifiesto la gran variedad de factores que influyeron en las emociones, sentimientos y actitudes de los soldados hacia el conflicto como la meteorología o el grado de actividad en el frente. Por otro lado, identificaremos diferentes formas de vivir y sentir la guerra que están influenciados por la situación o el frente en el que estaba destinado el soldado y que contienen elementos de discursos tanto a favor como en contra de la guerra.
Objective: Recovery, defined as a personal process of living with mental illness, has become a prominent concept in mental health care. We aimed to map the state of the art of conceptualizing ...recovery, its promoting and impeding factors, recovery-oriented practice, and the assessment of recovery. Method: A scoping review of systematic reviews and meta-analyses was performed. Systematic searches were conducted, supplemented with hand-searching in reference lists. Results: Of 228 articles that were identified and 33 that were reviewed, a total of 25 were included. This review showed that the CHIME conceptual framework for personal recovery is widely endorsed, containing the elements of connectedness, hope and optimism, identity, meaning in life, and empowerment. Although personal recovery first and foremost starts from individual preferences, the CHIME framework should be adapted according to culture and unique population characteristics. "Difficulties and trauma" should be added, and the person's choice, risk taking, and coping with challenges should be emphasized. Barriers to recovery are stigma and negative effects of mental health services and medication. Facilitators of recovery include spirituality, personal agency, and social support. Recovery-focused interventions, in which peer providers are involved, enhance recovery, hope, and empowerment. For assessing recovery outcomes, multiple instruments are accepted as methodologically sound. Conclusions: Personal recovery is conceptualized as complementary to clinical recovery and represents processes rather than outcomes. Additional work is needed to bridge the gap between the concept of recovery-oriented practice and routinely provided interventions. A broad framework of recovery is needed, and more research is needed into the working mechanisms of personal recovery processes.
Impact and Implications
Personal recovery entails the idea of learning to live a good life in the face of mental illness. It refers to a process rather than to an outcome, including elements of connectedness, hope and optimism, identity, meaning in life, empowerment, responsible risk taking, and coping with challenges. Recovery-oriented practices should encompass direct work not only with clients but also with families, systems, and communities.
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CEKLJ, FFLJ, NUK, ODKLJ, PEFLJ, UPUK
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